Grafana + Prometheus 监控PostgreSQL
效果图
部署环境
| 服务器名称 | IP地址 | 监控指标 | 部署agent | 备注 |
| sht-sgmhadoopcm-01 | 172.16.101.54 |
OS |
node_exporter | 监控服务器、被监控服务器 |
| sht-sgmhadoopnn-01 | 172.16.101.55 |
OS |
node_exporter | 被监控服务器 |
| sht-sgmhadoopnn-02 | 172.16.101.56 | OS | node_exporter | 被监控服务器 |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-01 | 172.16.101.58 | OS | node_exporter | 被监控服务器 |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02 | 172.16.101.59 | OS | node_exporter | 被监控服务器 |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-03 | 172.16.101.60 |
OS PostgreSQL |
node_exporter postgres_exporter |
被监控服务器 |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-04 | 172.16.101.66 |
OS PostgreSQL |
node_exporter postgres_exporter |
被监控服务器 |
安装目录
grafana /usr/local/grafana
prometheus /usr/local/prometheus
node_exporter /usr/local/prometheus/plugin
postgres_exporter /usr/local/prometheus/plugin/postgres_exporter
软件准备
- grafana
https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-6.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
- Prometheus
- Prometheus agent
node_exporter
postgres_exporter
https://github.com/wrouesnel/postgres_exporter
https://github.com/wrouesnel/postgres_exporter/releases
一 安装步骤
1.监控服务器安装Grafana
# tar -zxf grafana-6.0..linux-amd64.tar.gz
# mv grafana-6.0./* .
# rm -rf grafana-6.0.1*
修改conf/defaults.ini文件部分参数如下
data = /usr/local/grafana/data
logs = /usr/local/grafana/data/log
plugins = /usr/local/grafana/data/plugins
provisioning = /usr/local/grafana/conf/provisioning
启动grafana
# bin/grafana-server &
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默认账号密码admin/admin
2.监控服务器安装prometheus
--web.enable-lifecycle
作用：后期修改参数文件时不需要重启服务，可以通过api重新读取参数文件。
# tar -zxf prometheus-2.8..linux-amd64.tar.gz
# mv prometheus-2.8..linux-amd64/* .
# rm -rf prometheus-2.8.0.linux-amd64*
# ./prometheus --web.enable-lifecycle --web.enable-admin-api &
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3. 各节点安装agent
node_exporter
# tar -zxf node_exporter-0.17..linux-amd64.tar.gz
# mv node_exporter-0.17..linux-amd64 node_exporter
# rm -rf node_exporter-0.17..linux-amd64.tar.gz
# node_exporter/node_exporter &
postgres_exporter
该插件还未集成prometheus官网，需要从github下载.,分别下载源码文件，注意postgres_exporter二进制执行文件并不在该源码包里，需要单独下载。
源码 https://github.com/wrouesnel/postgres_exporter
二进制执行文件https://github.com/wrouesnel/postgres_exporter/releases
加入我自己定义的部分sql到custom.yaml文件
# cp queries.yaml custom.yaml
pg_stat_connetion:
query: "select state,count(*) from pg_stat_activity group by state"
metrics:
- state:
usage: "LABEL"
description: "type of session state"
- num:
usage: "GAUGE"
description: "type of session state" pg_stat_long:
query: "SELECT pid, runtime from (select usename, pid, EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM (now() - query_start))::INT as runtime FROM pg_stat_activity) as ss where runtime > 180 order by runtime desc limit 5"
metrics:
- pid:
usage: "LABEL"
description: "Pid of the client"
- runtime:
usage: "GAUGE"
description: "current transactrion start time"
启动postgres_exporter
# export DATA_SOURCE_NAME="postgresql://dbadmin:1qax2wse@172.16.101.54:5432/postgres?sslmode=disable"
# export PG_EXPORTER_EXTEND_QUERY_PATH="/usr/local/prometheus/plugin/postgres_exporter/custom.yaml"
# ./postgres_exporter &
查看postgre_exporter
4. prometheus添加agent节点
prometheus.yml
# my global config
global:
scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
# scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s). # Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
alertmanagers:
- static_configs:
- targets:
# - alertmanager:9093 # Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
# - "first_rules.yml"
# - "second_rules.yml" # A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
# The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config. - job_name: 'promethus'
static_configs:
- targets: ['172.16.101.54:9090']
labels:
instance: 'sht-sgmhadoopcm-01'
platform: 'sh' - job_name: 'system'
static_configs:
- targets: ['172.16.101.54:9100']
labels:
instance: 'sht-sgmhadoopcm-01'
platform: 'ec2'
- targets: ['172.16.101.55:9100']
labels:
