环境：RHEL 6.4 + Oracle 11.2.0.4

需求：单机静默安装GI软件并创建ASM实例和ASM磁盘组，为后续迁移数据库文件到ASM做准备

1. 安装配置GI软件

## 1.1 创建grid用户和相关组,创建目录,确认ASM磁盘权限,配置环境变量 ##
```
-- 创建grid用户和相关组
groupadd asmadmin
groupadd asmdba
groupadd asmoper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid
usermod -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba oracle
passwd grid
-- 创建目录
mkdir -p /u02/app/11.2.0/grid
mkdir -p /u02/app/grid
-- 赋予目录权限
chmod 775 /u02/app
chown -R grid:oinstall /u02/app/11.2.0
chown -R grid:oinstall /u02/app/grid
-- ASM磁盘
$ ls -lh /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm*
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Dec 1 13:13 /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm1 -> ../dm-2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Dec 1 13:14 /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm2 -> ../dm-3
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Dec 1 13:14 /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm3 -> ../dm-4
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Dec 1 13:14 /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm4 -> ../dm-5
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Dec 1 13:14 /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm5 -> ../dm-6
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Dec 1 13:15 /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm6 -> ../dm-7
-- 赋权并将赋权操作添加到/etc/rc.local文件中
chown grid:asmadmin /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm*
-- grid环境变量
export ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/11.2.0/grid
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
```
注意：生产环境一般用udev绑定新盘，我这里由于是Citrix虚拟化实验环境，用每个lv模拟了一个磁盘。划lv盘过程可参考《[Linux平台oracle 11g单实例 + ASM存储安装部署快速参考](http://www.cnblogs.com/jyzhao/p/4332410.html)》相关内容。
## 1.2 解压安装包 ##
```
# chmod 775 /u02/soft/
$ unzip /u02/media/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip -d /u02/soft/
```
## 1.3 静默安装GI ##
```
$ cd /u02/soft/grid/response
$ cp grid_install.rsp grid_install.rsp.bak
$ sed -i 's/^#.*$//g' *.rsp
$ sed -i '/^$/d' *.rsp
```
$ more grid_install.rsp
```
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=JY-DB01
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u02/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en
oracle.install.option=HA_CONFIG
ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/grid
ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/11.2.0/grid
oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=asmdba
oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=asmoper
oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanName=
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanPort=
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterName=
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsSubDomain=
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsVIPAddress=
oracle.install.crs.config.autoConfigureClusterNodeVIP=
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=
oracle.install.crs.config.networkInterfaceList=
oracle.install.crs.config.storageOption=ASM_STORAGE
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.diskDriveMapping=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskLocations=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskRedundancy=NORMAL
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrLocations=
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrRedundancy=NORMAL
oracle.install.crs.config.useIPMI=false
oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcUsername=
oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcPassword=
oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=oracle
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=data1
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=NORMAL
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.AUSize=1
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm1,/dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm2
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/mapper/ora*
oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=oracle
oracle.install.crs.upgrade.clusterNodes=
oracle.install.asm.upgradeASM=false
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
PROXY_REALM=
```
### 1.3.1 静默安装 ###
```
./runInstaller -responseFile /u02/soft/grid/response/grid_install.rsp -silent -ignorePrereq -showProgress
```
过程如下：
```
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 20827 MB Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4015 MB Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-12-01_03-47-21PM. Please wait ...[grid@JY-DB01 grid]$ [WARNING] [INS-30011] The SYS password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.

CAUSE: Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].

ACTION: Provide a password that conforms to the Oracle recommended standards.

[WARNING] [INS-30011] The ASMSNMP password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.

CAUSE: Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].

ACTION: Provide a password that conforms to the Oracle recommended standards.

[WARNING] [INS-32018] The selected Oracle home is outside of Oracle base.

CAUSE: The Oracle home selected was outside of Oracle base.

ACTION: Oracle recommends installing Oracle software within the Oracle base directory. Adjust the Oracle home or Oracle base accordingly.

You can find the log of this install session at:

/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-12-01_03-47-21PM.log

Prepare in progress.

