SQL Server 数据库获取架构信息

得到数据库存储过程列表：

select * from dbo.sysobjects where OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1 order by name

得到某个存储过程的参数信息：(SQL方法)

select * from syscolumns where ID in      (SELECT id FROM sysobjects as a     WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1       and id = object_id(N'[dbo].[mystoredprocedurename]'))

得到某个存储过程的参数信息：(Ado.net方法)

SqlCommandBuilder.DeriveParameters(mysqlcommand);

得到数据库所有表：

select * from dbo.sysobjects where OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1 order by name

得到某个表中的字段信息：

select c.name as ColumnName, c.colorder as ColumnOrder, c.xtype as DataType, typ.name as  DataTypeName, c.Length, c.isnullable from dbo.syscolumns c inner join dbo.sysobjects t on c.id = t.id inner join dbo.systypes typ on typ.xtype = c.xtype where OBJECTPROPERTY(t.id, N'IsUserTable') = 1 and t.name='mytable' order by c.colorder;

C# Ado.net代码示例：

1. 得到数据库存储过程列表：

using System.Data.SqlClient;

private void GetStoredProceduresList()

{

    string sql = "select * from dbo.sysobjects where OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1 order by name";

    string connStr = @"Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=mydatabase; Integrated Security=True; Connection Timeout=1;";

    SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr);

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);

    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;

    try

    {

        conn.Open();

        using (SqlDataReader MyReader = cmd.ExecuteReader())

        {

            while (MyReader.Read())

            {

                //Get stored procedure name

                this.listBox1.Items.Add(MyReader[0].ToString());

            }

        }

    }

    finally

    {

        conn.Close();

    }

}

2. 得到某个存储过程的参数信息：(Ado.net方法)

using System.Data.SqlClient;

private void GetArguments()

{

    string connStr = @"Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=mydatabase; Integrated Security=True; Connection Timeout=1;";

    SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr);

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

    cmd.Connection = conn;

    cmd.CommandText = "mystoredprocedurename";

    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;

    try

    {

        conn.Open();

        SqlCommandBuilder.DeriveParameters(cmd);

        foreach (SqlParameter var in cmd.Parameters)

        {

            if (cmd.Parameters.IndexOf(var) == 0) continue;//Skip return value

            MessageBox.Show((String.Format("Param: {0}{1}Type: {2}{1}Direction: {3}",

               var.ParameterName,

               Environment.NewLine,

               var.SqlDbType.ToString(),

               var.Direction.ToString())));

        }

    }

    finally

    {

        conn.Close();

    }

}

3. 列出所有数据库：

using System;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Data;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

private static string connString = 

            "Persist Security Info=True;timeout=5;Data Source=192.168.1.8;User ID=sa;Password=password";

/// <summary>

/// 列出所有数据库

/// </summary>

/// <returns></returns>

public string[] GetDatabases()

{

    return GetList("SELECT name FROM sysdatabases order by name asc");

}

private string[] GetList(string sql)

{

    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(connString)) return null;

    string connStr = connString;

    SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr);

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);

    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;

    try

    {

        conn.Open();

        List<string> ret = new List<string>();

        using (SqlDataReader MyReader = cmd.ExecuteReader())

        {

            while (MyReader.Read())

            {

                ret.Add(MyReader[0].ToString());

            }

        }

        if (ret.Count > 0) return ret.ToArray();

        return null;

    }

    finally

    {

        conn.Close();

    }

}

4. 得到Table表格列表：

private static string connString = 

  "Persist Security Info=True;timeout=5;Data Source=192.168.1.8;Initial Catalog=myDb;User ID=sa;Password=password";

/* select name from sysobjects where xtype='u'  ---

   C = CHECK 约束

   D = 默认值或 DEFAULT 约束

   F = FOREIGN KEY 约束

   L = 日志

   FN = 标量函数

   IF = 内嵌表函数

   P = 存储过程

   PK = PRIMARY KEY 约束（类型是 K）

   RF = 复制筛选存储过程

   S = 系统表

   TF = 表函数

   TR = 触发器

   U = 用户表

   UQ = UNIQUE 约束（类型是 K）

   V = 视图

   X = 扩展存储过程

   */

public string[] GetTableList()

{

    return GetList("SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE xtype='U' AND name   <>   'dtproperties' order by name asc");

}

5. 得到View视图列表：

public string[] GetViewList()

{

     return GetList("SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE xtype='V' AND name   <>   'dtproperties' order by name asc");

}

6. 得到Function函数列表：

public string[] GetFunctionList()

{

    return GetList("SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE xtype='FN' AND name   <>   'dtproperties' order by name asc");

}

7. 得到存储过程列表：

public string[] GetStoredProceduresList()

{

    return GetList("select * from dbo.sysobjects where OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1 order by name asc");

}

8. 得到table的索引Index信息：

public TreeNode[] GetTableIndex(string tableName)

{

    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(connString)) return null;

    List<TreeNode> nodes = new List<TreeNode>();

    string connStr = connString;

    SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr);

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(String.Format("exec sp_helpindex {0}", tableName), conn);

    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;

    try

    {

        conn.Open();

        using (SqlDataReader MyReader = cmd.ExecuteReader())

        {

            while (MyReader.Read())

            {

                TreeNode node = new TreeNode(MyReader[0].ToString(), 2, 2);/*Index name*/

                node.ToolTipText = String.Format("{0}{1}{2}", MyReader[2].ToString()/*index keys*/, Environment.NewLine,

                    MyReader[1].ToString()/*Description*/);

                nodes.Add(node);

            }

        }

    }

    finally

    {

        conn.Close();

    }

    if(nodes.Count>0) return nodes.ToArray ();

    return null;

}

9. 得到Table，View，Function，存储过程的参数，Field信息：

public string[] GetTableFields(string tableName)

{

    return GetList(String.Format("select name from syscolumns where id =object_id('{0}')", tableName));

}

10. 得到Table各个Field的详细定义：

public TreeNode[] GetTableFieldsDefinition(string TableName)

{

    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(connString)) return null;

    string connStr = connString;

    List<TreeNode> nodes = new List<TreeNode>();

    SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr);

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(String.Format("select a.name,b.name,a.length,a.isnullable from syscolumns a,systypes b,sysobjects d where a.xtype=b.xusertype and a.id=d.id and d.xtype='U' and a.id =object_id('{0}')",

                  TableName), conn);

    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;

    try

    {

        conn.Open();

        using (SqlDataReader MyReader = cmd.ExecuteReader())

        {

            while (MyReader.Read())

            {

                TreeNode node = new TreeNode(MyReader[0].ToString(), 2, 2);

                node.ToolTipText = String.Format("Type: {0}{1}Length: {2}{1}Nullable: {3}", MyReader[1].ToString()/*type*/, Environment.NewLine,

                    MyReader[2].ToString()/*length*/, Convert.ToBoolean(MyReader[3]));

                nodes.Add(node);

            }

        }

        if (nodes.Count > 0) return nodes.ToArray();

        return null;

    }

    finally

    {

        conn.Close();

    }

}

11. 得到存储过程内容：

类似“8. 得到table的索引Index信息”，SQL语句为：EXEC Sp_HelpText '存储过程名'

12. 得到视图View定义：

类似“8. 得到table的索引Index信息”，SQL语句为：EXEC Sp_HelpText '视图名'