[剑指 Offer II 114. 外星文字典] 拓扑排序

import java.util.*;

class Solution {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Solution solution = new Solution();
        System.out.println(solution.alienOrder(new String[]{
                "ac","ab","zc","zb"
        }));
    }
    public String alienOrder(String[] words) {
        int len = words.length;
        Set<Integer> flag = new HashSet<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            for(int j =0;j<words[i].length();j++){
                flag.add(words[i].charAt(j)-'a');
            }
        }
        Set<Integer>[] g = new HashSet[26];
        Arrays.setAll(g,e->new HashSet<>());
        int[] ingress = new int[26];
        Set<List<Integer>> edge = new HashSet<>();
        for(int i = 0;i<len-1;i++){
            String a = words[i];
            String b = words[i+1];

            int alen = a.length();
            int blen = b.length();
            int min = Math.min(alen,blen);

            boolean find = false;
            int j = 0;
            for(j=0;j<min;j++){
                if( a.charAt(j) != b.charAt(j)){
                    find = true;
                    break;
                }
            }

            if(!find ) {
                if(alen > blen){
                    return "";
                }
            }else{
                int d1  = a.charAt(j) - 'a';
                int d2 =  b.charAt(j) - 'a';

              g[d1].add(d2);
              if(!edge.contains(Arrays.asList(d1,d2))) {
                  ingress[d2]++;
                  edge.add(Arrays.asList(d1,d2));
              }
            }
        }

        StringBuilder ans =  build(g,ingress,flag);
        return ans.toString();
    }

    public StringBuilder build(Set<Integer>[] g,int[] ingress,Set<Integer> flag) {
        ArrayDeque<Integer> queue = new ArrayDeque<Integer>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
            if (flag.contains(i) && ingress[i] == 0) {
                queue.offer(i);
            }
        }

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
            int u = queue.poll();
            if (ingress[u] == 0) {
                sb.append((char) ('a' + u));
            }
            for (Integer v : g[u]) {
                ingress[v]--;
                if (ingress[v] == 0) {
                    queue.offer(v);
                }
            }
        }

        if( flag.size() != sb.length()) {
            return new StringBuilder("");
        }
        return sb;
    }
}