MySQL字符编码问题，Incorrect string value

MySQL上插入汉字时报错例如以下。详细见后面分析。

Incorrect string value: '\xD0\xC2\xC8A\xBEW' for column 'ctnr' at row 1





MySQL字符集相关參数：

character_set_server ：  服务器字符集

collation_server     ： 服务器校对规则 





character_set_database ： 默认数据库的字符集

collation_database     ： 默认数据库的校对规则





character_set_client：server使用该变量取得链接中客户端的字符集





character_set_connection：server将客户端的query从character_set_client转换到该变量指定的字符集。

character_set_results：server发送结果集或返回错误信息到client之前应该转换为该变量指定的字符集









有两个语句能够设置连接字符集。例如以下：

A

SET NAMES 'charset_name' 相当于以下三句：

mysql> SET character_set_client = x;

mysql> SET character_set_results = x;

mysql> SET character_set_connection = x;   #这个也设置了collation_connection的默认值x





B

SET CHARACTER SET charset_name 相当于以下三句：

mysql> SET character_set_client = x;

mysql> SET character_set_results = x;

mysql> SET collation_connection = @@collation_database;





character_set_results为NULL时，server对返回结果集不做不论什么转换

mysql> SET character_set_results = NULL;





由于字符集编码引起的问题在pg上报的错是：invalid byte sequence for encoding "UTF8"。详细见參考

http://blog.csdn.net/beiigang/article/details/39582583

MySQL上字符集编码引起的问题报：Incorrect string value，详细见以下实验：



1

mysql> show variables like '%character_set%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name            | Value                      |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client     | gbk                        |

| character_set_connection | gbk                        |

| character_set_database   | utf8                       |

| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |

| character_set_results    | gbk                        |

| character_set_server     | utf8                       |

| character_set_system     | utf8                       |

| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)





2

mysql> create table tb_tt (id int, ctnr varchar(60));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)





3

mysql> show create table tb_tt;

+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------+

| Table | Create Table

                                                     |

+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------+

| tb_tt | CREATE TABLE `tb_tt` (

  `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,

  `ctnr` varchar(60) DEFAULT NULL

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |

+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)





4

mysql>  insert into tb_tt(id,ctnr) values(1,'新華網');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)





5

mysql> select * from tb_tt;

+------+--------+

| id   | ctnr   |

+------+--------+

|    1 | 新華網 |

+------+--------+

1 row in set (0.02 sec)





6

mysql> set names 'UTF8';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)





7

mysql> show variables like '%character_set%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name            | Value                      |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client     | utf8                       |

| character_set_connection | utf8                       |

| character_set_database   | utf8                       |

| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |

| character_set_results    | utf8                       |

| character_set_server     | utf8                       |

| character_set_system     | utf8                       |

| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)





8

mysql>  insert into tb_tt(id,ctnr) values(2,'新華網');

ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xD0\xC2\xC8A\xBEW' for column 'ctnr' at row 1

9

If you change the default character set or collation for a database,

stored routines that use the database defaults must be dropped and

recreated so that they use the new defaults. (In a stored routine,

variables with character data types use the database defaults if the

character set or collation are not specified explicitly. See [HELP

CREATE PROCEDURE].)

參考：

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/globalization.html

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/alter-database.html

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