Linux平台下源码安装mysql多实例数据库

Linux平台下源码安装mysql多实例数据库[root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -tlunp | grep 330tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      6191/mysqld

[root@linux-node1 ~]# ss -tlunp | grep 330tcp    LISTEN     0      80       :::3306                 :::*                   users:(("mysqld",pid=6191,fd=10))

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled)   Active: active (running) since Fri 2019-03-29 12:01:11 CST; 2min 40s ago     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)  Process: 6056 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service           ├─6065 /bin/sh /application/mysql-5.6.41/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/application/mysql-5.6.41/data --pid-file=/application...           └─6191 /application/mysql-5.6.41/bin/mysqld --basedir=/application/mysql-5.6.41 --datadir=/application/mysql-5.6.41/data ...

Mar 29 12:01:07 linux-node1.eric.com systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...Mar 29 12:01:11 linux-node1.eric.com mysqld[6056]: Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS!Mar 29 12:01:11 linux-node1.eric.com systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL.

1、先停掉之前的3306单实例数据库[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld.service[root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -tlunp | grep 330[root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -tlunp | grep mysql[root@linux-node1 ~]# chkconfig mysqld off[root@linux-node1 ~]# chkconfig --list mysqldmysqld          0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off

2、mysql多实例常见的配置方案(1).单一配置文件、单一启动程序多实例部署方案（不推荐）该方案缺点：耦合度太高，只有一个配置文件，不好管理。工作中开发和运维的统一原则是：降低耦合度。my.cnf配置文件示例[mysqld_multi]mysqld      =   /usr/bin/mysqld_safemysqladmin  =   /usr/bin/mysqladminuser        =   mysql

[mysqld1]socket      =   /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sockport        =   3306pid-file    =   /var/lib/mysql/mysql.piddatadir     =   /var/lib/mysql/user        =   mysql

[mysqld2]socket      =   /mnt/data/db1/mysql.sockport        =   3302pid-file    =   /mnt/data/db1/mysql.piddatadir     =   /mnt/data/db1/user        =   mysql

skip-name-resolvserver-id=10default-storage-engine=innodbinnodb_buffer_pool_size=512Minnodb_additional_mem_pool=10Mdefault_character_set=utf8character_set_server=utf8#read-onlyrelay-log-space-limit=3Gexpire_logs_day=20

启动程序的命令如下：mysqld_multi --config-file=/data/mysql/my_multi.cnf start 1,2

(2).多配置文件、多启动程序部署方案mysql双实例的目录信息：[root@linux-node1 ~]# tree /data/data├── 3306│   ├── data   #3306实例的数据目录│   ├── my.cnf #3306实例的配置文件│   └── mysql  #3306实例的启动文件└── 3307    ├── data   #3307实例的数据目录    ├── my.cnf #3307实例的配置文件    └── mysql  #3307实例的启动文件

4 directories, 4 files

3、安装并配置多实例mysql数据库基于上节课的单实例mysql数据库环境来做实验生产环境一般以2~4个实例为佳

4、创建mysql多实例的数据文件目录[root@linux-node1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data[root@linux-node1 ~]# tree /data//data/├── 3306     #3306实例目录│   └── data #3306实例的数据文件目录├── 3307     #3307实例目录    └── data #3307实例的数据文件目录

4 directories, 0 files

5、创建mysql多实例的配置文件和启动文件在这里我直接rz上传了[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /disk/[root@linux-node1 disk]# rzrz waiting to receive. zmodem trl+C ȡ  100%       3 KB    3 KB/s 00:00:01       0 Errors

[root@linux-node1 disk]# ls -lhtotal 37Mdrwxr-xr-x 13 root root  4.0K Mar 28 21:25 cmake-2.8.12.2-rw-r--r--  1 root root  5.8M Mar 26 08:58 cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz-rw-r--r--  1 root root  3.6K Mar 28 17:48 data.zipdrwxr-xr-x 35 7161 31415 4.0K Mar 28 21:54 mysql-5.6.41-rw-r--r--  1 root root   31M Jun 15  2018 mysql-5.6.41.tar.gz

解压[root@linux-node1 disk]# unzip data.zip -d /Archive:  data.zip  inflating: /data/3306/my.cnf  inflating: /data/3306/mysql  inflating: /data/3307/my.cnf  inflating: /data/3307/mysql

[root@linux-node1 disk]# tree /data//data/├── 3306│   ├── data│   ├── my.cnf│   └── mysql└── 3307    ├── data    ├── my.cnf    └── mysql

4 directories, 4 files

6、启动实例方法：例如：启动3306实例的命令如下：mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf > /dev/null 2>&1 &

例如：启动3307实例的命令如下：mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf > /dev/null 2>&1 &

7、停止实例方法：停止3306实例的命令如下：mysqladmin -u root -poldboy123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown

停止3307实例的命令如下：mysqladmin -u root -poldboy123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock shutdown

8、要先创建mysql多实例数据库的错误日志文件，不然后面启动mysql实例会报错[root@linux-node1 ~]# touch /data/3306/mysql_zhouwanchun3306.err[root@linux-node1 ~]# touch /data/3307/mysql_zhouwanchun3307.err例如：[root@linux-node1 ~]# /data/3306/mysql startStarting MySQL...190329 16:27:49 mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/data/3306/mysql_zhouwanchun3306.err', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.

