安装 Laravel 遇到问题？你需要更新 composer.json 文件

转载自 https://9iphp.com/web/laravel/laravel-install-fail-update-composer.html

在使用最新版 Composer 安装 Laravel 的时候，你可能会遇到下面的问题而安装失败：

$ php composer.phar create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel blog
Installing laravel/laravel (v5.2.15)
- Installing laravel/laravel (v5.2.15)
Loading from cache

Created project in blog
> php -r "copy('.env.example', '.env');"
> php artisan clear-compiled
PHP Warning: require(/home/vagrant/laraveltest/blog/bootstrap/../vendor/autoload.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /home/vagrant/laraveltest/blog/bootstrap/autoload.php on line 17
PHP Fatal error: require(): Failed opening required '/home/vagrant/laraveltest/blog/bootstrap/../vendor/autoload.php' (include_path='.:/usr/share/pear:/usr/share/php') in /home/vagrant/laraveltest/blog/bootstrap/autoload.php on line 17
Script php artisan clear-compiled handling the pre-update-cmd event returned with an error

[RuntimeException]
Error Output: PHP Warning: require(/home/vagrant/laraveltest/blog/bootstrap/../vendor/autoload.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /home/vagrant/laraveltest/bl
og/bootstrap/autoload.php on line 17
PHP Fatal error: require(): Failed opening required '/home/vagrant/laraveltest/blog/bootstrap/../vendor/autoload.php' (include_path='.:/usr/share/pear:/usr/share/php') in /home/vagr
ant/laraveltest/blog/bootstrap/autoload.php on line 17

create-project [-s|--stability STABILITY] [--prefer-source] [--prefer-dist] [--repository REPOSITORY] [--repository-url REPOSITORY-URL] [--dev] [--no-dev] [--no-plugins] [--no-custom-installers] [--no-scripts] [--no-progress] [--keep-vcs] [--no-install] [--ignore-platform-reqs] [--] [<package>] [<directory>] [<version>]

这是由于 Composer 最近更新了 pre-update-command 的工作方式，而这会使得 Laravel 安装失败。

@Jordi Boggiano 给出的原因如下：

这是由于缺少 composer.lock 文件，因此最初的 install 命令被 update 操作替代，因为它会触发 pre-update-cmd，而在这之前是触发的 pre-install-cmd。
幸运的是，修复这个问题非常简单，只需要把 php artisan clear-compiled 移动到 post-update-command 即可：