python selenium-4自动化测试模型

1.线性测试

特点：每一个脚本都是完整且独立的，可以单独执行。

缺点：用例的开发与维护成本很高

2.模块化驱动测试

特点：把重复的操作独立成公共模块，提高测试用例的可维护性

示例：将搜索封装到func中，其他文件直接导入使用即可

func.py

class Func():
    def search(self,driver):
        driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@id='kw' and @class='s_ipt']").send_keys("hello")
        driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@value='百度一下' and @id='su']").click()
        result_text = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//span[@class='nums_text']").text
        assert "百度为您找到相关结果约" in result_text

action.py

import sys
from selenium import webdriver;
from time import sleep
from testcase import func

path = sys.path[0].replace("testcase", "") + "driver/geckodriver"
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=path)
driver.implicitly_wait(5)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
print("打开百度")

func.Func().search(driver)
#等同于
#s=func.Func()
#s.search(driver)

sleep(3)
driver.quit()
print("退出")

3.数据驱动测试

3.1参数化搜索关键字

func.py

from time import sleep
class Func():
    def search(self,driver,word):
        driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@id='kw' and @class='s_ipt']").clear()
        driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@id='kw' and @class='s_ipt']").send_keys(word)
        driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@value='百度一下' and @id='su']").click()
        result_text = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//span[@class='nums_text']").text
        assert "百度为您找到相关结果约" in result_text
        sleep(1)

action.py

import sys
from selenium import webdriver;
from testcase import func

path = sys.path[0].replace("testcase", "") + "driver/geckodriver"
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=path)
driver.implicitly_wait(5)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
print("打开百度")

func.Func().search(driver,"hello")
func.Func().search(driver,"world")

driver.quit()
print("退出")

3.2读取txt文件

read()：读取整个文件

readline()：读取一行数据

readlins()：读取所有行的数据

word.txt

java,廖雪峰
pyhton,菜鸟
selenium,阮一峰

action.py

import sys
from selenium import webdriver;
from testcase import func

path = sys.path[0].replace("testcase", "") + "driver/geckodriver"
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=path)
driver.implicitly_wait(5)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
print("打开百度")

file = open("word.txt","r")
lines = file.readlines()
file.close()
for i in lines:
    searchWord = i.split(',')[0]
    func.Func().search(driver,searchWord)

driver.quit()
print("退出")

3.3读取csv文件

word.csv

#读取csv文件
import csv
data = csv.reader(open("word.csv","r"))
for user in data:
    print(user,len(user),len(user[0]))

aciton.py
```#python
import csv
import sys
from selenium import webdriver;
from testcase import func

path = sys.path[0].replace("testcase", "") + "driver/geckodriver"

driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=path)

driver.implicitly_wait(5)

driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")

print("打开百度")

data = csv.reader(open("word.csv",'r'))

for row in data:

if len(row[0])==0:

pass

else:

func.Func().search(driver,row[0])

func.Func().search(driver,row[1])

driver.quit()

print("退出")

##    3.4读取Excel文件

<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1418970/201811/1418970-20181120151340811-1621898753.png" width="400" />
```#python
import xlrd
#打开表格
file = xlrd.open_workbook("word.xlsx")
#获取所有sheet,sheet_names()表名
print(file.sheet_names())
#根据sheet索引或名称获取shell内容
sheet1=file.sheet_by_index(0)
sheet2=file.sheet_by_name("工作表 1 - word")
#获取sheet表格的行数和列数
sheet2_row= sheet2.nrows
sheet2_col= sheet2.ncols
print(sheet2.name,sheet2_row,sheet2_col)
#获取每一行的数据
for i in range(sheet2_row):
    print("",sheet2.row_values(i))
#获取每一列的数据
for i in range(sheet2_col):
    print(sheet2.col_values(i))
# #获取单元格的数据
print(sheet2.cell(2,1).value,sheet2.cell(2,0).value)
#循环打印非空值
for i in range(sheet2_row):
    for j in range(sheet2_col):
        if len(sheet2.cell(i,j).value) != 0:
            print(sheet2.cell(i,j).value)

import xlrd
import sys
from selenium import webdriver;
from testcase import func

path = sys.path[0].replace("testcase", "") + "driver/geckodriver"
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=path)
driver.implicitly_wait(5)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
print("打开百度")

data = xlrd.open_workbook("word.xlsx")
sheet2_data=data.sheet_by_index(1)
sheet2_rows=sheet2_data.nrows
sheet2_col=sheet2_data.ncols
for i in range(sheet2_rows):
    for j in range(sheet2_col):
        if i > 0:
            text=sheet2_data.cell(i,j).value
            if len(text) > 0:
                func.Func().search(driver,text)
driver.quit()
print("退出")

3.5读取xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--注意：第一行如果直接键入会报错。输入<?xml，然后直接使用tab键生成第一行，删除多余内容即可-->
<info>
	<base>
		<platform>Windows</platform>
		<browser>Firefox</browser>
		<url>http://www.baidu.com</url>
			<login username="admin" password="123456" />
			<login username="guest" password="654321" />
	</base>
	<test>
		<province>北京</province>
		<province>广东</province>
			<city>深圳</city>
			<city>珠海</city>
		<province>浙江</province>
			<city>杭州</city>
	</test>
</info>

http://www.w3school.com.cn/xmldom/dom_nodes.asp

from xml.dom import minidom
dom = minidom.parse('info.xml')
root = dom.documentElement
print(root.nodeName,root.nodeType,root.ELEMENT_NODE)
pros = dom.getElementsByTagName("login")
for pro in pros:
    print(pro.getAttribute("username"),pro.getAttribute("password"))
pros = dom.getElementsByTagName("city")
for pro in pros:
    print(pro.childNodes[0].data)
    #等价于
    print(pro.firstChild.data)

4.关键字驱动测试