instance: 'sht-sgmhadoopnn-01'
platform: 'ec2'
- targets: ['172.16.101.56:9100']
labels:
instance: 'sht-sgmhadoopnn-02'
platform: 'ec2'
- targets: ['172.16.101.58:9100']
labels:
instance: 'sht-sgmhadoopdn-01'
platform: 'ec2'
- targets: ['172.16.101.59:9100']
labels:
instance: 'sht-sgmhadoopdn-02'
platform: 'ec2'
- targets: ['172.16.101.60:9100']
labels:
instance: 'sht-sgmhadoopdn-03'
platform: 'ec2'
- targets: ['172.16.101.66:9100']
labels:
instance: 'sht-sgmhadoopdn-04'
platform: 'ec2' - job_name: 'postgres'
static_configs:
- targets: ['172.16.101.66:9187']
labels:
instance: 'sht-sgmhadoopdn-04'
platform: 'ec2'
- targets: ['172.16.101.60:9187']
labels:
instance: 'sht-sgmhadoopdn-03'
platform: 'ec2'
重新载入配置文件
# curl -X POST http://172.16.101.54:9090/-/reload
level=info ts=--16T15::.149076153Z caller=main.go: msg="Loading configuration file" filename=prometheus.yml
level=info ts=--16T15::.152481657Z caller=main.go: msg="Completed loading of configuration file" filename=prometheus.yml
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二. 部署grafana
1. 添加prometheus数据源
2.建立dashboard
dashbord名称
添加变量，把改dashborad作为模板使用
变量instance,获得server的node_exporter
变量database，获得server的postgres_exporter
3.添加查询
系统监控
添加row
1）system start time
2）CPU Cores
3）Memory Size
4) CPU Usage (5m)
5) CPU IO Wait (5m)
6) Memory Used
7) Memory Cached
8）System Average Load (1,5,15)
9) DIsk Usage
10) Disk Read/Write IOPS (1m)
数据库监控
添加row
1) PostgreSQL Start Time
2) PostgreSQL Version
3) PostgreSQL Shared_buffers
4) PostgreSQL Effective_cache_size
5) PostgreSQL Work Memory
6) PostgreSQL Max Connections
7) Logging Collector
8) PostgreSQL Fsync
9) PostgreSQL Database Size
10) PostgreSQL Current Sessions
11) PostgreSQL Table Locks
12) PostgreSQL Deadlocks
13) PostgreSQL Longest Transactions
14) Tuple Updated
15) Tuple Deleted
16) Tuple Inserted
17) Cache Hit Rate
18) Checkpoint Stats
{
"__inputs": [
{
"name": "DS_DEV_PROMETHEUS",
"label": "DEV_Prometheus",
"description": "",
"type": "datasource",
"pluginId": "prometheus",
"pluginName": "Prometheus"
}
],
"__requires": [
{
"type": "panel",
"id": "gauge",
"name": "Gauge",
"version": ""
},
{
"type": "grafana",
"id": "grafana",
"name": "Grafana",
"version": "6.0.1"
},
{
"type": "panel",
"id": "graph",
"name": "Graph",
"version": "5.0.0"
},
{
"type": "datasource",
"id": "prometheus",
"name": "Prometheus",
"version": "5.0.0"
},
{
"type": "panel",
"id": "singlestat",
"name": "Singlestat",
"version": "5.0.0"
},
{
"type": "panel",
"id": "table",
"name": "Table",
"version": "5.0.0"
}
],
"annotations": {
"list": [
{
"builtIn": 1,
"datasource": "-- Grafana --",
"enable": true,
"hide": true,
"iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
"name": "Annotations & Alerts",
"type": "dashboard"
}
]
},
"editable": true,
"gnetId": null,
"graphTooltip": 0,
"id": null,
"iteration": 1552826976555,
"links": [],
"panels": [
{
"collapsed": false,
"gridPos": {
"h": 1,
"w": 24,
"x": 0,
"y": 0
},
"id": 21,
"panels": [],
"title": "==============================System Summary==============================",
"type": "row"
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorValue": false,
"colors": [
"#299c46",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"#d44a3a"
],
"datasource": "${DS_DEV_PROMETHEUS}",
"format": "dateTimeAsIso",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"show": false,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 3,
"x": 0,
"y": 1
},
"id": 2,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"nullPointMode": "connected",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "50%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": false
},
"tableColumn": "",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "node_boot_time_seconds{instance=\"$server\"} * 1000",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "System Uptime(days)",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"thresholds": "",
"timeFrom": null,
"timeShift": null,
"title": "System Start Time",
"type": "singlestat",
"valueFontSize": "80%",
"valueMaps": [
{
"op": "=",
"text": "N/A",
"value": "null"
}
],
"valueName": "current"
