rabbitmq高可用集群搭建

需求分析基本情况

在进行RabbitMQ搭建时，我们基于现有的连接数据和业务需求进行了深入分析。目前的统计数据显示，连接数为631，队列数为80418。为了确保业务需求的顺利满足，我们需要在云产品和自建RabbitMQ消息队列服务之间做出选择。

经过比较发现，即使选择腾讯云的最高规格配置，其Queue数也难以满足我们的需求，并且成本相对较高。因此，我们决定搭建自建服务。为此，计划使用三台配置为8核 16GB 100GB 5Mbps / 标准型SA5的服务器节点，构建一个高可靠性集群，以确保系统的稳定性和可靠性。

腾讯云:

节点规格	2核4G	4核12G	8核24G	16核32G
消息 TPS(生产+消费)	600~1000	2100~3500	4200~7000	9000~15000
最大queue数量	100	200	300	800
最大连接数	500	2500	4000	8000
费用/月	2028	3537	6930	13434

自建服务:

序号	节点1	节点2	节点3	费用/月
业务新选型	8核 16GB 100GB 5Mbps /标准型SA5	8核 16GB 100GB 5Mbps /标准型SA5	8核 16GB 100GB 5Mbps /标准型SA5	2485.2

需求变动:

前期功能业务体谅小基于目前的现状考虑，并且不影响未来的扩容的情况下的方案节点规格收容 4核8G内150GB硬(50G系统盘+100G数据盘)/标准型SA5,以及搭建实现和优化需求：

1、 集群建设

2、 实现高可用

3、 节点只运行rabbitmq,所以内存阀值调制总在比的70%

rabbimtmq集群搭建

系统均使用CentOS7.9

节点名称	节点IP	rabbitmq版本	docker/compose	规格	数据盘
pos_rabbitmq_1	172.17.80.27	3.8-manageme	18.03.1/1.29.2	4核8G50GB	100GB
pos_rabbitmq_2	172.17.80.32	3.8-manageme	18.03.1/1.29.2	4核8G50GB	100GB
pos_rabbitmq_1	172.17.80.6	3.8-manageme	18.03.1/1.29.2	4核8G50GB	100GB

腾讯云申请三台实例节点

初始化三台实例主机

hostnamectl set-hostname POS_Rabbitmq_1
bash init.sh

init.sh 脚步内容,腾讯云内置了自己的yum源,可以不需要替换

yum clean all && yum makecache
yum install  telnet curl wget lrzsz net-tools vim unzip zip  htop tree -y 

echo "=====系统环境初始化脚本====="
echo "1.关闭防火墙与SELinux"
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
sed -i '/SELINUX/{s/enforcing/disabled/}' /etc/selinux/config

echo "2.设置系统最大打开文件数"
if ! grep "* soft nofile 65535" /etc/security/limits.conf &>/dev/null; then
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF
* soft nofile 65535   #软限制
* hard nofile 65535   #硬限制
EOF
fi

echo "3.系统内核优化"
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1             #防范SYN洪水攻击，0为关闭
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 20480     #此项参数可以控制TIME_WAIT套接字的最大数量，避免Squid服务器被大量的TIME_WAIT套接字拖死
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 20480    #表示SYN队列的长度，默认为1024，加大队列长度为8192，可以容纳更多等待连接的网络连接数
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144    #每个网络接口 接受数据包的速率比内核处理这些包的速率快时，允许发送到队列的数据包的最大数目
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 20           #FIN-WAIT-2状态的超时时间，避免内核崩溃
EOF

echo "4.减少SWAP使用"
echo "0" > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

echo "5.安装系统性能分析工具及其他"
yum install -y gcc make autoconf vim sysstat net-tools iostat  lrzsz

格式化数据磁盘

数据盘默认给的是一个空盘需要直接格式化在挂载,在对安全数据要求比较严苛的环境中可以组RAID,这里直接格式化挂载

mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb
mount /dev/vdb /data
echo "/dev/vdb /data ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
mount -a

mkdir -p   /data/{apd,logs,prog,setup,backup,www}
tee  /data/README.md << EOF
/data/
|-- apd         数据目录入口
|-- backup      数据缓存目录
|-- logs        日志目录
|-- prog        应用程序目录
|-- setup       程序下载目录
|-- www         网站的存放目录
EOF

安装docker,compose

三台实例主机安装docker、docker-compose 版本18.03.1、1.29.2

# step 1: 安装必要的一些系统工具
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git htop

# Step 2: 添加软件源信息
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

# Step 3
sudo sed -i 's+download.docker.com+mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce+' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

