SQL 报表 --简易进销系统

模型图：

--  ============================================

--  Author:    lifu

--  Create Date: 2017-06-18

--  Descrpition: 简化进销系统  报表制作

--  ============================================

--  Tables And Data Start ======================

CREATE DATABASE SimpleEntrySystem

GO

USE SimpleEntrySystem

GO

--创建T_Person表  人员表

CREATE TABLE T_Person

(

  FId VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,

  FNumber VARCHAR(20) ,     --人员工号

  FName VARCHAR(20) ,        --人员姓名

  FManagerId VARCHAR(20) ,    --上级主管主键（指向T_Person表的 FId字段的外键）

  PRIMARY KEY ( FId ) ,

  FOREIGN KEY ( FManagerId ) REFERENCES T_Person ( Fid )

)

--创建T_Merchandise表  商品表

CREATE TABLE T_Merchandise

(

  FId VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,

  FNumber VARCHAR(20) ,        --商品编号

  FName VARCHAR(20) ,        --商品名

  FPrice INT ,                --商品价格

  PRIMARY KEY ( fid )

)

--创建T_SaleBill表  销售单主表

CREATE TABLE T_SaleBill

(

  FId VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,

  FNumber VARCHAR(20) ,        --销售单编号

  FBillMakerId VARCHAR(20) ,--开单人主键（指向T_Person表的 FId字段的外键）

  FMakeDate DATETIME ,        --制单日期

  FConfirmDate DATETIME ,    --确认日期

  PRIMARY KEY ( fid ) ,

  FOREIGN KEY ( Fbillmakerid ) REFERENCES T_Person ( fid )

)

--创建T_SaleBillDetail表  销售单明细记录

CREATE TABLE T_SaleBillDetail

(

  FId VARCHAR(20) ,

  FBillId VARCHAR(20) ,        --主表主键（指向 T_SaleBill 表的 FId 字段的外键）

  FMerchandiseId VARCHAR(20) , --商品主键（指向T_Merchandise表的FId字段的外键）

  FCount INT ,                --销售数量

  PRIMARY KEY ( fid ) ,

  FOREIGN KEY ( Fbillid ) REFERENCES T_SaleBill ( fid ) ,

  FOREIGN KEY ( Fmerchandiseid ) REFERENCES T_Merchandise ( fid )

)

--创建T_PurchaseBill表   采购单主表

CREATE TABLE T_PurchaseBill

(

  Fid VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,

  FNumber VARCHAR(20) ,        --采购单编号

  FBillMakerId VARCHAR(20) ,--开单人主键（指向T_Person表的FId字段的外键）

  FMakeDate DATETIME ,        --制单日期

  FConfirmDate DATETIME ,    --确认日期

  PRIMARY KEY ( fid ) ,

  FOREIGN KEY ( FBillMakerId ) REFERENCES T_Person ( fid )

)

--创建T_PurchaseBillDetail表  采购单明细记录

CREATE  TABLE T_PurchaseBillDetail

(

  FId VARCHAR(20) NOT  NULL ,

  FBillId VARCHAR(20) ,        --主表主键（指向T_PurchaseBill表的FId字段的外键）

  FMerchandiseId VARCHAR(20) ,--商品主键（指向T_Merchandise表的FId字段的外键）

  FCount INT ,                --采购数量

  PRIMARY KEY ( FId ) ,

  FOREIGN KEY ( FBillId ) REFERENCES T_PurchaseBill ( FId ) ,

  FOREIGN  KEY ( FMerchandiseId ) REFERENCES T_Merchandise ( FId )

)

--首先向T_Person、T_Merchandise两张表中插入演示数据：

INSERT  INTO T_Person ( FId, FNumber, FName, FManagerId )

VALUES  ( '', '', 'Robert', NULL )

INSERT  INTO T_Person ( FId, FNumber, FName, FManagerId )

VALUES  ( '', '', 'John', '' )

INSERT  INTO T_Person ( FId, FNumber, FName, FManagerId )

VALUES  ( '', '', 'Tom', '' )

INSERT  INTO T_Person ( FId, FNumber, FName, FManagerId )

VALUES  ( '', '', 'Jim', '' )

INSERT  INTO T_Person ( FId, FNumber, FName, FManagerId )

VALUES  ( '', '', 'Lily', '' )

INSERT  INTO T_Person ( FId, FNumber, FName, FManagerId )

VALUES  ( '', '', 'Merry', '' )

INSERT  INTO T_Merchandise ( FId, FNumber, FName, FPrice )

VALUES  ( '', '', 'Bacon', 30 )

INSERT  INTO T_Merchandise ( FId, FNumber, FName, FPrice )

VALUES  ( '', '', 'Cake', 2 )

INSERT  INTO T_Merchandise ( FId, FNumber, FName, FPrice )

VALUES  ( '', '', 'Apple', 6 )

--  还要向T_SaleBill和T_PurchaseBill表中插入演示数据：

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate, FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', '2007-03-15', '2007-05-15' )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate, FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', NULL, '2006-01-25', '2006-02-03' )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate, FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', '2006-02-12', '2007-01-11' )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate, FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', '2008-05-25', '2008-06-15' )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate, FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', '2008-03-17', '2007-04-15' )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate, FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', '2002-02-03', '2007-11-11' )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate,

                              FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', '2007-02-15', '2007-02-15' )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate,