.................................................. 9% Done.

Prepare successful.

Copy files in progress.

.................................................. 14% Done.

.................................................. 21% Done.

.................................................. 26% Done.

.................................................. 31% Done.

.................................................. 36% Done.

.................................................. 42% Done.

.................................................. 50% Done.

.................................................. 56% Done.

.................................................. 61% Done.

.................................................. 66% Done.

.................................................. 71% Done.

........................................

Copy files successful.

Link binaries in progress.

..........

Link binaries successful.

..........

Setup files in progress.

.................................................. 76% Done.

.................................................. 89% Done.

Setup files successful.

The installation of Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11g was successful.

Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2015-12-01_03-47-21PM.log' for more details.

.................................................. 94% Done.

Execute Root Scripts in progress.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):

1. /u02/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh

.................................................. 100% Done.

Execute Root Scripts successful.

As install user, execute the following script to complete the configuration.

1. /u02/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/configToolAllCommands RESPONSE_FILE=<response_file>

    Note:

    1. This script must be run on the same host from where installer was run.

    2. This script needs a small password properties file for configuration assistants that require passwords (refer to install guide documentation).

Successfully Setup Software.

按提示执行脚本

-- root用户执行root.sh

/u02/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh

Check /u02/app/11.2.0/grid/install/root_JY-DB01_2015-12-01_15-54-30.log for the output of root script

-- 启动资源

$ crsctl start resource -all

-- 检查has,css,evm都是online

crsctl check has

crsctl check css

crsctl check evm

-- 创建密码文件

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

$ orapwd file=orapw+ASM password=oracle entries=10 ignorecase=y

-- grid用户执行配置

$ /u02/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/configToolAllCommands RESPONSE_FILE=/u02/soft/grid/response/grid_install.rsp

注意：如果执行root.sh的脚本日志中遇到libcap.so.1找不到的错误可参考《[Oracle 11g安装GI后，运行roothas.pl脚本报错libcap.so.1找不到](http://www.cnblogs.com/jyzhao/p/3855555.html)》解决。

<h1 id="2">2. 创建ASM实例</h1>

-- ASM实例参数文件

INSTANCE_TYPE=ASM

DB_UNIQUE_NAME=+ASM

ASM_POWER_LIMIT=1

ASM_DISKSTRING=/dev/mapper/ora*

ASM_DISKGROUPS=data1

LARGE_POOL_SIZE=16M

-- 启动到nomount

SQL> startup nomount pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init+ASM.ora'

ASM instance started

Total System Global Area 1135747072 bytes

Fixed Size 2260728 bytes

Variable Size 1108320520 bytes

ASM Cache 25165824 bytes

<h1 id="3">3. 创建ASM磁盘组DATA1</h1>

## 3.1 查询可用ASM磁盘 ##

--查询v$asm_disk

set linesize 200

col path for a50

select GROUP_NUMBER, DISK_NUMBER, MOUNT_STATUS, NAME, FAILGROUP, CREATE_DATE, PATH from v$asm_disk;

--结果如下：

GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER MOUNT_S NAME FAILGROUP CREATE_DA PATH

       0           0 CLOSED                                                                          /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm6

       0           1 CLOSED                                                                          /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm5

       0           5 CLOSED                                                                          /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm1

       0           3 CLOSED                                                                          /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm3

       0           4 CLOSED                                                                          /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm2

       0           2 CLOSED                                                                          /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm4

6 rows selected.

-- 查询v$asm_diskgroup

select GROUP_NUMBER, NAME, TYPE, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, USABLE_FILE_MB from v$asm_diskgroup;

## 3.2 创建磁盘组 ##

创建ASM磁盘组data1，普通冗余，指定2个故障组。

create diskgroup data1 normal redundancy

failgroup fg1 disk '/dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm1' name d1a

failgroup fg2 disk '/dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm2' name d1b;

执行过程输出信息：

SQL> create diskgroup data1 normal redundancy

2 failgroup fg1 disk '/dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm1' name d1a

3 failgroup fg2 disk '/dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm2' name d1b;

Diskgroup created.