# Step 4: 更新并安装Docker-CE
sudo yum makecache fast
yum -y install docker-ce-18.03.1.ce

# 安装指定版本的Docker-CE:
# Step 1: 查找Docker-CE的版本:
# yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r
# Step2: 安装指定版本的Docker-CE: (VERSION例如上面的17.03.0.ce.1-1.el7.centos)
# sudo yum -y install docker-ce-[VERSION]

# Step 5: 设置开机自启并且启动docker服务
systemctl enable --now docker

配置docker镜像加速器

mkdir -p /etc/docker
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://rbmo5xql.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
  "log-driver":"json-file",
  "bip": "192.168.1.5/24",
  "log-opts": { "max-size": "50m", "max-file": "1" }
}
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart docker

下载docker-compose

cd /data/setup

wget -O  https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-Linux-x86_64

mv docker-compose-Linux-x86_64  docker-compose

chmod +x docker-compose 

cp /data/setup/docker-compose /usr/local/bin/

ln -sf /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose

docker-compose -v
# docker-compose version 1.29.2, build 5becea4c

部署rabbitmq集群

使用rabbitmq:3.8-management镜像,rabbitmq:3.8-management-apline包有高危漏洞[hub.docker.com官网查询](https://hub.docker.com/_/rabbitmq/tags?page=&page_size=&ordering=&name=3.8-managemen)

Step1 三台主机拉取rabbitmq镜像

[root@pos_rabbitmq_1 /data/setup/public/rabbitmq/mq_1] eth0 = 172.17.80.27
# docker pull rabbitmq:3.8-management

[root@pos_rabbitmq_2 /data/setup/public/rabbitmq/mq_2] eth0 = 172.17.80.32
# docker pull rabbitmq:3.8-management

[root@pos_rabbitmq_3 /data/setup/public/rabbitmq/mq_3] eth0 = 172.17.80.6
# docker pull rabbitmq:3.8-management

Step2 获取cookie

之前cookie可以在获取后写入docker-comose_env中定义,但是被该方法以被弃用,所以使用挂载的方式

# Step 2: 获取cookie
[root@pos_rabbitmq_3 /data/setup/public/rabbitmq/mq_3] eth0 = 172.17.80.6
# cat > rabbitmq-cookie.sh << eof
docker run -d --name mq rabbitmq:3.8-management
sleep 10
docker exec -it mq cat /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie > .erlang.cookie
chmod 600 .erlang.cookie
docker rm -f mq
docker volume prune
eof

[root@pos_rabbitmq_3 /data/setup/public/rabbitmq/mq_3] eth0 = 172.17.80.6
# sh rabbitmq-cookie.sh

Step3 rabbitmq搭建集群配置文件

不适用guest用户,使用节点模式加入集群,rabbit@pos_rabbitmq_1,在docker- compose中必须定义pos_rabbitmq_1映射IP,否则无法解析找不到节点

[root@pos_rabbitmq_3 /data/setup/public/rabbitmq/mq_3] eth0 = 172.17.80.6
# cat > rabbitmq.conf << eof
loopback_users.guest = false
listeners.tcp.default = 5672
cluster_formation.peer_discovery_backend = rabbit_peer_discovery_classic_config
cluster_formation.classic_config.nodes.1 = rabbit@pos_rabbitmq_1
cluster_formation.classic_config.nodes.2 = rabbit@pos_rabbitmq_2
cluster_formation.classic_config.nodes.3 = rabbit@pos_rabbitmq_3
eof

Step4 docker-compose

rabbitmq内存使用率默认占比总内存的40%,这里需要修改为70%,env中使用 RABBITMQ_VM_MEMORY_HIGH_WATERMARK定义设置

pos_rabbitmq_1 中docker-compose.yaml文件

version: "3.6"
services:
 pos_rabbitmq_1:
    image: rabbitmq:3.8-management
    restart: always
    container_name: pos_rabbitmq_1  #每个节点名称修改即可
    network_mode: host
    extra_hosts:
      - "pos_rabbitmq_1:172.17.80.27"
      - "pos_rabbitmq_2:172.17.80.32"
      - "pos_rabbitmq_3:172.17.80.6"
    volumes:
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
      - /data/apd/rabbitmq:/var/lib/rabbitmq
      - ./rabbitmq.conf:/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf
      - .erlang.cookie:/var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie
      - ../enabled_plugins:/etc/rabbitmq/enabled_plugins
      - /data/logs/rabbitmq:/var/log/rabbitmq
    environment:
      - LANG=C.UTF-8
      - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=root
      - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=xxxxxx
      - RABBITMQ_VM_MEMORY_HIGH_WATERMARK=0.7 #内存默认阀值设置

