SpringBoot 全局异常拦截捕获处理

一、全局异常处理

//Result定义全局数据返回对象
package com.xiaobing.demo001.domain;

public class Result {
    private Integer code;
    private String message;
    private Object data;

    public Integer getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public Object getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setCode(Integer code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }

    public void setData(Object data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public Result() {
    }

    public Result(Integer code, String message, Object data) {
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
        this.data = data;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Result{" +
                "code=" + code +
                ", message='" + message + '\'' +
                ", data=" + data +
                '}';
    }
}

(1) RestControllerAdvice注解使用，如下全局异常示例：
注解： @RestControllerAdvice 和@ControllerAdvice 是用来修饰类的，表示为一个增强类…我们定义全局异常拦截通常是使用 @RestControllerAdvice结合 @ExceptionHandler 来捕获绝大部分异常，然后统一返回Json形式…

//假如当传参为0 时肯定会报错 除数不能为0
package com.xiaobing.demo001.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("api/v1/test")
public class TestExceptionController {

    @GetMapping("abnormal")
    public void testExt() {
        int i = 1/0;
    }
}

//全局异常捕获方法
package com.xiaobing.demo001.handler;

import com.xiaobing.demo001.domain.Result;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**异常处理类
 * @author Administrator
 */
@RestControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionsHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
    Result handlerException(Exception e, HttpServletRequest request) {

        return new Result(500,"服务器异常","");
    }
}

二、针对性异常捕获

@ExceptionHandler(value = ArithmeticException.class)
    Result arithmeticExceptionException(ArithmeticException e, HttpServletRequest request) {

        return new Result(-1,"除数不能为0","");
    }

三、自定义异常捕获

//自定义异常类
package com.xiaobing.demo001.domain;

public class MyException extends RuntimeException {

    private String code;
    private String msg;

    public String getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setCode(String code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public MyException() {
    }

    public MyException(String msg) {this.msg = msg;
    }
}

//业务代码，MyException
@RestController
@RequestMapping("api/v1/test")
public class TestExceptionController {
    @GetMapping("myException")
    public void testMyExcsption() {
        throw  new MyException("自定义异常信息");
    }

//捕获我们新增的异常
@ExceptionHandler(value = MyException.class)
    Result myException(MyException e, HttpServletRequest request) {
        return new Result(-1,"自定义异常信息","");
    }

四、常用异常捕获分享

    /** 运行时异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
    public Result runtimeExceptionHandler(RuntimeException ex) {
        return Result.error("运行时异常");
    }

    /** 空指针异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(NullPointerException.class)
    public Result nullPointerExceptionHandler(NullPointerException ex) {
        return Result.error("空指针异常");
    }

    /** 类型转换异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(ClassCastException.class)
    public Result classCastExceptionHandler(ClassCastException ex) {
        return Result.error("类型转换异常");
    }
    /** 文件未找到异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(FileNotFoundException.class)
    public Result FileNotFoundException(FileNotFoundException ex) {
        return Result.error("文件未找到异常");
    }
    /** 数字格式异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(NumberFormatException.class)
    public Result NumberFormatException(NumberFormatException ex) {
        return Result.error("数字格式异常");
    }
    /** 安全异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(SecurityException.class)
    public Result SecurityException(SecurityException ex) {
        return Result.error("安全异常");
    }
    /** sql异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(SQLException.class)
    public Result SQLException(SQLException ex) {
        return Result.error("sql异常");
    }
    /** 类型不存在异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(TypeNotPresentException.class)
    public Result TypeNotPresentException(TypeNotPresentException ex) {
        return Result.error("类型不存在异常");
    }

    /** IO异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(IOException.class)
    public Result iOExceptionHandler(IOException ex) {
        log.error("IO异常：{} ", ex.getMessage(), ex);
        return Result.error("IO异常");
    }

    /** 未知方法异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(NoSuchMethodException.class)
    public Result noSuchMethodExceptionHandler(NoSuchMethodException ex) {
        log.error("未知方法异常：{} ", ex.getMessage(), ex);
        return Result.error("未知方法异常");
    }

    /** 数组越界异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class)
    public Result indexOutOfBoundsExceptionHandler(IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
        return Result.error("数组越界异常");
    }
    /** sql语法错误异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(BadSqlGrammarException.class)
    public Result BadSqlGrammarException(BadSqlGrammarException ex) {
        return Result.error("sql语法错误异常");
    }

    /** 无法注入bean异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler(NoSuchBeanDefinitionException.class)
    public Result NoSuchBeanDefinitionException(NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
        return Result.error("无法注入bean");
    }

    /** Http消息不可读异常 */
    @ExceptionHandler({HttpMessageNotReadableException.class})
    public Result requestNotReadable(HttpMessageNotReadableException ex) {
        return Result.error("Http消息不可读");
    }

    /** 400错误 */
    @ExceptionHandler({TypeMismatchException.class})
    public Result requestTypeMismatch(TypeMismatchException ex) {
        return Result.error("服务器异常");
    }

    /** 500错误 */
    @ExceptionHandler({ConversionNotSupportedException.class, HttpMessageNotWritableException.class})
    public Result server500(RuntimeException ex) {
        return Result.error("服务器异常");
    }

    /** 栈溢出 */
    @ExceptionHandler({StackOverflowError.class})
    public Result requestStackOverflow(StackOverflowError ex) {
        return Result.error("栈溢出异常");
    }

    /** 除数不能为0 */
    @ExceptionHandler({ArithmeticException.class})
    public Result arithmeticException(ArithmeticException ex) {
        return Result.error("除数不能为0异常");
    }

    /** 其他错误 */
    @ExceptionHandler({Exception.class})
    public Result exception(Exception ex) {
        return Result.error("网络连接失败，请退出后再试");
    }