题意

Given an array S of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in S such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.

找出一个数组中的三个数,使这三个数的和为0。输出所有的组合,不能重复。

解法

最简单的思路就是跑一个三层循环,暴力枚举所有组合,很显然会超时。

然后考虑排序后跑两层循环,第三层改用二分查找,即确定前两个数后用二分来搜第三个数,时间复杂度降到了O(logN * N^2),还是会超时。

最后,采用了Two Sum这一题的办法,遍历第一个数,然后剩下的两个数用双指针算法来找,这样时间复杂度就降到了O(N^2)

还有一个问题是判重,这里采用的办法是将三个数拼接起来成为一个数,比如【-1,0,1】就被保存成-101,用Long Long来存,然后放到一个Map里,每次选取新答案时都判断一下这样的组合是不是能在Map里找到。

class Solution
{
public:
vector<vector<int>> threeSum(vector<int>& nums)
{
map<long long,bool> vis;
sort(nums.begin(),nums.end()); vector<vector<int>> rt;
for(int i = 0;i < nums.size();i ++)
{
if(nums[i] > 0)
break;
int j = i + 1;
int k = nums.size() - 1;
while(j < k)
{
if(nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[k] == 0)
{
long long box = abs(nums[i]); // 判重
int temp = abs(nums[j]);
while(temp)
{
box *= 10;
temp /= 10;
}
box += abs(nums[j]);
temp = abs(nums[k]);
while(temp)
{
box *= 10;
temp /= 10;
}
box += abs(nums[k]);
if(nums[i] * nums[j] * nums[k] < 0)
box = -box; if(vis.find(box) == vis.end())
{
vis[box] = true;
rt.push_back({nums[i],nums[j],nums[k]});
}
j ++;
} if(nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[k] < 0)
j ++;
else if(nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[k] > 0)
k --;
}
}
return rt;
}
};

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