自定义Excel导出简易组件

1.组件原理

excel的数据存储是以xml格式存储的，所以导出Excel文件可以通过生成XML来实现。当然XML必须符合一定的格式要求。

2.组件实现

（1）新建类库文件“MyExcel”

（2）添加类型“WorkBook”，这里指Excel的工作表。

 namespace MyExcel
 {
     public class WorkBook
     {
         private StringBuilder excelstr;
         private List<WorkSheet> sheets;
         public WorkBook()
         {
             this.excelstr = new StringBuilder();
             this.sheets = new List<WorkSheet>();
         }
         public WorkSheet CreateSheet(string title)
         {
             if (sheets == null)
             {
                 throw new Exception("只有先构建WorkBook对象后才能构建WorkSheet对象！");
             }
             foreach (WorkSheet sht in sheets)
             {
                 if (sht.Title.ToLower() == title.ToLower())
                 {
                     throw new Exception("已经有名称为：" + title + " 的Sheet");
                 }
             }
             WorkSheet wsheeet = new WorkSheet(title);
             this.sheets.Add(wsheeet);
             return wsheeet;
         }
         private string WriteWorkBook()
         {
             if (sheets == null || sheets.Count < )
             {
                 throw new Exception("只有先构建WorkBook对象后才能构建行对象！");
             }
             excelstr.Append("<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<?mso-application progid=\"Excel.Sheet\"?>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Workbook xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\"\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("xmlns:x=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\"\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("xmlns:ss=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\"\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("xmlns:html=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40\">\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<DocumentProperties xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\">\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Created>2006-09-16T00:00:00Z</Created>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<LastSaved>2015-07-07T05:50:29Z</LastSaved>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Version>14.00</Version>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("</DocumentProperties>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<OfficeDocumentSettings xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\">\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<AllowPNG/>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<RemovePersonalInformation/>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("</OfficeDocumentSettings>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<ExcelWorkbook xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\">\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<WindowHeight>8010</WindowHeight>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<WindowWidth>14805</WindowWidth>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<WindowTopX>240</WindowTopX>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<WindowTopY>105</WindowTopY>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<ProtectStructure>False</ProtectStructure>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<ProtectWindows>False</ProtectWindows>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("</ExcelWorkbook>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Styles>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Style ss:ID=\"Default\" ss:Name=\"Normal\">\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Alignment ss:Vertical=\"Bottom\"/>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Borders/>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Font ss:FontName=\"宋体\" x:CharSet=\"134\" ss:Size=\"11\" ss:Color=\"#000000\"/>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Interior/>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<NumberFormat/>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Protection/>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("</Style>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Style ss:ID=\"s64\">\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Alignment ss:Horizontal=\"Center\" ss:Vertical=\"Center\"/>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("<Font ss:FontName=\"宋体\" x:CharSet=\"134\" ss:Size=\"11\" ss:Color=\"#000000\"\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("ss:Bold=\"1\"/>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("</Style>\r\n");
             excelstr.Append("</Styles>\r\n");
             foreach (WorkSheet item in sheets)
             {
                 excelstr.Append(item.WriteSheet());
             }
             excelstr.Append("</Workbook>\r\n");
             return excelstr.ToString();
         }
         /// <summary>
         /// Write Data To Stream.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="ms"></param>
         public void WriteStream(Stream ms)
         {
             try
             {
                 string msg = WriteWorkBook();
                 byte[] buffer = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
                 ms.Write(buffer, , buffer.Length);

             }
             catch (Exception)
             {
                 throw new Exception("写入流错误");
             }

         }
     }
 }

（3）添加类型“WorkSheet”，这里指Excel的工作簿。

 namespace MyExcel
 {
     public class WorkSheet
     {
         private List<Row> rowcollection;
         private string title = "";
         internal WorkSheet(string title)
         {
             this.title = title;
             this.rowcollection = new List<Row>();
         }
         internal string Title
         { get { return title; } }
         public Row CreateRow()
         {
             Row _row = new Row();
             if (this.rowcollection == null)
             {
                 throw new Exception("只有先构建Sheet对象后才能构建行对象！");
             }
             rowcollection.Add(_row);
             return _row;
         }

         internal string WriteSheet()
         {
             if (rowcollection == null || rowcollection.Count < )
             {
                 throw new Exception("未添加行(Row)对象");
             }
             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
             sb.Append(string.Format("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"{0}\">\r\n", title));
             sb.Append("<Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount=\"200\" ss:ExpandedRowCount=\"65535\" x:FullColumns=\"1\"\r\n");
             sb.Append("x:FullRows=\"1\" ss:DefaultColumnWidth=\"54\" ss:DefaultRowHeight=\"13.5\">\r\n");

             foreach (Row _row in rowcollection)
             {
                 sb.Append(_row.WriteRow());
             }
             sb.Append("</Table>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<WorksheetOptions xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\">\r\n");
             sb.Append("<PageSetup>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<Header x:Margin=\"0.3\"/>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<Footer x:Margin=\"0.3\"/>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<PageMargins x:Bottom=\"0.75\" x:Left=\"0.7\" x:Right=\"0.7\" x:Top=\"0.75\"/>\r\n");
             sb.Append("</PageSetup>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<Print>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<ValidPrinterInfo/>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<PaperSizeIndex>9</PaperSizeIndex>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<HorizontalResolution>600</HorizontalResolution>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<VerticalResolution>600</VerticalResolution>\r\n");
             sb.Append("</Print>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<Selected/>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<ProtectObjects>False</ProtectObjects>\r\n");
             sb.Append("<ProtectScenarios>False</ProtectScenarios>\r\n");
             sb.Append("</WorksheetOptions>\r\n");
             sb.Append("</Worksheet>\r\n");
             return sb.ToString();
         }

