android:shape属性详解
这一类的shape定义在xml中
- file location:
-
res/drawable/filename.xml
The filename is used as the resource ID.(这个文件名作为资源id) - compiled resource datatype:(复杂资源的数据类型)
-
Resource pointer to a
GradientDrawable
. - resource reference(资源参考):
-
In Java:
R.drawable.filename
In XML:@[package:]drawable/filename
-
syntax:(语法)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"] >
<corners
android:radius="integer"
android:topLeftRadius="integer"
android:topRightRadius="integer"
android:bottomLeftRadius="integer"
android:bottomRightRadius="integer" />
<gradient
android:angle="integer"
android:centerX="integer"
android:centerY="integer"
android:centerColor="integer"
android:endColor="color"
android:gradientRadius="integer"
android:startColor="color"
android:type=["linear" | "radial" | "sweep"]
android:useLevel=["true" | "false"] />
<padding
android:left="integer"
android:top="integer"
android:right="integer"
android:bottom="integer" />
<size
android:width="integer"
android:height="integer" />
<solid
android:color="color" />
<stroke
android:width="integer"
android:color="color"
android:dashWidth="integer"
android:dashGap="integer" />
</shape>
-
- 元素:
-
-
<shape>
-
The shape drawable. This must be the root element.
attributes:
-
xmlns:android
-
String. Required. Defines the XML namespace, which must be
"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
. -
android:shape
-
Keyword. Defines the type of shape. Valid values are:(定义这个类型的形状,变量值是:)
Value Desciption "rectangle"
A rectangle (长方形)that fills the containing View. This is the default shape.(这个是默认的形状) "oval"
An oval (椭圆形)shape that fits the dimensions of the containing View. "line"
A horizontalline that spans the width of the containing View. This shape requires the <stroke>
element to define the width of the line."ring"
A ring shape.
The following attributes are used only when
android:shape="ring"
:-
android:innerRadius
-
Dimension. The radius for the inner part of the ring (the hole in the middle), as a dimension value or dimension
resource. -
android:innerRadiusRatio
-
Float. The radius for the inner part of the ring, expressed as a ratio of the ring's width. For instance, if
android:innerRadiusRatio="5"
, then the inner radius equals the ring's width divided
by 5. This value is overridden byandroid:innerRadius
. Default value is 9. -
android:thickness
- Dimension. The thickness of the ring, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
-
android:thicknessRatio
-
Float. The thickness of the ring, expressed as a ratio of the ring's width. For instance, if
android:thicknessRatio="2"
, then the thickness equals the ring's width divided by 2. This value is
overridden byandroid:innerRadius
. Default value is 3. -
android:useLevel
-
Boolean. "true" if this is used as a
LevelListDrawable
.
This should normally be "false" or your shape may not appear.
-
-
<corners>
-
Creates rounded corners for the shape. Applies only when the shape is a rectangle.创建圆角的形状。仅适用于当其形状是一个长方形。
attributes:
-
android:radius
-
Dimension. The radius for all corners, as a dimension value or dimension resource. This is
overridden for each corner by the following attributes. -
android:topLeftRadius
- Dimension. The radius for the top-left corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
-
android:topRightRadius
- Dimension. The radius for the top-right corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
-
android:bottomLeftRadius
- Dimension. The radius for the bottom-left corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
-
android:bottomRightRadius
- Dimension. The radius for the bottom-right corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
Note: Every corner must (initially) be provided a corner radius greater than 1, or else no corners are rounded. If you want specific corners to notbe rounded, a work-around is to use
android:radius
to
set a default corner radius greater than 1, but then override each and every corner with the values you really want, providing zero ("0dp") where you don't want rounded corners. -
-
<gradient>
-
Specifies a gradient color for the shape.指定一个渐变颜色的形状。
attributes:
-
android:angle
- Integer. The angle for the gradient, in degrees. 0 is left to right, 90 is bottom to top. It must be a multiple of 45. Default is 0.
-
android:centerX
- Float. The relative X-position for the center of the gradient (0 - 1.0).
-
android:centerY
- Float. The relative Y-position for the center of the gradient (0 - 1.0).
-
android:centerColor
-
Color. Optional color that comes between the start and end colors, as a hexadecimal value or color
resource. -
android:endColor
- Color. The ending color, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.
-
android:gradientRadius
-
Float. The radius for the gradient. Only applied when
android:type="radial"
. -
android:startColor
- Color. The starting color, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.