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorValue": false,
"colors": [
"#299c46",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"#d44a3a"
],
"datasource": "${DS_DEV_PROMETHEUS}",
"format": "none",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"show": false,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 3,
"w": 2,
"x": 3,
"y": 1
},
"id": 4,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"nullPointMode": "connected",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "50%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": false
},
"tableColumn": "",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "count(count(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=\"$server\", mode='system'}) by (cpu))",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"thresholds": "",
"timeFrom": null,
"timeShift": null,
"title": "CPU Cores",
"type": "singlestat",
"valueFontSize": "120%",
"valueMaps": [
{
"op": "=",
"text": "N/A",
"value": "null"
}
],
"valueName": "current"
},
{
"datasource": "${DS_DEV_PROMETHEUS}",
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 3,
"x": 5,
"y": 1
},
"id": 8,
"links": [],
"options": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"showThresholdLabels": true,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"thresholds": [
{
"color": "#7EB26D",
"index": 0,
"value": null
},
{
"color": "#FA6400",
"index": 1,
"value": 30
},
{
"color": "#C4162A",
"index": 2,
"value": 70
}
],
"valueMappings": [],
"valueOptions": {
"decimals": 2,
"prefix": "",
"stat": "current",
"suffix": "",
"unit": "percent"
}
},
"targets": [
{
"expr": "100 - (avg(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=\"$server\",mode=\"idle\"}[5m])) * 100)",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"timeFrom": null,
"timeShift": null,
"title": "CPU Usage (5m)",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": "${DS_DEV_PROMETHEUS}",
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 3,
"x": 8,
"y": 1
},
"id": 10,
"links": [],
"options": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"showThresholdLabels": true,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"thresholds": [
{
"color": "#7EB26D",
"index": 0,
"value": null
},
{
"color": "#FA6400",
"index": 1,
"value": 30
},
{
"color": "#C4162A",
"index": 2,
"value": 50
}
],
"valueMappings": [],
"valueOptions": {
"decimals": 2,
"prefix": "",
"stat": "current",
"suffix": "",
"unit": "percent"
}
},
"targets": [
{
"expr": "avg(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=\"$server\",mode=\"iowait\"}[5m])) * 100",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"timeFrom": null,
"timeShift": null,
"title": "CPU IO Wait (5m)",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": "${DS_DEV_PROMETHEUS}",
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 3,
"x": 11,
"y": 1
},
"id": 12,
"links": [],
"options": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"showThresholdLabels": false,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"thresholds": [
{
"color": "#7EB26D",
"index": 0,
"value": null
},
{
"color": "#FA6400",
"index": 1,
"value": 80
},
{
"color": "#C4162A",
"index": 2,
"value": 90
}
],
"valueMappings": [],
"valueOptions": {
"decimals": null,
"prefix": "",
"stat": "current",
"suffix": "",
"unit": "percent"
}
},
"targets": [
{
"expr": "(node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{instance=\"$server\"} - (node_memory_MemFree_bytes{instance=\"$server\"} + node_memory_Buffers_bytes{instance=\"$server\"} + node_memory_Cached_bytes{instance=\"$server\"})) / node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{instance=\"$server\"} * 100",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"timeFrom": null,
"timeShift": null,
"title": "Memory Used",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": "${DS_DEV_PROMETHEUS}",
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 3,
"x": 14,
"y": 1
},
"id": 13,
"links": [],
"options": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"showThresholdLabels": false,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"thresholds": [
{
"color": "#C4162A",
"index": 0,
