python 3.6 tkinter+urllib+json 火车车次信息查询

--------blogs:  陈月白    http://www.cnblogs.com/chenyuebai    --------

一、概述

妹子工作时需要大量地查询火车车次至南京的信息，包括该车次到达站（南京站or南京南站）、到达时间、出发时间等，然后根据这些信息做下一步工作。

版本结束，趁着间歇期，帮她弄了个简易的批量查询工具，粉色的按钮是给她用的~哈哈哈！ (๑*◡*๑)

大概80行代码，主要是：

界面读取待查询车次 - - - - 调用车次信息接口- - - - 解析返回数据 - - - - 组装结果 - - - - 封装到界面（tkinter）

python+tkinter实现界面，详见之前的学习笔记：http://www.cnblogs.com/chenyuebai/p/7150382.html

最终效果图：

二、实现

1.界面读取待查询车次

之前总结过使用tkinter实现GUI，详见之前的笔记：http://www.cnblogs.com/chenyuebai/p/7150382.html

2.调用车次信息接口

题外话，之前是做的从界面读取待查询车次信息，然后构造成携程的查询url，取到数据后筛选信息；

但后续在取到页面数据后，decode时发现总抛解码异常，百度之，原因是页面源码中编码格式有多样，decode时需要加个错误跳过参数。。

但车次信息恰巧在跳过之列。。。

但是已经跟妹子说很快就能搞好（装b），于是就直接申请了某第三方平台的接口 QAQ

网上查了下，免费的接口基本都不提供服务了。于是用的某第三方平台的接口（某速数据），注册赠1000条，续费5元1W条（暂时没续=。=）

    #调用车次信息接口，获取车次信息
    def getTrainScheduleInfo(self,trainSchedule):
        trainBaseInfo = ""
        #拼接URL
        url = "http://api.xxxx.com/train/line?appkey=xxxxxx&trainno=" + trainSchedule
        #print(url)
        #获取数据
        try:
            trainBaseInfo = self.send_GET_request(url)　　#发送GET请求，python3.X是用urllib.request库，网上很多
        except:
            print("ERROR:FUNC getTrainScheduleInfo select_items_from_url failed.url = %s ,flag = %s"%(trainSchedule))
        return trainBaseInfo

3.解析返回数据

返回数据为json类型的字符串，直接json.loads后，解析即可

#获取所有待查询车次信息
        allTrainResultDic = {}      #车次查询结果集合
        for trainSchedule in trainScheduleList:
            trainBaseInfo = self.getTrainScheduleInfo(trainSchedule)        #json string
            # #----测试----
            # trainBaseInfo = '''{"status":"0","msg":"ok","result":{"trainno":"G8","type":"高铁","list":[{"sequenceno":"1","station":"上海虹桥","day":"1","arrivaltime":"----","departuretime":"19:00","stoptime":"0","costtime":"0","distance":"0","isend":"0","pricesw":"","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"0.0","priceed":"0.0"},{"sequenceno":"2","station":"南京南","day":"1","arrivaltime":"20:00","departuretime":"20:02","stoptime":"2","costtime":"60","distance":"295","isend":"0","pricesw":"429.5","pricetd":"0","pricegr1":"0","pricegr2":"0","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"229.5","priceed":"134.5"},{"sequenceno":"3","station":"济南西","day":"1","arrivaltime":"21:59","departuretime":"22:01","stoptime":"2","costtime":"179","distance":"0","isend":"0","pricesw":"1263.5","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"673.5","priceed":"398.5"},{"sequenceno":"4","station":"天津南","day":"1","arrivaltime":"22:59","departuretime":"23:01","stoptime":"2","costtime":"239","distance":"0","isend":"0","pricesw":"1603.5","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"853.5","priceed":"508.5"},{"sequenceno":"5","station":"北京南","day":"1","arrivaltime":"23:34","departuretime":"23:34","stoptime":"0","costtime":"274","distance":"0","isend":"1","pricesw":"1748","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"933.0","priceed":"553.0","costtimetxt":"4时34分"}]}}'''
            # #----测试----
            print("trainBaseInfo =",trainBaseInfo)
            #解析
            if trainBaseInfo:
                try:
                    trainBaseInfo_loads = json.loads(trainBaseInfo)
                    ":
                        resultNodeValue = trainBaseInfo_loads["result"]
                        trainnoNodeValue = resultNodeValue["trainno"]     #查询车次代码
                        typeNodeValue = resultNodeValue["type"]          #车次类型
                        listNodeValue = resultNodeValue["list"]         #途径站点信息集合 list
                        #筛选出途经南京、南京南
                        for trainInfo in listNodeValue:
                            if (cityName1 in trainInfo.values()) or (cityName2 in trainInfo.values()):
                                #解析数据
                                arrivedStation = trainInfo["station"]         #到达站
                                arrivedTime = trainInfo["arrivaltime"]        #到站时间
                                leaveTime = trainInfo["departuretime"]      #离站时间
                                if arrivedStation == "南京":
                                    arrivedStation = "南京站"
                                # 存储该车次查询结果
                                trainResult = []
                                trainResult.append(arrivedStation)
                                trainResult.append(arrivedTime)
                                trainResult.append(leaveTime)
                                trainResult.append(typeNodeValue)
                                allTrainResultDic[trainSchedule] = trainResult
                            else:
                                #self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:车次: %s 无途径南京站信息，跳过" % trainSchedule)
                                continue
                    else:
                        self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:车次: %s 检查返回数据状态码不为0，跳过" % trainSchedule)
                        continue
                except:
                    self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:车次：%s 返回的json串失败 "% trainSchedule)
            else:
                self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:车次: %s 查询接口返回信息为空，已跳过"%trainSchedule)
                continue
        print(allTrainResultDic)

4.组装结果、界面输出

        #组装结果界面输出
        self.result_data_Text.delete(1.0, END)
        head = "车次    南京到达站    到站时间    离站时间     类型"
        self.result_data_Text.insert(1.0, head)
        for train in allTrainResultDic.keys():
            outMsg = "\n" + "-" * 52 + "\n" + "%4s"%train + "%9s"%allTrainResultDic[train][0] + "%13s"%allTrainResultDic[train][1] + "%12s"%allTrainResultDic[train][2] + "%8s"%allTrainResultDic[train][3]
            self.result_data_Text.insert(END,outMsg)
        self.write_log_to_Text("INFO：获取火车至南京信息完成")

完成。最终感叹，调接口确实比自己爬省事多了哈哈哈！  ヾ(◍°∇°◍)ﾉﾞ

END

2017.12.20

交作业了，妹子很喜欢！nice！