-
android:type
-
Keyword. The type of gradient pattern to apply. Valid values are:
Value Description "linear"
A linear gradient. This is the default. "radial"
A radial gradient. The start color is the center color. "sweep"
A sweeping line gradient. -
android:useLevel
-
Boolean. "true" if this is used as a
LevelListDrawable
.
-
-
<padding>
-
Padding to apply to the containing View element (this pads the position of the View content, not the shape).适用于包含填充视图元素(这垫的位置,而不是观点内容的形状)
attributes:
-
android:left
- Dimension. Left padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
-
android:top
- Dimension. Top padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
-
android:right
- Dimension. Right padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
-
android:bottom
- Dimension. Bottom padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
-
-
<size>
-
The size of the shape.
attributes:
-
android:height
- Dimension. The height of the shape, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
-
android:width
- Dimension. The width of the shape, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
Note: The shape scales to the size of the container View proportionate to the dimensions defined here, by default. When you use the shape in an
ImageView
,
you can restrict scaling by setting theandroid:scaleType
to"center"
. -
-
<solid>
-
A solid color to fill the shape.
attributes:
-
android:color
- Color. The color to apply to the shape, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.
-
-
<stroke>
-
A stroke line for the shape.
attributes:
-
android:width
- Dimension. The thickness of the line, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
-
android:color
- Color. The color of the line, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.
-
android:dashGap
-
Dimension. The distance between line dashes, as a dimension value or dimension resource. Only
valid ifandroid:dashWidth
is set. -
android:dashWidth
-
Dimension. The size of each dash line, as a dimension value or dimension resource. Only valid
ifandroid:dashGap
is set.
-
-
- example:
-
XML file saved at
res/drawable/gradient_box.xml
: -
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<gradient
android:startColor="#FFFF0000"
android:endColor="#80FF00FF"
android:angle="45"/>
<padding android:left="7dp"
android:top="7dp"
android:right="7dp"
android:bottom="7dp" />
<corners android:radius="8dp" />
</shape>This layout XML applies the shape drawable to a View:
<TextView
android:background="@drawable/gradient_box"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content" />This application code gets the shape drawable and applies it to a View:
-
Resources res = getResources();
Drawable shape = res. getDrawable(R.drawable.gradient_box); TextView tv = (TextView)findViewByID(R.id.textview);
tv.setBackground(shape);gradient -- 对应颜色渐变。 startcolor、endcolor就不多说了。 android:angle 是指从哪个角度开始变。
gradient:渐变
android:startColor和android:endColor分别为起始和结束颜色,android:angle是渐变角度,必须为45的整数倍。
另外渐变默认的模式为android:type="linear",即线性渐变,可以指定渐变为径向渐变,android:type="radial",径向渐变需要指定半径android:gradientRadius="50"。solid -- 填充。
solid:实心,就是填充的意思
android:color指定填充的颜色stroke -- 描边。
stroke:描边
android:width="2dp" 描边的宽度,android:color 描边的颜色。
我们还可以把描边弄成虚线的形式,设置方式为:
android:dashWidth="5dp"
android:dashGap="3dp"
其中android:dashWidth表示'-'这样一个横线的宽度,android:dashGap表示之间隔开的距离。corners -- 圆角。
corners:圆角
android:radius为角的弧度,值越大角越圆。
我们还可以把四个角设定成不同的角度,方法为:
<corners
android:topRightRadius="20dp" 右上角
android:bottomLeftRadius="20dp" 右下角
android:topLeftRadius="1dp" 左上角
android:bottomRightRadius="0dp" 左下角
/>
这里有个地方需要注意,bottomLeftRadius是右下角,而不是左下角,这个不要记错了。padding -- 定义内容离边界的距离。 与android:padding_left、android:padding_right这些是一个道理。
http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoQLu/archive/2011/09/14/2176359.html
android:angle网上有各种说法,这里,我说说自己的实验结果,渐变的时候,最原始的,即android:angle=“0”时,是从左到右,按照开始颜色到结束颜色来渲染的,android:angle=“90”是从上到下来渲染的,android:angle=“180”是从右到左来渲染的,android:angle=“360”和android:angle=“0”是一样的,所以这里应该是这样的,渲染时按照最原始的渲染色板(把控件内部看作一块可以绕中心旋转的板子)围绕控件中心来旋转相应的度数,即android:angle里面的值就是所需要旋转的角度,只是这个旋转角度必须是45的整数倍
本文转自:http://blog.csdn.net/qq282133/article/details/7370467
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