[BlueZ] 2、使用bluetoothctl搜索、连接、配对、读写、使能notify蓝牙低功耗设备

星期三, 05. 九月 2018 02:03上午 - beautifulzzzz

1、前言
2、gatttool —— 老工具趟坑
3、bluetoothctl——NB的新工具
LINKS

1、前言

上一篇讲了如何编译安装BlueZ-5，本篇主要在于玩BlueZ，用命令行去操作BLE设备：

[BlueZ] 1、Download install and use the BlueZ and hcitool on PI 3B+

2、gatttool —— 老工具趟坑

刚开始跟着 Get Started with Bluetooth Low Energy on Linux 操作gatttool，发现坑太多（主要原因是工具老了）：

采用sudo gatttool -b 4D:69:98:0E:91:5E -I 去连接

发现会报错：Error: connect error: Connection refused (111)

最终参考LINK-11发现需要加random选项^{(#1)^：}

➜  ~  sudo gatttool -b 4D:69:98:0E:91:5E -I

[4D:69:98:0E:91:5E][LE]> connect

Attempting to connect to 4D:69:98:0E:91:5E

Error: connect error: Connection refused (111)

[4D:69:98:0E:91:5E][LE]> exit

➜  ~  sudo gatttool  -t random  -b 4D:69:98:0E:91:5E -I

[4D:69:98:0E:91:5E][LE]> connect

Attempting to connect to 4D:69:98:0E:91:5E

Connection successful

[4D:69:98:0E:91:5E][LE]>

(gatttool:3104): GLib-WARNING **: Invalid file descriptor.

过一回会10S自动断开，网上说这个工具老了，不建议用了^{(#2)^:}

There are new tools to use with GATT, bluetoothctl/bluetoothd is the preferred since with that you have GAP, etc,

but if want to use a stand alone tool then I suggest you use btgatt-client.

3、bluetoothctl——NB的新工具

命令行进入bluetoothctl操作环境^{(#6)^：}

bluetoothctl

我在手机上用lightblue模拟一个BLE设备ty_prod，之后对其service进行修改，调用scan on进行搜索还是老的，

最终发现要先用remove移除之前的设备，之后再scan就会出现[NEW] Device 72:3B:E1:81:4E:4F ty_prod设备

注：用lightblue模拟的设备的MAC不是固定的

注：我发现在lightblue中无论怎么模拟BLE设备，一旦被连上搜索到的service都是IPone的

[bluetooth]# devices

Device 28:ED:6A:A0:26:B7 ty_prod

Device 58:71:33:00:00:24 Bluetooth Keyboard

Device 00:1A:7D:DA:71:0A SHEN-PC

Device 94:87:E0:B3:AC:6F Mi Phone

[bluetooth]# remove 28:ED:6A:A0:26:B7

...

[bluetooth]# scan on

Discovery started

[NEW] Device 72:3B:E1:81:4E:4F ty_prod

[bluetooth]# scan off

...

Discovery stopped

[bluetooth]# connect 72:3B:E1:81:4E:4F

Attempting to connect to 72:3B:E1:81:4E:4F

[CHG] Device 72:3B:E1:81:4E:4F Connected: yes

Connection successful

[ty_prod]

索性就用IPhone自带的服务做测试了~

[ty_prod]# info

Device 28:ED:6A:A0:26:B7 (public)

	Name: tuya_mdev_test

	Alias: tuya_mdev_test

	Appearance: 0x0040

	Icon: phone

	Paired: yes

	Trusted: no

	Blocked: no

	Connected: yes

	LegacyPairing: no

	UUID: Fax                       (00001111-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)

	UUID: Generic Access Profile    (00001800-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)

	UUID: Generic Attribute Profile (00001801-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)

	UUID: Current Time Service      (00001805-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)

	UUID: Device Information        (0000180a-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)

	UUID: Battery Service           (0000180f-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)

	UUID: Vendor specific           (7905f431-b5ce-4e99-a40f-4b1e122d00d0)

	UUID: Vendor specific           (89d3502b-0f36-433a-8ef4-c502ad55f8dc)

	UUID: Vendor specific           (9fa480e0-4967-4542-9390-d343dc5d04ae)

	UUID: Vendor specific           (d0611e78-bbb4-4591-a5f8-487910ae4366)

[CHG] Device 28:ED:6A:A0:26:B7 ServicesResolved: no

[CHG] Device 28:ED:6A:A0:26:B7 Connected: no

我们用Current Time Service，列出所有attributes操作如下：

[tuya_mdev_test]# menu gatt

[tuya_mdev_test]# list-attributes 28:ED:6A:A0:26:B7

...

Primary Service

	/org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0041

	00001805-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb

	Current Time Service

Characteristic

	/org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0041/char0045

	00002a0f-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb

	Local Time Information

Characteristic

	/org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0041/char0042

	00002a2b-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb

	Current Time

Descriptor

	/org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0041/char0042/desc0044

	00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb

	Client Characteristic Configuration

...

上面Current Time Service对应的服务如下图：

我们选择Current Time进行操作UUID：0x2A2B

[ty_prod]# select-attribute /org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0041/char0042

[tuya_mdev_test:/service0041/char0042]# read

Attempting to read /org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0041/char0042

[CHG] Attribute /org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0041/char0042 Value:

  e2 07 09 05 01 24 11 03 f1 02                    .....$....

  e2 07 09 05 01 24 11 03 f1 02                    .....$....

[tuya_mdev_test:/service0041/char0042]# attribute-info

Characteristic - Current Time

	UUID: 00002a2b-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb

	Service: /org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0041

	Value:

  e2 07 09 05 01 2e 01 03 f5 02                    ..........

	Notifying: yes

	Flags: read

	Flags: notify

读出结果大致意思应该是：2018-9/5-1:36:17 周三

读取一下0x180A的Device Information:

[tuya_mdev_test:/service0006/char0007]# select-attribute /org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0047/char004a

[tuya_mdev_test:/service0047/char004a]# attribute-info

Characteristic - Model Number String

	UUID: 00002a24-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb

	Service: /org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0047

	Flags: read

[tuya_mdev_test:/service0047/char004a]# read

Attempting to read /org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0047/char004a

[CHG] Attribute /org/bluez/hci0/dev_47_B1_26_C1_81_18/service0047/char004a Value:

  69 50 68 6f 6e 65 36 2c 32                       iPhone6,2

  69 50 68 6f 6e 65 36 2c 32                       iPhone6,2

当然写、使能notify也很简单，看help即可。最后断开连接、并退出！！！

[tuya_mdev_test:/service0047/char004a]# disconnect 28:ED:6A:A0:26:B7

Attempting to disconnect from 28:ED:6A:A0:26:B7

[CHG] Device 28:ED:6A:A0:26:B7 ServicesResolved: no

Successful disconnected

[CHG] Device 28:ED:6A:A0:26:B7 Connected: no

[bluetooth]# quit

LINKS

[1].Cannot connect to BLE device on Raspberry Pi

[2].Invalid file descriptor gatttool of bluez 5.32

[3].Get Started with Bluetooth Low Energy on Linux

[4].Reverse Engineering a Bluetooth Low Energy Light Bulb

[5].Doing Bluetooth Low Energy on Linux

[6].Tutorial: BLE Pairing the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B with Hexiwear

@beautifulzzzz

智能硬件、物联网，热爱技术，关注产品

博客：http://blog.beautifulzzzz.com

园友交流群：414948975