[CentOS Server] Bug when calling matlab in bash

尝试了好几遍，仍然不能用简写命令调用matlab，这里把过程记录如下。

(1). 登录 server

[She@She ~]$ ssh shecl@xx.xx.xx.xx
Last login: Mon Aug  ::  from xx.xx.xx.xx
-bash: module: command not found
-bash: module: command not found
-bash: setenv: command not found
-bash: setenv: command not found
bash: setenv: command not found...

(2). 有关 server 的 shell，环境变量等简单信息

[shecl@ ~]$ echo $
-bash

[shecl@ ~]$ pwd
/home/shecl

[shecl@ ~]$ echo $PATH
/opt/pgi/linux86-/10.6/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/lib64/openmpi/bin/:/usr/lib64/mpich/bin/:/opt/pgi/linux86-/10.6/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/home/shecl/.local/bin:/home/shecl/bin:/usr/local/MATLAB/R2015b/bin:/usr/local/MATLAB/R2015b/bin/glnxa64

[shecl@ ~]$ which matlab
alias matlab='/usr/local/MATLAB/R2015b/bin/matlab'
    /usr/local/MATLAB/R2015b/bin/matlab

[shecl@ ~]$ alias
alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
alias l.='ls -d .* --color=auto'
alias ll='ls -l --color=auto'
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias matlab='/usr/local/MATLAB/R2015b/bin/matlab'
alias mpirun='mpirun -x LD_PRELOAD=libmpi.so'
alias ncdump='/opt/netcdf/bin/ncdump'
alias opendir='nautilus'
alias openpdf='xdg-open'
alias vi='vim'
alias which='alias | /usr/bin/which --tty-only --read-alias --show-dot --show-tilde'

(3). 以简写命令的方式前台调用 matlab，成功。结果如下：

[shecl@192 ~]$ matlab
MATLAB is selecting SOFTWARE OPENGL rendering.

                            < M A T L A B (R) >
                  Copyright 1984-2015 The MathWorks, Inc.
                   R2015b (8.6.0.267246) 64-bit (glnxa64)
                              August 20, 2015

To get started, type one of these: helpwin, helpdesk, or demo.
For product information, visit www.mathworks.com.

>> datevec(now)

ans =

   1.0e+03 *

    2.0160    0.0080    0.0150    0.0170    0.0110    0.0030

>> exit

(4). 测试用的 matlab 脚本: script.m

[shecl@ ~]$ cat script.m
disp(['This demo for matlab ',datestr(now,'yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM:SS')]);
disp('Time of 127s pause');
pause();
disp(['Time is out on ',datestr(now,'yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM:SS')]);

(5). 以绝对路径的方式后台调用 matlab，成功。结果如下：

[shecl@ ~]$ nohup /usr/local/MATLAB/R2015b/bin/matlab -nojvm -nodisplay -nosplash -nodesktop < script.m >running.log >running.err &
[] >> [shecl@ ~]$ cat running.log

                            < M A T L A B (R) >
                  Copyright - The MathWorks, Inc.
                   R2015b (8.6.0.267246) -bit (glnxa64)
                              August , 

For online documentation, see http://www.mathworks.com/support
For product information, visit www.mathworks.com.

>> This demo for matlab -- ::
>> Time of 127s pause
>> >> Time is out on -- ::
>> >> []+  Done                    nohup /usr/local/MATLAB/R2015b/bin/matlab -nojvm -nodisplay -nosplash -nodesktop < script.m > running.log > running.err

(6). 以简写命令的方式后台调用 matlab，失败。结果如下：

[shecl@ ~]$ nohup matlab -nojvm -nodisplay -nosplash -nodesktop < script.m >running.log >running.err &
[]
[shecl@ ~]$ cat running.log

    matlab: No MATLAB bin directory for this machine architecture.

           ARCH = glnxa64

[]+  Exit                   nohup matlab -nojvm -nodisplay -nosplash -nodesktop < script.m > running.log > running.err

(7). bug 描述

[shecl@192 ~]$ nohup /usr/local/MATLAB/R2015b/bin/matlab -nojvm -nodisplay -nosplash -nodesktop < script.m 1>running.log 2>running.err &   # 调用成功
[shecl@192 ~]$ nohup matlab                              -nojvm -nodisplay -nosplash -nodesktop < script.m 1>running.log 2>running.err &   # 调用失败

(8). 修复建议，因权限问题，未解决

可以用创建软链接 (ln -s) 的方式修复这个 bug，但是，没有权限来执行该操作。其原因可能是远程登录时限制了权限，需要在主机上操作；也可能是该用户名未分配该权限，需要切换到超级管理员。为安全起见，不建议使用超级管理员远程登录服务器。

[shecl@ ~]$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/MATLAB/R2015b/bin/matlab /usr/local/bin/matlab
[sudo] password for shecl:
Sorry, user shecl is not allowed to execute '/bin/ln -s /usr/local/MATLAB/R2015b/bin/matlab /usr/local/bin/matlab' as root on 192.168.0.45.

记录完毕。