MVC验证09-使用MVC的Ajax.BeginForm方法实现异步验证

原文:MVC验证09-使用MVC的Ajax.BeginForm方法实现异步验证

MVC中，关于往后台提交的方法有：
1、Html.BeginForm()：同步
2、Ajax.BeginForm()：异步
3、js或jQuery提交后台

本文体验Ajax.BeginForm()方法。

  View model

using System;

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace XHelent.Models

{

    public class Registration : IValidatableObject

    {

        public string RegisrationUniqueId { get; set; }

        [Required]

        [Display(Name = "姓名")]

        public string Name { get; set; }

        [Required]

        [Display(Name = "年龄")]

        public int Age { get; set; }

        public System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<ValidationResult> Validate(ValidationContext validationContext)

        {

            if (Age < 18)

            {

                yield return new ValidationResult("年龄至少18岁以上", new String[]{"Age"});

            }

        }

    }

}

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

让model实现了IValidatableObject，在model层自定义验证逻辑和错误信息。

 

  HomeController

using System.Security.Cryptography;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Mvc;

using XHelent.Models;

namespace XHelent.Controllers

{

    public class HomeController : Controller

    {

        public ActionResult Index()

        {

            return View(new Registration());

        }

        [HttpPost]

        public PartialViewResult Index(Registration model)

        {

            if (ModelState.IsValid)

            {

                RNGCryptoServiceProvider csp = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();

                byte[] registrationBytes = new byte[16];

                csp.GetBytes(registrationBytes);

                model.RegisrationUniqueId = Convert.ToBase64String(registrationBytes);

                return PartialView("Success", model);

            }

            else

            {

                return PartialView("FormContent", model);

            }

        }

    }

}

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

无论验证成功或失败，都返回强类型部分视图。

 

  Home/Index.cshtml视图

@model XHelent.Models.Registration

@{

    ViewBag.Title = "Index";

    Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";

}

<h2>当前时间：@DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString()</h2>

<div id="formContent">

    @{Html.RenderPartial("FormContent");}

</div>

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

  Home/FormContent.cshtml部分视图

@model XHelent.Models.Registration

@{

    AjaxOptions options = new AjaxOptions

    {

        HttpMethod = "Post",

        UpdateTargetId = "formContent" //可忽略

    };

}

<style type="text/css">

    .field-validation-error {

        color: red;

    }

</style>

@using (Ajax.BeginForm(options))

{

    <fieldset>

        <legend>登记</legend>

        <div class="editor-label">

            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Name)

        </div>

        <div class="editor-field">

            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Name)

            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Name)

        </div>

        <div class="editor-label">

            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Age)

        </div>

        <div class="editor-field">

            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Age)

            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Age)

        </div>

        <div>

            <input type="submit" value="登记"/>

        </div>

    </fieldset>

}

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

  Home/Success.cshmtl视图

@model XHelent.Models.Registration

<h2>恭喜，注册成功了！</h2>

<p>注册号为：@Model.RegisrationUniqueId</p>

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

没有填写效果：

 

年龄小于18效果：

 

输入正确效果：

==总结

使用Ajax.BeginForm()虽然可以实现异步提交并验证，但，如果放到后台管理系统的背景下，返回部分视图可能不是很方便。