django 快速实现完整登录系统

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　django 实现完整登录系统

本操作的环境：

===================

Windows 7 64

python3.5

Django 1.10

===================

创建项目与应用  ：

#创建项目

django-admin.py startproject mysite5
cd mysite5
#在项目下创建一个online应用
python manage.py3.5 startapp online

目录结构如下：

打开mysite5/mysite5/settings.py文件，将应用添加进去：

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'online',
)

设计数据库  ：

打开mysite5/online/models.py文件，添加如下内容:

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class User(models.Model):
    username = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=50)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.username

创建数据库，创建User表，用户名和密码两个字段。

下面进行数据库的同步：

注：在Django1.9之前，数据库同步只需要一条命令，那就是python3.5  manage.py syncdb。

 Django1.9之后需要以下命令：

C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\mysite5> python3.5 manage.py makemigrations #为这些修改创建迁移文件

C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\mysite5> python3.5 manage.py migrate #将这些改变更新到数据库中

C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\mysite5> python3.5  manage.py createsuperuser#创建管理员账户，不是必须

Username (leave blank to use 'fnngj'):     用户名（默认当前系统用户名）
Email address: fnngj@126.com     邮箱地址
Password:    密码
Password (again):    确认密码
Superuser created successfully.
Installing custom SQL ...
Installing indexes ...
Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)

后生成的 online_user 表就是我们models.py 中所创建的User类。

配置URL 

打开mysite5/mysite5/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from online import views

urlpatterns = [
    # Examples:
    # url(r'^$', 'mysite5.views.home', name='home'),

    url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
    url(r'^online/', include('online.urls')),
]

在mysite5/online/目录下创建urls.py文件：

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from online import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$', views.login, name='login'),
    url(r'^login/$',views.login,name = 'login'),
    url(r'^regist/$',views.regist,name = 'regist'),
    url(r'^index/$',views.index,name = 'index'),
    url(r'^logout/$',views.logout,name = 'logout'),
]

创建视图     

打开mysite5/online/views.py 文件：

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
#coding=utf-8
from django.shortcuts import render,render_to_response
from django.http import HttpResponse,HttpResponseRedirect
from django.template import RequestContext
from django import forms
from online.models import  User

#表单
class UserForm(forms.Form):
    username = forms.CharField(label='用户名',max_length=100)
    password = forms.CharField(label='密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput())

#注册
def regist(req):
    if req.method == 'POST':
        uf = UserForm(req.POST)
        if uf.is_valid():
            #获得表单数据
            username = uf.cleaned_data['username']
            password = uf.cleaned_data['password']
            #添加到数据库
            User.objects.create(username= username,password=password)
            return HttpResponse('regist success!!')
    else:
        uf = UserForm()
    return render_to_response('regist.html',{'uf':uf}, )

#登陆
def login(req):
    if req.method == 'POST':
        uf = UserForm(req.POST)
        if uf.is_valid():
            #获取表单用户密码
            username = uf.cleaned_data['username']
            password = uf.cleaned_data['password']
            #获取的表单数据与数据库进行比较
            user = User.objects.filter(username__exact = username,password__exact = password)
            if user:
                #比较成功，跳转index
                response = HttpResponseRedirect('/online/index/')
                #将username写入浏览器cookie,失效时间为3600
                response.set_cookie('username',username,3600)
                return response
            else:
                #比较失败，还在login
                return HttpResponseRedirect('/online/login/')
    else:
        uf = UserForm()
    return render_to_response('login.html',{'uf':uf},)

#登陆成功
def index(req):
    username = req.COOKIES.get('username','')
    return render_to_response('index.html' ,{'username':username})

#退出
def logout(req):
    response = HttpResponse('logout !!')
    #清理cookie里保存username
    response.delete_cookie('username')
    return response

views.py

这里实现了所有注册，登陆逻辑，中间用到cookie创建，读取，删除操作等。

创建模板 

先在mysite5/online/目录下创建templates目录，接着在mysite5/online/templates/目录下创建regist.html 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title>注册</title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>注册页面：</h1>
<form method = 'post' enctype="multipart/form-data">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{uf.as_p}}
    <input type="submit" value = "ok" />
</form>
<br>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/login/">登陆</a>
</body>
</html>

mysite5/online/templates/目录下创建login.html 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title>登陆</title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>登陆页面：</h1>
<form method = 'post' enctype="multipart/form-data">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{uf.as_p}}
    <input type="submit" value = "ok" />
</form>
<br>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/regist/">注册</a>
</body>
</html>

mysite5/online/templates/目录下创建index.html 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title></title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>welcome {{username}} !</h1>
<br>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/logout/">退出</a>
</body>
</html>

设置模板路径

打开mysite5/mysite5/settings.py文件，在底部添加：

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'online/templates'),
)

使用功能 :

注册成功，提示“regist success!!”

登陆

执行登陆操作，通过读取浏览器cookie 来获取用户名

登录成功

参考链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/p/3750596.html(虫师)