vim operation

note:  转自 www.quora.com ，很好的网站。

具体链接如下:

https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-impressive-demos-of-Vim-possibilities-for-beginners　

其实看英文更容易记住一些，所以贴在这里以后常看看，也希望更多的人看看。

========== Navigation ==========

 

CTRL+C OR Ctrl+[ instead of ESC.

1/2 ½ BOL (Begin-of-line)

0 BOL (Begin-of-line)

$ EOL (End-of-line)

 

H Goto HEADER (Top of the screen)

M Goto MIDDLE of BUFFER

L Goto last (bottom).

 

CTRL+F Page down

CTRL+B Page up

(Handy Page Up / Page Down for Mac where Fn+Up/Down is scrolling Term)

 

^ Cursor to first non whitespace character

g_ Cursor to last whitespace character

gg (BOF) Beginning of File

G (EOF) End of the file.

10G Goto line 10

:10 Goto line 10

 

fc Move forward to c (c= character)

 

Fc Move back to c

 

gd Goto Definition of Variable

[m Go to function opening

 

Ctrl+D Page-by-page scrolling

 

CTRL+O Last location (cursor)

CTRL-I Next location (cursor)

CTRL+^ Alternate file (last edited file in current window)

 

* Next word

# Previous word

 

% on brackets {} () [] will find the matching one.

 

3dd - delete 3 lines

d2f. - delete to the second period.

d% - delete till next pair [, {, (, etc.

 

v$% - Select whole function (incl. function name)

vi{ - Select function contents

 

:n /folder/** Open all files (and directories) in folder as buffers (Delete directories and save session for projects)

 

# [], [[, ]] og ][ what?

 

zz Cursor to center of screen

z. Cursor to center of screen

z- Cursor to bottom of screen

zb Cursor to bottom of screen

z Cursor to top of screen

zt Cursor to top of screen

 

========== Change ==========

 

I INSERT (at beginning)

A INSERT (at end of line)

go INSERT (at end of file)

 

ci} Change inside brackets

vi} Select inside brackets

dit Delete the text between matching XML tags. (it is for "inner tag block".)

cit Change the text between matching XML tags. (it is for "inner tag block".)

 

s Substitute char

S Substitute line

 

c2w Change the next 2 words

 

dgg Delete to top

dG Delete to bottom

 

d^ Delete to start of line

D Delete to end of line (or d$)

dt; Delete until ;

d/foo Delete until foo

 

d} Delete next p-graph

d{ Delete previous p-graph

 

SHIFT-J Join below line to above ("LINE1\nLINE2" becomes "LINE1 LINE2")

 

cc Replace Line

S Replace Line

 

s Replace Letter (Delete then Insert Mode)

cw Replace word

c$ Replace to EOL

c/word Change word and put in INSERT mode.

c?word Change word (search backwards) and put in INSERT mode.

 

deep Swap two words in front of cursor (Cursor on empty space)

ddp Swap two lines

 

g- Undo Change

u Undo Change

g+ Redo Change

CTRL+R Redo Change

:earlier Undo by time

:later Redo by time

:undo n Undo by number of actions

:undolist Leaves of undo tree with numbers

 

y Copy marked text

Y Copy/Yank whole line

y$ Copy/Yank whole line

2yy Copy 2 lines

yw Copy word

 

ALT+j Move current line UP

ALT+k Move current line DOWN

 

CTRL-6 Switch between open buffers

ggVG Select All

ggvG= Auto-indenting

== Indent current line

 

x Delete current character

 

CTRL+A Increment Number

1CTRL+A Increment Multi-Digit Number

CTRL+X Decrements Number

1CTRL+X Decrements Multi-Digit Number

 

CTRL+O (Insert-Mode) run normal mode commands and Ex-commands (:echo) temporarily in insert-mode.

 

:diffthis In two buffers/windows enables diffmode.

 

ggVGJ join all lines

 

========== Windows ==========

 

CTRL+H Window Left ̂

CTRL+L Window Right ̂

CTRL+J Window Down ̂

CTRL+K Window Up ^

 

CTRL+WW Switch between Windows

CTRL+WR Rotate

 

CTRL+WQ Quit window

CTRL+WV Split Windows Vertical

CTRL-W_ Minimize window

CTRL-W| Maximize window

CTRL-W+ Grow window

CTRL-W- Shrink window

 

CTRL+W_ Max height

CTRL + W| Max width

CTRL+W= Set all windows to equal size.