     }
 }

（4）添加类型“Row”，这里指Sheet中的行。

 namespace MyExcel
 {
     public class Row
     {
         private List<string> cells;
         private List<string> headers;
         internal Row()
         {
             this.cells = new List<string>();
             this.headers = new List<string>();
         }
         /// <summary>
         /// 添加列
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="value"></param>
         public void AddCell(string value)
         {
             cells.Add(value);
         }
         /// <summary>
         /// 添加标题
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="title"></param>
         public void AddHeader(string title)
         {
             this.headers.Add(title);
         }
         internal string WriteRow()
         {
             if (cells == null)
             {
                 if (headers == null)
                 {
                     throw new Exception("无单元格,请创建单元格");
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     if (headers.Count < )
                     {
                         throw new Exception("无单元格,请创建单元格");
                     }
                 }
             }
             else
             {
                 if (headers == null)
                 {
                     if (cells.Count < )
                     {
                         throw new Exception("无单元格,请创建单元格");
                     }
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     if (headers.Count < &&cells.Count<)
                     {
                         throw new Exception("无单元格,请创建单元格");
                     }
                 }
             }
             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
             if (headers!=null&&headers.Count>)
             {
                 sb.Append("<Row>\r\n");
                 foreach (string item in headers)
                 {
                     sb.Append(string.Format("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"s64\"><Data ss:Type=\"String\">{0}</Data></Cell>\r\n", item));
                 }
                 sb.Append("</Row>\r\n");
             }
             if (cells != null && cells.Count > )
             {
                 sb.Append("<Row>\r\n");
                 foreach (string item in cells)
                 {
                     sb.Append(string.Format("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\">{0}</Data></Cell>\r\n", item));
                 }
                 sb.Append("</Row>\r\n");
             }
             return sb.ToString();
         }

     }

 }

（5）编译类库文件，生成“MyExcel.dll”文件。

3.组件使用

添加引用，"MyExcel.dll"

（1）web程序使用

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Web;
 using System.Web.UI;
 using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
 using MyExcel;
 using System.IO;

 public partial class Default1 : System.Web.UI.Page
 {
     protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
     {
         Response.Clear();
         Response.ClearHeaders();
         Response.Buffer = true;
         WorkBook wb = new WorkBook();//创建工作表
         for (int j = ; j < ; j++)
         {
             WorkSheet ws = wb.CreateSheet("sheet"+(j+));//创建工作簿
             Row r = ws.CreateRow();//创建ws的行
             r.AddHeader("Name");//添加标题列
             r.AddHeader("Sex");//添加标题列
             r.AddHeader("Address");//添加标题列

             for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
             {
                 r = ws.CreateRow();//又创建一新行
                 r.AddCell("name" + (i + ));//添加列
                 r.AddCell("sex" + (i + ));//添加列
                 r.AddCell("address" + (i + ));//添加列
             }
         }

         MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
         wb.WriteStream(ms);//将xml数据写入内存流
         byte[] buffer = ms.ToArray();
         ms.Close();
         //文件下载代码
         Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=aa.xls");
         Response.AddHeader("Contnet-Length", buffer.Length.ToString());
         Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel;charset=utf-8";
         Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("shift-jis");
         Response.BinaryWrite(buffer);
     }
 }

（2）控制台程序

 namespace ConsoleApplication1
 {
     class Program
     {
         static void Main(string[] args)
         {
              //构造工作表对象
             WorkBook wb = new WorkBook();
             //创建当前工作表的工作簿对象
             WorkSheet ws = wb.CreateSheet("sheet1");
             //创建当前工作簿的行对象
             Row r = ws.CreateRow();
             //当前行添加标题列
             r.AddHeader("Name");
             r.AddHeader("Sex");
             r.AddHeader("Address");
             for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
             {
                //创建新行
                 r = ws.CreateRow();
                //添加新行的列
                 r.AddCell("name" + (i + ));
                 r.AddCell("sex" + (i + ));
                 r.AddCell("address" + (i + ));
             }
             MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
             //将数据写入内存流
             wb.WriteStream(ms);
             byte[] buffer = ms.ToArray();
             FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"c:/aaa.xls", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
             ms.Close();
             fs.Write(buffer, , buffer.Length);
             fs.Flush();
             fs.Close();
             Console.Read();

         }
     }
 }