使用Selenium模拟浏览器抓取斗鱼直播间信息

获取斗鱼直播间每个房间的名称、观看人数、tag、主播名字

代码:

import time
from multiprocessing import Pool

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from pymongo import MongoClient
from pymongo.errors import PyMongoError

# monogdb配置信息
MONGO_HOST = "localhost"
MONGO_DATABASE = "douyu"
MONGO_TABLE = "zhibo"
client = MongoClient(host=MONGO_HOST)
db = client[MONGO_DATABASE]

# PhantomJS 命令行相关配置
# 参见 http://phantomjs.org/api/command-line.html
SERVICE_ARGS = ['--disk-cache=true', '--load-images=false']

# driver = webdriver.Chrome()  # 有界面
driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(service_args=SERVICE_ARGS)  # 无界面
delay = 10
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, delay)
driver.maximize_window()

def get_total_pages():
    url = 'https://www.douyu.com/directory/all'
    driver.get(url)
    pages = int(driver.find_element_by_css_selector(
        '.shark-pager-dot + .shark-pager-item').text)
    print("正在获取第1页数据")
    room_list = get_rooms_by_beautifulsoup()
    save_to_monogodb(room_list)
    return pages

# 根据页码获取指定页数据，并将其保存到数据库中
def parse_page(page_num):
    print("正在获取第%d页数据" % page_num)
    try:
        page_num_box = wait.until(
            EC.presence_of_element_located(
                (By.CSS_SELECTOR, "input.jumptxt")))
        go_btn = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable(
            (By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a.shark-pager-submit')))
        page_num_box.clear()
        page_num_box.send_keys(page_num)
        go_btn.click()
        # driver.execute_script("window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight);")
        # time.sleep(0.1)
        wait.until(
            EC.text_to_be_present_in_element(
                (By.CSS_SELECTOR,
                 '.shark-pager-item.current'),
                str(page_num)))
        # 对于By.CLASS_NAME invalid selector: Compound class names not permitted
        room_list = get_rooms_by_beautifulsoup()
        save_to_monogodb(room_list)
    except TimeoutException:
        print("请求第%d页失败" % page_num)
        print("尝试重新获取第%d页" % page_num)
        return parse_page(page_num)

# 通过bs4解析数据
def get_rooms_by_beautifulsoup():
    '''
    通过bs4库解析数据
    获取直播间的名称，观看人数,标签，主播名
    '''
    wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located(
        (By.CSS_SELECTOR, "ul#live-list-contentbox > li")))
    html = driver.page_source

    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
    rooms = soup.select('ul#live-list-contentbox > li')
    for room in rooms:
        room_name = room.find(
            'h3', attrs={
                'class': 'ellipsis'}).get_text(
            strip=True)
        view_count = room.find('span', class_='dy-num fr').text
        tag = room.find('span', class_='tag ellipsis').text
        hostname = room.find('span', class_='dy-name ellipsis fl').text
        #print("房间名: " + room_name + "\t观看人数: " + view_count + "\t标签: " + tag + "\t主播名: " + hostname)
        yield {
            'room_name': room_name,
            'view_count': view_count,
            'tag': tag,
            'hostname': hostname,
        }

def save_to_monogodb(room_list):
    for room in room_list:
        try:
            db[MONGO_TABLE].insert(room)   # insert支持插入多条数据
            print("mongodb插入数据成功:", room)
        except PyMongoError as e:
            print("mongodb插入数据失败:", room, e)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        total_pages = get_total_pages()
        for page_num in range(2, total_pages + 1):
            parse_page(page_num)
    except Exception as e:
        print("出错了", e)
    finally:  # 确保 浏览器能正常关闭
        print("共有%d页" % total_pages)
        driver.close()