devops-jenkins部署和基本使用

1. jenkins部署和基本使用
  1.1) 先关闭centos 7的自带防火墙和selinux

[root@test-2 ~]# /bin/systemctl stop firewalld
[root@test-2 ~]# /bin/systemctl disable firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce                 #查看selinux是否开启
Enforcing                                         #enforcing表示selinux开启的，
[root@test-2 ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g'  /etc/selinux/config      #修改配置文件，需要重启才后永久关闭
[root@test-2 ~]# setenforce 0      #临时关闭selinx
[root@test-2 ~]# getenforce      #查看是否关闭
Disabled

1.2) 下载jenkins官方包安装

　　jenkins官方下载地址： http://pkg.jenkins.io/

　　

　　点击红色下载地址进入

　　

1.3) 安装jdk的java应用程序

[root@jenkins ~]# yum install -y java-1.8.0

1.4) 验证jdk是否正常

[root@jenkins ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_191"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_191-b12)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.191-b12, mixed mode)

1.5) 下载jenkins的源，进行jenkins源的安装

[root@jenkins ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo             #导入jenkins源
[root@jenkins ~]#  rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key                    #导入官方jenkins证书

1.6) 安装jenkins

root@jenkins ~]# yum install jenkins              #安装jenkins
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.cn99.com
 * updates: mirrors.cn99.com
jenkins                                                                                                                         | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
jenkins/primary_db                                                                                                              |  26 kB  00:00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package jenkins.noarch 0:2.150.2-1.1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================================================================
 Package                            Arch                              Version                                 Repository                          Size
=======================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 jenkins                            noarch                            2.150.2-1.1                             jenkins                             72 M

Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 72 M
Installed size: 72 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
jenkins-2.150.2-1.1.noarch.rpm                                                                                                  |  72 MB  00:00:09
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : jenkins-2.150.2-1.1.noarch                                                                                                          1/1
  Verifying  : jenkins-2.150.2-1.1.noarch                                                                                                          1/1 

Installed:
  jenkins.noarch 0:2.150.2-1.1                                                                                                                         

Complete!

[root@jenkins ~]# rpm -ql jenkins            #安装的文件列表
/etc/init.d/jenkins
/etc/logrotate.d/jenkins
/etc/sysconfig/jenkins
/usr/lib/jenkins
/usr/lib/jenkins/jenkins.war
/usr/sbin/rcjenkins
/var/cache/jenkins
/var/lib/jenkins
/var/log/jenkins

1.7) 安装完成了，启动jenkins

[root@jenkins ~]# /bin/systemctl start jenkins
[root@jenkins ~]# /bin/systemctl enable jenkins
jenkins.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.
Executing /sbin/chkconfig jenkins on
[root@jenkins ~]# netstat -lntup | grep 80
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8080            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1710/java
[root@jenkins ~]# ps -ef |grep java
jenkins    1710      1 14 16:53 ?        00:00:37 /etc/alternatives/java -Dcom.sun.akuma.Daemon=daemonized -Djava.awt.headless=true -DJENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/jenkins -jar /usr/lib/jenkins/jenkins.war --logfile=/var/log/jenkins/jenkins.log --webroot=/var/cache/jenkins/war --daemon --httpPort=8080 --debug=5 --handlerCountMax=100 --handlerCountMaxIdle=20
root       1816   1339  0 16:58 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto java

2. jenkins启动完成后浏览器访问
  2.1) 浏览器访问 “http://localhost:8080”
  2.2) 管理密码获取

　　

[root@jenkins ~]# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword        #查看密码
97d6ab7b8b8745ef8771455be60de68a        #注释：将查看到密码复制到浏览器密码框里

2.3) 安装插件

　　

解决：安装jenkins时web界面出现该jenkins实例似乎已离线
　　(1) 修改 /var/lib/jenkins/updates/default.json 文件，把www.google.com修改为www.baidu.com
　　　　解释：jenkins在下载插件之前会先检查网络连接，其会读取这个文件中的网址。默认是：访问谷歌，在国内是无法访问谷歌的，所以要修改为我们国内的连接的地址：www.baidu.com

　　　　

　　(2) 修改 /var/lib/jenkins/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml
　　　　解释：该文件是jenkins下载插件的源地址，更改地址默认jenkins默认为的：https://updates.jenkins.io/update-center.json 就是因为https的问题更改为：http://updates.jenkins.io/update-center.json

[root@jenkins ~]# vim /var/lib/jenkins/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml
[root@jenkins ~]# cat /var/lib/jenkins/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml
<?xml version='1.1' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<sites>
  <site>
    <id>default</id>
    <url>http://updates.jenkins.io/update-center.json</url>
  </site>
</sites>

2.4) 重启jenkins服务

[root@jenkins ~]# /bin/systemctl restart jenkins

[root@jenkins ~]# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword        #查看密码
97d6ab7b8b8745ef8771455be60de68a        #注释：将查看到密码复制到浏览器密码框里

我们选择推荐自定义选择安装

安装效果

2.5) 创建第一个管理员用户

提示，配置用户时必须添加邮箱

进入到登录界面了

　

登录后的界面

3. jenkins的配置文件

[root@jenkins ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins 

4. jenkins添加插件
  4.1） jenkins添加gitlab插件

　　

4.2) 插件安装blue Ocean