MariaDB主从复制、主主复制

1.部署

10.0.0.21  MariaDB-21

10.0.0.22  MariaDB-22

cat /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo
[mariadb]
name=MariaDB
baseurl=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.2/centos7-amd64/
gpgkey=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
yum -y install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client
systemctl start mariadb
# 除了将密码改为mariadb123456,其余步骤都按Y
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
# 如果需要修改默认的数据路径,先不要启动mariadb
mkdir -p /data/mariadb
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mariadb
# 将默认的数据拷贝到新的路径下面
cp -a /var/lib/mysql/* /data/mariadb/
# 修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mariadb
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
character_set_server=utf8
slow_query_log=on
slow_query_log_file=/data/mariadb/logs/slow_query_log.log
long_query_time=2
log-error =/data/mariadb/logs/error.log
# 本实验一切按照默认的来

2.配置主从复制

a.在10.0.0.21上配置主服务器

innodb_file_per_table:拆分表数据存储
log-bin:开启二进制日志
cat /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
[mysqld]
skip_name_resolve = ON
innodb_file_per_table = ON
server-id = 21
log-bin = master-bin
log-bin-index=master-bin.index

systemctl restart mariadb.service
mysql -uroot -pmariadb123456
grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'10.0.0.%' identified by 'repluser123456';
flush privileges;
# 查看主服务器的状态信息,在从服务器中要用到
show master status\G
File: master-bin.000001
Position: 676

b.在10.0.0.22上配置从服务器

从服务器最好启用read_only=ON禁止写操作,防止误操作
cat /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
[mysqld]
skip_name_resolve = ON
innodb_file_per_table = ON
server-id = 22
relay_log = slave_relay_bin

systemctl restart mariadb.service
mysql -uroot -pmariadb123456
change master to master_host='10.0.0.21',master_user='repluser',
master_password='repluser123456',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=676;
start slave;
show slave status\G
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

测试,在主服务器上创建库,创建表,插入数据,可以在从服务器上看到数据被同步过来

create database TestDB;
use TestDB;
create table student(id int,name varchar(20));
insert into student(id,name) values('1','zhangsanfeng');
insert into student(id,name) values('2','budaiheshang'),('3','wusanren');
insert into student set id=4,name="zhangwuji";

3.配置主主复制

在上面主从复制的基础上继续做,即:在之前的master上开启relay_log,在之前的slave上开启log-bin,并且把步进值改为n

auto_increment_offset:起始值,一般填第n台主MySQL,此时为第一台主MySQL

auto_increment_increment:步进值,一般有n台主MySQL就填n

binlog-ignore:忽略某个库,这里先不用这个参数

replicate-do-db:要同步的数据库,默认所有库

10.0.0.21的配置文件内容如下

cat /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
[mysqld]
skip_name_resolve = ON
innodb_file_per_table = ON
server-id = 21
auto_increment_offset = 1
auto_increment_increment = 2
relay_log = slave_relay_bin
log-bin = master-bin
log-bin-index = master-bin.index

10.0.0.22的配置文件内容如下

cat /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
[mysqld]
skip_name_resolve = ON
innodb_file_per_table = ON
server-id = 22
relay_log = slave_relay_bin
auto_increment_offset = 2
auto_increment_increment = 2
log-bin = master-bin
log-bin-index = master-bin.index

修改完配置文件之后,两台服务器都要重启

systemctl restart mariadb.service

# 在10.0.0.22上授权用户
mysql -uroot -pmariadb123456
grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'10.0.0.%' identified by 'repluser123456';
flush privileges;
# 查看二进制日志名和位置
show master status\G
File: master-bin.000001
Position: 329
# 在10.0.0.21中执行
change master to master_host='10.0.0.22',master_user='repluser',
master_password='repluser123456',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=329;
start slave;

完成主主复制配置,在10.0.0.22上进行测试,可在21上看到数据已经被同步

use TestDB;
create table tab1(id int auto_increment,name varchar(10),primary key(id));
insert into tab1 (name) value('zhangsan'),('lisi'),('wangmazi');

主主复制配置文件中auto_increment_increment和auto_increment_offset只能保证主键不重复,却不能保证主键有序.

主从|主主写的不错:https://www.cnblogs.com/phpstudy2015-6/p/6485819.html

主从|主主|半同步都有写:https://www.jb51.net/article/97786.htm