CTRL+W+R Rotate windows (swap left/right top/bottom)

CTRL+W+T Put window in a tab.

CTRL+W+O Close every window but current one.

 

 

========== Macro ==========

 

q Record Macro

qa Run macro (a)

3@q Run macro 3 times

 

 

 

========== Navigation/Files ==========

 

:cwd Show current working directory

:lcwd Show current (Tab/Window) directory

:ls Show current buffers

:cd Change directory

:lcd Change current (Tab/Window) directory

 

 

:new will create a split window with an unnamed buffer.

 

:enew will open one in the current window.

 

:vnew will open one in a vertically split window.

 

:tabnew will open one in a new tab.

 

vim scp://root@adrafinil//etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rules

 

========== Visual commands ==========

> Indent Right

< Indent Left

d Delete marked text

~ Switch case

V Select whole line

 

 

 

========== Insert commands ==========

 

CTRL-R * will insert in the contents of the clipboard

CTRL-R " (the unnamed register) inserts the the last delete or yank.

 

 

 

========== Search / Replace ==========

 

/ Search

<SPACE> Search

? Backwards Search

n Next Search ¯

N Previous Search

c/word Change word and put in INSERT mode.

c?word Change word (search backwards) and put in INSERT mode.

 

:bufdo /searchstr/ Search in all open files

 

:%s/old/new/g replace all old with new throughout file

:%s/foo/bar/gi The same as above, but ignore the case of the pattern you want to substitute. This replaces foo, FOO, Foo, and so on.

:%s/old/new/gc replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations

:%s/foo/bar/c For each line on the file, replace the first occurrence of foo with bar and confirm every substitution.

:/.*word1\&.*word2 Search for both words simultaneously

 

:g/^%/s/foo/bar/g Replace every line starting with % with foo with bar

 

# replace space with newline - literally CTRL-V

:%s/ /<CTRL-V>/g

 

:sort u - remove duplicate lines

# highlight duplicate lines

:syn clear Repeat | g/^\(.*\)\n\ze\%(.*\n\)*\1$/exe 'syn match Repeat "^' . escape(getline('.'), '".\^$*[]') . '$"' | nohlsearch

 

:rs/foo/bar/a Substitute foo with bar. r determines the range and a determines the arguments.

 

:g/^#/d Delete all lines that begins with #

:g/^$/d Delete all lines that are empty

 

:g/^///d Delete all // comments

:g/^s*$/d Delete all whitespace lines

 

:ab mail mail@provider.org Define mail as abbreviation of mail@provider.org (replace when "mail" is written)

 

:%s/<Ctrl-V><Ctrl-M>//g Remove ^M from files.

 

 

========== Marks ==========

 

m+[A-Z] marks the current line with an alias of the key pressed.

'[A-Z] goes to this mark.

Using marks

 

 

 

 

========== Misc ==========

 

. Repeat Command

0p Paste BOL

$p Paste EOL

*p Paste (without indentation) similar to :set paste

 

# Insert mode

CTRL+R " Paste unnamed/yank register (Insert Mode)

CTRL+R * will insert in the contents of the clipboard (:h i_ctrl-r)

CTRL+R #

CTRL+R : Will insert last cmdline (ex command) (useful for adding a recently typed command to vimrc)

# Normal mode

#p

 

ZZ Save and quit

 

g CTRL-G Show Col 1 of 0; Line 5 of 6; Word 1 of 11; Byte 968 of 1019

:help g_CTRL-G

:f Show bufname, modify-status,

"[No Name]" [Modified] line 6 of 6 --100%-- col 49

:help :f

 

:command show all functions/commands in vim (plugins, custom functions, etc.)

 

SHIFT+K "Man page" of command under cursor

 

:%!python -m json.tool - Format JSON pretty in current buffer via Python.

