Beand的高级特征

Spring程序中，Java Bean一般与Spring是非耦合的，不会依赖于Spring类库。这也是Spring的优点。

实现BeanNameAware接口获取本bean的id属性

BeanNameAware中一个方法setBeanName(String arg0);它会在bean所有参数设置后 init-method之前调用，在bean中声明一个属性接受。

实现BeanFactoryAware可以获取该bean对应的BeanFactory。

demo：

package com.dao.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanNameAware;

public class FindBeanName implements BeanNameAware,BeanFactoryAware{
    private String beanName;
    private BeanFactory beanFactory;
    public void setBeanName(String beanName) {

        this.beanName=beanName;
    }
    public String getBeanName(){
        return beanName;
    }
    public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory arg0) throws BeansException {
        this.beanFactory=arg0;
    }
    public BeanFactory getBeanFactory(){
        return beanFactory;
    }

}

package com.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;

import com.Model.Cat;
import com.dao.impl.FindBeanName;

public class TestAware {
    @Test
    public void GetName(){
        XmlBeanFactory factory=new XmlBeanFactory(
                new ClassPathResource("com/test/applicationContext.xml"));
        FindBeanName dbn=(FindBeanName) factory.getBean("hehe");
        System.out.println(dbn.getBeanName());
        BeanFactory fa=dbn.getBeanFactory();
        Cat cat=(Cat) fa.getBean("cat");
        System.out.println(cat.getName());
    }

}

实现DisposableBean接口执行销毁方法。

被bean中的destory-method属性替代，一般不使用

实现InitializingBean接口执行初始化方法。

被bean的init-method属性替代，一般不使用

BeanFactory对象的几个常用的方法：

boolean containsBean（String）:判断指定名称的Bean是否存在

Object getBean（String）：返回指定名称的Bean。如果没有，会抛出异常

Object getBean（String，Class）：返回指定名称的Bean，并进行类型转换成类对象。两个过程中出错都会异常

boolean isSingleton(String):判断指定名称的Bean是否配置为singleton。没有bean，抛出异常

String[] getAliases（String）:获取指定名称bean的所有别名的数组

属性覆盖器

对于一些参数，更实用更简单的方法是使用properties配置，而不是配置在Spring的配置文件中。Spring提供属性替代属性，允许把某些属性配置在properties文件中。

配置PropertyOverrideConfigurer属性覆盖器。

PropertyOverrideConfigure允许把XML配置里的魔偶写参数配置到properties文件中。这些在数据库配置中很常用。配置时需要配置一个PropertyOverrideConfigure对象，指定properties文件的位置，然后把替换的属性用形如${jdbc.url}的字符串替代。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

    <bean id="configproperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
        <!--<property name="location" value="config.properties"/>  一个properties文件
        -->
        <property name="locations"> <!-- 多个properties文件 -->
            <list>
                <value>com/Test/config.properties</value>
                <value>config1.properties</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="properties" ref="configproperties"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="cat" class="com.Model.Cat">
        <property name="name" value="${C.name}"></property>
        <property name="age" value="${C2.age}"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

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" 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