"value": null
},
{
"color": "#FA6400",
"index": 1,
"value": 20
},
{
"color": "#37872D",
"index": 2,
"value": 50
}
],
"valueMappings": [],
"valueOptions": {
"decimals": 2,
"prefix": "",
"stat": "current",
"suffix": "",
"unit": "percent"
}
},
"targets": [
{
"expr": "(node_memory_Cached_bytes{instance=\"$server\"} * 100) / node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{instance=\"$server\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"timeFrom": null,
"timeShift": null,
"title": "Memory Cached",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"aliasColors": {},
"bars": false,
"dashLength": 10,
"dashes": false,
"datasource": "${DS_DEV_PROMETHEUS}",
"fill": 1,
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 7,
"x": 17,
"y": 1
},
"id": 15,
"legend": {
"alignAsTable": true,
"avg": false,
"current": true,
"max": true,
"min": false,
"rightSide": true,
"show": true,
"total": false,
"values": true
},
"lines": true,
"linewidth": 1,
"links": [],
"nullPointMode": "null",
"paceLength": 10,
"percentage": false,
"pointradius": 2,
"points": false,
"renderer": "flot",
"seriesOverrides": [],
"stack": false,
"steppedLine": false,
"targets": [
{
"expr": "node_load1{instance=\"$server\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "1m",
"refId": "A"
},
{
"expr": "node_load5{instance=\"$server\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "5m",
"refId": "B"
},
{
"expr": "node_load15{instance=\"$server\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "15m",
"refId": "C"
}
],
"thresholds": [],
"timeFrom": null,
"timeRegions": [],
"timeShift": null,
"title": "System Average Load (1,5,15) ",
"tooltip": {
"shared": true,
"sort": 0,
"value_type": "individual"
},
"type": "graph",
"xaxis": {
"buckets": null,
"mode": "time",
"name": null,
"show": true,
"values": []
},
"yaxes": [
{
"format": "short",
"label": null,
"logBase": 1,
"max": null,
"min": null,
"show": true
},
{
"format": "short",
"label": null,
"logBase": 1,
"max": null,
"min": null,
"show": true
}
],
"yaxis": {
"align": false,
"alignLevel": null
}
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorValue": false,
"colors": [
"#299c46",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"#d44a3a"
],
"datasource": "${DS_DEV_PROMETHEUS}",
"format": "bytes",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"show": false,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 3,
"w": 2,
"x": 3,
"y": 4
},
"id": 6,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"nullPointMode": "connected",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "50%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": false
},
"tableColumn": "",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{instance=\"$server\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"thresholds": "",
"timeFrom": null,
"timeShift": null,
"title": "Memory Size",
"type": "singlestat",
"valueFontSize": "80%",
"valueMaps": [
{
"op": "=",
"text": "N/A",
"value": "null"
}
],
"valueName": "current"
},
{
"columns": [],
"datasource": "${DS_DEV_PROMETHEUS}",
"fontSize": "100%",
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 11,
"x": 0,
"y": 7
},
"id": 17,
"links": [],
"pageSize": null,
"scroll": true,
"showHeader": true,
"sort": {
"col": 9,
"desc": false
},
"styles": [
{
"alias": "Available Size",
"colorMode": "cell",
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"decimals": 1,
"link": false,
"pattern": "Value #A",
"thresholds": [
"1000000000",
"5000000000"
],
"type": "number",
"unit": "bytes"
},
{
"alias": "Size Used Percent ",
"colorMode": "cell",
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 1,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #B",
"thresholds": [
"0.8",
"0.9"
],
"type": "number",
"unit": "percentunit"
},
{
"alias": "Total Size",
"colorMode": null,
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 0,
"mappingType": 1,
"pattern": "Value #C",
"thresholds": [],
"type": "number",
"unit": "bytes"
},
{
"alias": "FIle System",
"colorMode": null,
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
"decimals": 2,
"mappingType": 1,
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