                              FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', '2003-02-25', '2006-03-03' )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate,

                              FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', '2007-02-12', '2007-07-12' )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate,

                              FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', '2007-05-25', '2007-06-15' )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate,

                              FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', '2007-03-17', '2007-04-15' )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBill ( FId, FNumber, FBillMakerId, FMakeDate,

                              FConfirmDate )

VALUES  ( '', '', NULL, '2006-02-03', '2006-11-20' )

--  向T_SaleBillDetail表和T_PurchaseBillDetail表中插入演示数据：

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 20 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 30 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 22 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 12 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 11 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 60 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 2 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 5 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 16 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 8 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 9 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 6 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 26 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 66 )

INSERT  INTO T_SaleBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 518 ) 

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 12 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 20 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 32 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 18 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 88 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 19 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 6 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 2 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 20 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 18 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 19 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 26 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 3 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 22 )

INSERT  INTO T_PurchaseBillDetail ( FId, FBillId, FMerchandiseId, FCount )

VALUES  ( '', '', '', 168 ) 

--  Tables And Data End =======================

--  报表===================================================================

USE [SimpleEntrySystem]

GO

--  显示制单人详细信息

SELECT  [FNumber], [FBillMakerId], [FMakeDate]

FROM    [dbo].[T_SaleBill]

    --inner join   需要知道是哪个人开的单

SELECT  [s].[FNumber], [p].[FName], [s].[FMakeDate]

FROM    [dbo].[T_SaleBill] AS [s]

        INNER JOIN [dbo].[T_Person] AS [p] ON [s].[FBillMakerId] = [p].[FId]

    --left outer join    需要将空的开单人标识

SELECT  [s].[FNumber], COALESCE([p].[FName], '没有开单人'), [s].[FMakeDate]

FROM    [dbo].[T_SaleBill] AS [s]

        LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[T_Person] AS [p] ON [s].[FBillMakerId] = [p].[FId]

--    显示销售单的信息

/*

    要求列出所有销售单的详细信息，每行显示销售单的每一条销售记录，同时每行头部要

显示此行所属的销售单的信息，比如单号、开单人、开单日期等。T_SaleBillDetail表保存的

是销售单的每一条销售记录，T_SaleBill表保存的是销售单的头信息，T_SaleBillDetail表的

FMerchandiseId字段保存的是销售的商品主键，而 T_SaleBill表的 FBillMakerId字段保存的

是开单人的主键，只要对这四张表做连接查询即可。由于 T_SaleBill表的 FBillMakerId字段

有可能为空，所以在 T_SaleBill 表和 T_Person 表进行连接的时候要使用左外连接，而为了

提高查询效率其他连接都使用内连接

*/

SELECT  [saleBill].[FNumber] AS '销售单编号',

        COALESCE([person].[FName], '没有开单人') AS '开单人',

        [saleBill].[FMakeDate] AS '销售时间', [merchandise].[FName] AS '商品名称',

        [saleBillDetail].[FCount] AS '销售数量'

FROM    [dbo].[T_SaleBill] AS [saleBill]

        LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[T_Person] AS [person] ON [saleBill].[FBillMakerId] = [person].[FId]

        INNER JOIN [dbo].[T_SaleBillDetail] AS [saleBillDetail] ON saleBillDetail.[FBillId] = [saleBill].[FId]

        INNER JOIN [dbo].[T_Merchandise] AS [merchandise] ON [merchandise].[FId] = [saleBillDetail].[FMerchandiseId]

ORDER BY [saleBill].[FMakeDate] DESC

--收益计算

/*

    要求计算每种商品的总收益， 受收益的定义为所有的销售单中该商品的销售总额减去所

有的采购单中该商品的购买总额。

*/

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--销售额

SELECT  [m].[FName] AS '商品名称', [m].[FPrice] * [sbd].[FCount] AS '销售额'

FROM    [dbo].[T_Merchandise] AS [m]

        INNER JOIN [dbo].[T_SaleBillDetail] AS [sbd] ON [m].[FId] = [sbd].[FMerchandiseId]

UNION ALL

--采购额

SELECT  [m].[FName] AS '商品名称', [m].[FPrice] * [pbd].[FCount] * ( -1 ) AS '采购额'

FROM    [dbo].[T_Merchandise] AS [m]

        INNER JOIN [dbo].[T_PurchaseBillDetail] AS [pbd] ON [m].[FId] = [pbd].[FMerchandiseId]

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------       

--将采购和销售计算合并

SELECT  [detail].[FName], SUM([detail].[总额])

FROM    ( SELECT    [m].[FName] ,

                    [m].[FPrice] * [sbd].[FCount] AS '总额'

          FROM      [dbo].[T_Merchandise] AS [m]

                    INNER JOIN [dbo].[T_SaleBillDetail] AS [sbd] ON [m].[FId] = [sbd].[FMerchandiseId]

          UNION ALL

          SELECT    [m].[FName] ,

                    [m].[FPrice] * [pbd].[FCount] * ( -1 ) AS '总额'

          FROM      [dbo].[T_Merchandise] AS [m]

                    INNER JOIN [dbo].[T_PurchaseBillDetail] AS [pbd] ON [m].[FId] = [pbd].[FMerchandiseId]

        ) AS detail

GROUP BY  [detail].[FName]

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SQL 报表 --简易进销系统

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