Android中attrs.xml文件的使用详解

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Android中在values中定义一个attrs.xml，然后自己定义一个组件MyView

attrs.xml内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <declare-styleable name="MyView">
        <attr name="textColor" format="color" />
        <attr name="textSize" format="dimension" />
    </declare-styleable>
</resources> 

定义的组件MyView:

package com.jiangwei.demo;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Paint.Style;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;

public class MyView extends View {
private Paint mPaint;
private static final String mString = "Welcome to Mr Wei's blog";
public MyView(Context context) {
super(context);
mPaint = new Paint();
}

public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
mPaint = new Paint();
TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyView);
int textColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.MyView_textColor, 0XFFFFFFFF);
float textSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.MyView_textSize, 36);
mPaint.setTextSize(textSize);
mPaint.setColor(textColor);
a.recycle();
}

@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDraw(canvas);
// 设置填充
mPaint.setStyle(Style.FILL);
// 画一个矩形,前俩个是矩形左上角坐标，后面俩个是右下角坐标
canvas.drawRect(new Rect(10, 10, 100, 100), mPaint);
mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
// 绘制文字
canvas.drawText(mString, 10, 110, mPaint);
}
}

main.xml内容:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:test="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.jiangwei.demo"//一定记得添加前缀
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    <com.jiangwei.demo.MyView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
   android:layout_height="fill_parent"
   test:textSize="20px"//test是个前缀
   test:textColor="#ffffff"/>
</LinearLayout>

具体内容:

格式如上，其中“xmlns:wen”冒号后面是标签名，在下面使用时(只对当前文件可用)
<TextView  wen:属性名/>
“com.iteye.googlers”是你的工程包名。
1. reference：参考某一资源ID。
    （1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name = "名称">
                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />
</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：
            

<ImageView
                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"
                     />

2. color：颜色值。
    （1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name = "名称">
                   <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />
            </declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：
           

 <TextView
                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:textColor = "#00FF00"
                     />

3. boolean：布尔值。
    （1）属性定义：
            

<declare-styleable name = "名称">
                <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />
</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：
            

<Button
                   android:layout_width = "42dip"
                   android:layout_height = "42dip"
                   android:focusable = "true"/>

4. dimension：尺寸值。
     （1）属性定义：
             

<declare-styleable name = "名称">
                   <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />
</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：
            

<Button
                   android:layout_width = "42dip"
                   android:layout_height = "42dip"
                  />

5. float：浮点值。
    （1）属性定义：
            

<declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">
                   <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />
</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：
            

<alpha
       android:fromAlpha = "1.0"
       android:toAlpha = "0.7"
/>

6. integer：整型值。
    （1）属性定义：
            

<declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">
                   <attr name = "visible" />
                   <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />
                   <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />
                   <attr name = "pivotX" />
                   <attr name = "pivotY" />
                   <attr name = "drawable" />
</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：
            

<animated-rotate
                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                   android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID"
                   android:pivotX = "50%"
                   android:pivotY = "50%"
                   android:framesCount = "12"
                   android:frameDuration = "100"
                   />

7. string：字符串。
    （1）属性定义：
            

<declare-styleable name = "MapView">
                   <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />
</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：
            

<com.google.android.maps.MapView
                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                    android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"
                    />

8. fraction：百分数。
     （1）属性定义：
            

<declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">
                   <attr name = "visible" />
                   <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />
                   <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />
                   <attr name = "drawable" />
</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：
            

<rotate
                 xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
　　             android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"
                 android:fromDegrees = "0"
　　             android:toDegrees = "360"
                 android:pivotX = "200%"
                 android:pivotY = "300%"
　　             android:duration = "5000"
                 android:repeatMode = "restart"
                 android:repeatCount = "infinite"
                />

9. enum：枚举值。
    （1）属性定义：
            

<declare-styleable name="名称">
                   <attr name="orientation">
                          <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />
                          <enum name="vertical" value="1" />
                   </attr>
</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

<LinearLayout
                    xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                    android:orientation = "vertical"
                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                    >
</LinearLayout>

10. flag：位或运算。
     （1）属性定义：

 <declare-styleable name="名称">
                    <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">
                            <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />
                            <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />
                            <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />
                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />
                            <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />
                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />
                            <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />
                            <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />
                            <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />
                            <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />
                     </attr>
</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：
            

<activity
      android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"
      android:label = "@string/app_name"
      android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged　|　stateHidden">
      <intent-filter>
            <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
            <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
      </intent-filter>
</activity>

注意：
     属性定义时可以指定多种类型值。
    （1）属性定义：
            

<declare-styleable name = "名称">
      <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />
</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：
             

<ImageView
        android:layout_width = "42dip"
        android:layout_height = "42dip"
        android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"
        />