9、配置mysql多实例的文件权限[root@linux-node1 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data

[root@linux-node1 ~]# find /data -name mysql|xargs ls -l-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 15  2013 /data/3306/mysql-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 21  2013 /data/3307/mysql

[root@linux-node1 ~]# find /data -name mysql|xargs chmod 700

[root@linux-node1 ~]# find /data -name mysql|xargs ls -l-rwx------ 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 15  2013 /data/3306/mysql-rwx------ 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 21  2013 /data/3307/mysql

[root@linux-node1 ~]# find /data -name mysql -exec ls -l {} \;-rwx------ 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 15  2013 /data/3306/mysql-rwx------ 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 21  2013 /data/3307/mysql

10、初始化mysql多实例的数据库文件[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /application/mysql/scripts/

./mysql_install_db \--defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf \--basedir=/application/mysql \--datadir=/data/3306/data \--user=mysql

./mysql_install_db \--defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf \--basedir=/application/mysql \--datadir=/data/3307/data \--user=mysql

两个初始化，每个初始化有两个OK字样，一共4个Ok字样

[root@linux-node1 scripts]# tree /data

11、启动数据库实例启动多实例3306的命令[root@linux-node1 ~]# /data/3306/mysql start

启动多实例3307的命令[root@linux-node1 ~]# /data/3307/mysql start

[root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -tlunp | grep 330tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      7134/mysqldtcp6       0      0 :::3307                 :::*                    LISTEN      7376/mysqld

如果mysql多实例数据库有服务端口没有被启动，稍微等几秒再检查。netstat -lntup | grep 330因为mysql服务的启动比Web服务慢一些

如果还是不行，请查看mysql服务对应实例的错误日志[root@linux-node1 ~]# grep log-error /data/3306/my.cnf | tail -1log-error=/data/3306/mysql_zhouwanchun3306.err[root@linux-node1 ~]# tail /data/3306/mysql_zhouwanchun3306.err

12、配置mysql多实例数据库开机自启动[root@linux-node1 ~]# echo "# mysql multi instances" >> /etc/rc.local[root@linux-node1 ~]# echo "/data/3306/mysql start" >> /etc/rc.local[root@linux-node1 ~]# echo "/data/3307/mysql start" >> /etc/rc.local[root@linux-node1 ~]# tail -3 /etc/rc.local# mysql multi instances/data/3306/mysql start/data/3307/mysql start

13、登录数据库密码默认为空[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sockWelcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 1Server version: 5.6.41-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select user() ;+----------------+| user()         |+----------------+| root@localhost |+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit ;Bye

[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sockWelcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 1Server version: 5.6.41-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select user() ;+----------------+| user()         |+----------------+| root@localhost |+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit ;Bye

mysql.sock文件mysql服务端与本地mysql客户端进行通信的Unix套接字文件。

14、mysql多实例数据库的管理[root@linux-node1 ~]# /data/3306/mysql stopStoping MySQL...[root@linux-node1 ~]# /data/3306/mysql startStarting MySQL...[root@linux-node1 ~]# /data/3306/mysql restartRestarting MySQL...Stoping MySQL...Starting MySQL...

[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysqladmin -u root -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysqladmin -u root -p -S /data/3307/mysql.sock shutdown

15、mysql安全配置(1).分别给mysql不同实例的数据库管理员root用户设置独立密码[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock password 'oldboy3306'Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3307/mysql.sock password 'oldboy3306'Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

再次登录数据库无法登录[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sockERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sockERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sockEnter password: 输入密码Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 3Server version: 5.6.41-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> exit ;Bye

[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3307/mysql.sockEnter password: 输入密码Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 5Server version: 5.6.41-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> exit ;Bye

也可以带着密码登录mysql -uroot -poldboy3306 -S /data/3306/mysql.sockmysql -uroot -poldboy3306 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock

(2).修改密码[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -poldboy3306 password 'oldboy3307'[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy3306 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock 登录失败[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy3307 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock 登录成功

16、远程连接登录mysql多实例mysql -uroot -p'oldboy123' -h 192.168.56.11 -P 3306mysql -ueric -p'oldboy123' -h 192.168.56.11 -P 3306

17、如何再增加一个mysql的实例mkdir -p /data/3308/datacp /data/3306/my.cnf /data/3308/cp /data/3306/mysql /data/3308/sed -i 's#3306#3308#g' /data/3308/my.cnfsed -i 's#server-id = 6#server-id = 8#g' /data/3308/my.cnfsed -i 's#3306#3308#g' /data/3308/mysqltouch /data/3308/mysql_zhouwanchun3308.errchown -R mysql:mysql /data/3308chmod 700 /data/3308/mysqlcd /application/mysql/scripts/./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data --user=mysqlchown -R mysql:mysql /data/3308egrep "server-id|log-bin" /data/3308/my.cnf/data/3308/mysql startnetstat -tlunp | grep 3308echo "/data/3308/mysql start" >> /etc/rc.localtail -4 /etc/rc.localmysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sockmysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3308/mysql.sock password 'oldboy3308'mysql -uroot -poldboy3308 -S /data/3308/mysql.sock

18、给mysql做基本安全配置(1).为root用户设置密码（密码已经设置）(2).清除mysql服务器内无用的用户[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy3306 -S /data/3306/mysql.sockWarning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 6Server version: 5.6.41-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select user, host from mysql.user ;+------+----------------------+| user | host                 |+------+----------------------+| root | 127.0.0.1            || root | ::1                  ||      | linux-node1.eric.com || root | linux-node1.eric.com ||      | localhost            || root | localhost            |+------+----------------------+6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user root@'::1' ;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> drop user root@'linux-node1.eric.com' ;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user ''@'linux-node1.eric.com' ;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user ''@'localhost' ;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user, host from mysql.user ;+------+-----------+| user | host      |+------+-----------+| root | 127.0.0.1 || root | localhost |+------+-----------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(3).删除mysql数据库内无用的test库mysql> show databases ;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema || test               |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop database test ;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show databases ;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema |+--------------------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

19、重启Linux操作系统[root@linux-node1 ~]# reboot