 

:bn Next Buffer

:bp Previous Buffer

:b # Goto # Buffer. (eg. ':b 1' goto buffer 1)

:b filename

 

:tab sball Opens a new tab for each open buffer #not recommended, learn to use it, the "right" (tm) way. eg. buffers == tabs, tabs = different viewport arrangement/splits/layout

 

gt Next Tab

gT Previous Tab

 

,pp Toggle Paste Mode

,cd Switch CWD to Dir of Open Buffer

 

:r Read from file into buffer

:r!shellcmd Read shell command into buffer

gf open file under cursor (or import statement)

<c-w>f open in a new window (Ctrl-w f)

<c-w>gf open in a new tab (Ctrl-w gf)

 

# Set tabline to current directory

:set tabline=[_%{getcwd()}_]

 

# Relative Directory

:set tabline=%{expand('%:p:h')}

Absolute Path

:set tabline=%{expand('%:p')}

File name

:set tabline=%{expand('%:t')}

 

#CTAGS

# Generate tags (for goto definition, goto file, taglist) for PHP and template files (*.tpl)

ctags -R --languages=php --langmap=PHP:+.tpl .

ctags -R --languages=php --langmap=PHP:+.tpl --tag-relative=yes --PHP-kinds=+cf .

 

# Avoid loading vimrc/plugins

gvim -N -u NONE -i NONE (to check for .vimrc/_vimrc causing it)

 

# Who set filetype?

:verbose set filetype

 

# Step-by-step autocmd go-through ..

:debug wincmd p

 

# Output Vim command to file (:buffers in this case)

:redir > outputFile

:buffers

:redir END

 

# Show character hex, octal, code under cursor

ga

 

# Quickfix Window (Compiler Messages etc.)

:cw

 

# Clear last search highlightning

set nohlsearch

 

# Reverse line order (explanation: Reverse all lines)

:g/^/m0

 

# Pipe to vim

echo "lel" | vim -

 

# Show all "set" vim variables

:options

========== Folding ==========

 

za Toggle folding

zA Toggle folding recursively

zc Close one or count folds under the cursor

zC Close all folds under cursor

zD Delete folds recursively

zE Delete ALL Folds

zf motion - Create a fold

zF Create a fold for count lines

zi Toggle foldenable

 

zM Close all folds, set foldlevel=0, set foldenable

zR Open all folds and set foldlevel to highest fold level.

zn Fold "none": reset foldenable and open all folds

zN Fold "normal": set foldenable and restore all folds

zo Open one or count folds

z0 Open all folds under the cursor

 

 

========== netrw / Explorer ==============

(Built-in filebrowser)

 

<leftmouse> open

<rightmouse> delete

 

d New directory

D Delete file(s)/directory(ies)

p Preview file

 

qb list bookmarks (and recent dirs) ?

mb make bookmark

mB delete bookmark

 

mf OR <s-leftmouse> Mark files

 

gb goto bookmark

md diff marked files

 

mp print marked files

mu unmark all

 

t enter file in new tab

 

1u go back 1 history (corresponds to qb-listing)

u forward one directory in history

U backwards one directory in history

 

========== Plugins / Extensions ==========

 

Benchmark/Profiling Scripts

vim --startuptime vim.log

 

--- vim-surround ---

# cs = change surround

# ds = delete surround

# tpope/vim-surround

 

cs({ - change () to {} - (cursor inside)

ds" - remove " - y

#cst" - surround with "

 

cs'<b> - add <b> tag (on 'Text' only)

ysiw] - add [] to word (works for <b> tags too)

yss) - add ) to line (works for <b> tags too)

 

#Visual mode

S" - surround selection with "

gS" - surround with " with newlines before and after content

 

(V) select text, S<div class="wrap"> -- wrap in this tag

 

 

 

================== Regex ======================

 

BTsync secrets vim regex

- magic vim "perl regex" operator

- A-Z 0-9

- times 33

- \< \> # means word boundary in-between (this is a word/string)

/\<[A-Z0-9]\{33}\>

 

======= Win x32/x64 Optimizations NOTES =======

 

Download custom build from:

#Vim 7.4.796 builds for Windows (32-bit, latest)

Haroogan/veegee are best for YCM compatibility and more..

Page on bitbucket.org (64-bit)

#Cream (for Vim) - Browse /Vim at SourceForge.net

#Wu Yongwei's Programming Page