SQL> select GROUP_NUMBER, DISK_NUMBER, MOUNT_STATUS, NAME, FAILGROUP, CREATE_DATE, PATH from v$asm_disk;

GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER MOUNT_S NAME FAILGROUP CREATE_DA PATH

       0           0 CLOSED                                                                          /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm6

       0           1 CLOSED                                                                          /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm5

       0           2 CLOSED                                                                          /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm4

       0           3 CLOSED                                                                          /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm3

       1           1 CACHED  D1B                            FG2                            02-DEC-15 /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm2

       1           0 CACHED  D1A                            FG1                            02-DEC-15 /dev/mapper/ora_vg-lv_asm1

6 rows selected.

SQL> select GROUP_NUMBER, NAME, TYPE, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, USABLE_FILE_MB from v$asm_diskgroup;

GROUP_NUMBER NAME TYPE TOTAL_MB FREE_MB USABLE_FILE_MB

       1 DATA1                          NORMAL      10240      10138           5069

## 3.3 注册磁盘组到crsctl中 ##

### 3.3.1 添加asm服务 ###

[grid@JY-DB01 ~]$ srvctl add asm

[grid@JY-DB01 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t

NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS

Local Resources

ora.LISTENER.lsnr

ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01

ora.asm

OFFLINE OFFLINE jy-db01

ora.ons

OFFLINE OFFLINE jy-db01

Cluster Resources

ora.cssd

1 ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01

ora.diskmon

1 OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.evmd

1 ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01

### 3.3.2 创建spfile，重启ASM实例 ###

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SQL> shutdown immediate;

ASM diskgroups volume disabled

ASM diskgroups dismounted

ASM instance shutdown

SQL> startup

ASM instance started

Total System Global Area 1135747072 bytes

Fixed Size 2260728 bytes

Variable Size 1108320520 bytes

ASM Cache 25165824 bytes

ASM diskgroups mounted

ASM diskgroups volume enabled

SQL> show parameter pfile

NAME TYPE VALUE

spfile string /u02/app/11.2.0/grid/dbs/spfil

e+ASM.ora

### 3.3.3 查看资源，DATA1磁盘组已经自动注册 ###

$ crsctl stat res -t

NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS

Local Resources

ora.DATA1.dg

ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01

ora.LISTENER.lsnr

ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01

ora.asm

ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01 Started

ora.ons

OFFLINE OFFLINE jy-db01

Cluster Resources

ora.cssd

1 ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01

ora.diskmon

1 OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.evmd

1 ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01

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单机静默安装GI软件并创建ASM实例和ASM磁盘组

1. 安装配置GI软件

/u02/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh

[grid@JY-DB01 ~]$ srvctl add asm [grid@JY-DB01 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t

NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS

Local Resources

ora.LISTENER.lsnr ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01 ora.asm OFFLINE OFFLINE jy-db01 ora.ons OFFLINE OFFLINE jy-db01

Cluster Resources

$ crsctl stat res -t

NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS

Local Resources

ora.DATA1.dg ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01 ora.LISTENER.lsnr ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01 ora.asm ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01 Started ora.ons OFFLINE OFFLINE jy-db01

Cluster Resources

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[grid@JY-DB01 ~]$ srvctl add asm

[grid@JY-DB01 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t

ora.LISTENER.lsnr

ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01

ora.asm

OFFLINE OFFLINE jy-db01

ora.ons

OFFLINE OFFLINE jy-db01

ora.DATA1.dg

ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01

ora.LISTENER.lsnr

ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01

ora.asm

ONLINE ONLINE jy-db01 Started

ora.ons

OFFLINE OFFLINE jy-db01