pos_rabbitmq_2 中docker-compose.yaml文件

version: "3.6"
services:
 pos_rabbitmq_1:
    image: rabbitmq:3.8-management
    restart: always
    container_name: pos_rabbitmq_2  #每个节点名称修改即可
    network_mode: host
    extra_hosts:
      - "pos_rabbitmq_1:172.17.80.27"
      - "pos_rabbitmq_2:172.17.80.32"
      - "pos_rabbitmq_3:172.17.80.6"
    volumes:
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
      - /data/apd/rabbitmq:/var/lib/rabbitmq
      - ./rabbitmq.conf:/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf
      - .erlang.cookie:/var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie
      - ../enabled_plugins:/etc/rabbitmq/enabled_plugins
      - /data/logs/rabbitmq:/var/log/rabbitmq
    environment:
      - LANG=C.UTF-8
      - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=root
      - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=xxxxxx
      - RABBITMQ_VM_MEMORY_HIGH_WATERMARK=0.7

pos_rabbitmq_3 中docker-compose.yaml文件

version: "3.6"
services:
 pos_rabbitmq_1:
    image: rabbitmq:3.8-management
    restart: always
    container_name: pos_rabbitmq_3  #每个节点名称修改即可
    network_mode: host
    extra_hosts:
      - "pos_rabbitmq_1:172.17.80.27"
      - "pos_rabbitmq_2:172.17.80.32"
      - "pos_rabbitmq_3:172.17.80.6"
    volumes:
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
      - /data/apd/rabbitmq:/var/lib/rabbitmq
      - ./rabbitmq.conf:/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf
      - .erlang.cookie:/var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie
      - ../enabled_plugins:/etc/rabbitmq/enabled_plugins
      - /data/logs/rabbitmq:/var/log/rabbitmq
    environment:
      - LANG=C.UTF-8
      - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=root
      - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=xxxxxx
      - RABBITMQ_VM_MEMORY_HIGH_WATERMARK=0.7

Step5 启动集群,启动完成后逐步启动过mq2,mq3

# Step 4: 启动集群,启动完成后逐步启动过mq2,mq3
[root@pos_rabbitmq_1 /data/setup/public/rabbitmq/mq_1] eth0 = 172.17.80.27
# docker-compose up -d
Creating pos_rabbitmq_1 ... done

[root@pos_rabbitmq_1 /data/setup/public/rabbitmq/mq_1] eth0 = 172.17.80.27
# docker logs pos_rabbitmq_1 -f
2024-07-30 10:57:54.440 [info] <0.596.0> Server startup complete; 9 plugins started.
 * rabbitmq_federation_management
 * rabbitmq_federation
 * rabbitmq_web_stomp
 * rabbitmq_stomp
 * rabbitmq_web_mqtt
 * rabbitmq_mqtt
 * rabbitmq_management
 * rabbitmq_web_dispatch
 * rabbitmq_management_agent
 completed with 9 plugins.
2024-07-30 10:57:54.440 [info] <0.596.0> Resetting node maintenance status

Step6 集群高可用镜像ha,任意节点执行

[root@pos_rabbitmq_1 /data/setup/public/rabbitmq/mq_1] eth0 = 172.17.80.27
# docker exec -it pos_rabbitmq_1 /bin/bash
root@pos_rabbitmq_1:/# rabbitmqctl set_policy ha-all "^" '{"ha-mode":"all"}'
Setting policy "ha-all" for pattern "^" to "{"ha-mode":"all"}" with priority "0" for vhost "/" ...
root@pos_rabbitmq_1:/# exit
exit

每个节点目录结构及其enabled_plugins安装插件情况如下:

目录结构
[root@pos_rabbitmq_1 /data/setup/public/rabbitmq] eth0 = 172.17.80.27
# tree -a
.
|-- enabled_plugins
|-- mq_1
|   |-- docker-compose.yml
|   |-- .erlang.cookie
|   |-- .rabbitmq.conf
|   `-- rabbitmq.conf
|-- mq_2
|   |-- docker-compose.yml
|   |-- .erlang.cookie
|   `-- rabbitmq.conf
|-- mq_3
|   |-- docker-compose.yml
|   |-- .erlang.cookie
|   `-- rabbitmq.conf
`-- README.md

# cat enabled_plugins
[rabbitmq_federation_management,rabbitmq_management,rabbitmq_mqtt,rabbitmq_web_mqtt,rabbitmq_stomp,rabbitmq_web_stomp].

测试

1. 集群建设

pos_rabbitmq_1、pos_rabbitmq_2、pos_rabbitmq_3以组成集群

2. 实现高可用

集群实现ha镜像高可用,创建队列,镜像备份mq2,mq3

3. 节点只运行rabbitmq,所以内存阀值调制总在比的70%

总运行内存8G,占比70% 可用5.2GB