025医疗项目-模块二：药品目录的导入导出-HSSF导入类的封装

上一篇文章提过，HSSF的用户模式会导致读取海量数据时很慢，所以我们采用的是事件驱动模式。这个模式类似于xml的sax解析。需要实现一个接口，HSSFListener接口。

原理：根据excel底层存储（07以版本采用xml存储，以下版本采用二进制）标签决定事件出发点。

目标：在解析完一行(row)数据时进行触发。

优点：读取大数据时，不会导致内存溢出

缺点：用户在解析数据时比较困难。读取数据时速度不快的，因为读取数据的同时根据每个标签进行事件触发。

HSSF事件驱动读取文件的封装类解析。

主要用到两个类（一个是抽象类，一个是工具类）和一个接口：

第一个：工具类：HxlsRead.java:

package yycg.util;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class HxlsRead extends HxlsAbstract{

    //数据处理解析数据的接口
    private  HxlsOptRowsInterface hxlsOptRowsInterface;
    //处理数据总数
    private int optRows_sum = 0;
    //处理数据成功数量
    private int optRows_success = 0;
    //处理数据失败数量
    private int optRows_failure = 0;
    //excel表格每列标题
    private List<String> rowtitle ;
    //失败数据
    private List<List<String>> failrows;
    //失败原因
    private List<String> failmsgs ;

    //要处理数据所在的sheet索引,sheet索引从0开始
    private int sheetIndex;
    /**
     * 导入文件的名称
     * @param filename 导入文件的物理路径
     * @param sheetIndex 要读取数据所在sheet序号
     * @param hxlsOptRowsInterface 处理读取每一行数据的接口
     * @throws IOException
     * @throws FileNotFoundException
     * @throws SQLException
     */
    public HxlsRead(String filename,int sheetIndex,HxlsOptRowsInterface hxlsOptRowsInterface) throws IOException,
            FileNotFoundException, SQLException {
        super(filename);
        this.sheetIndex = sheetIndex;
        this.hxlsOptRowsInterface = hxlsOptRowsInterface;
        this.rowtitle = new ArrayList<String>();
        this.failrows = new ArrayList<List<String>>();
        this.failmsgs = new ArrayList<String>();
    }

    /**
     * 对读取到一行数据进行解析
     */
    @Override
    public void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws Exception {
        /*for (int i = 0 ;i< rowlist.size();i++){
            System.out.print("'"+rowlist.get(i)+"',");
        }
        System.out.println();*/
        //将rowlist的长度补齐和标题一致
        int k=rowtitle.size()-rowlist.size();
        for(int i=0;i<k;i++){
            rowlist.add(null);
        }
        if(sheetIndex == this.sheetIndex){
            optRows_sum++;

            if(curRow == 0){//记录标题
                rowtitle.addAll(rowlist);
            }else{
                //接口返回的结果是导入数据的结果，有成功，有失败
                String result = hxlsOptRowsInterface.optRows(sheetIndex, curRow, rowlist);
                if(result!=null && !result.equals(hxlsOptRowsInterface.SUCCESS)){
                    optRows_failure++;//失败统计数加1
                    //失败数据列表
                    failrows.add(new ArrayList<String>(rowlist));
                    failmsgs.add(result);
                }else{
                    optRows_success++;
                }
            }

        }

    }

    public long getOptRows_sum() {
        return optRows_sum;
    }

    public void setOptRows_sum(int optRows_sum) {
        this.optRows_sum = optRows_sum;
    }

    public long getOptRows_success() {
        return optRows_success;
    }

    public void setOptRows_success(int optRows_success) {
        this.optRows_success = optRows_success;
    }

    public long getOptRows_failure() {
        return optRows_failure;
    }

    public void setOptRows_failure(int optRows_failure) {
        this.optRows_failure = optRows_failure;
    }

    public List<String> getRowtitle() {
        return rowtitle;
    }

    public List<List<String>> getFailrows() {
        return failrows;
    }

    public List<String> getFailmsgs() {
        return failmsgs;
    }

    public void setFailmsgs(List<String> failmsgs) {
        this.failmsgs = failmsgs;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        HxlsRead xls2csv;
        try {
            //第一个参数就是导入的文件
            //第二个参数就是导入文件中哪个sheet
            //第三个参数导入接口的实现类对象
            xls2csv = new HxlsRead("d:/test11.xls",0,new HxlsOptRowsInterfaceImpl());
            xls2csv.process();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

第二个抽象类：

package yycg.util;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.EventWorkbookBuilder.SheetRecordCollectingListener;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.FormatTrackingHSSFListener;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.HSSFEventFactory;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.HSSFListener;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.HSSFRequest;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.MissingRecordAwareHSSFListener;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.dummyrecord.LastCellOfRowDummyRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.dummyrecord.MissingCellDummyRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.HSSFFormulaParser;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.BOFRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.BlankRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.BoolErrRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.BoundSheetRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.FormulaRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.LabelRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.LabelSSTRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.NoteRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.NumberRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.RKRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.Record;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.SSTRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.StringRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;

public abstract class HxlsAbstract implements HSSFListener {
    private int minColumns;
    private POIFSFileSystem fs;
    private PrintStream output;

    private int lastRowNumber;
    private int lastColumnNumber;

    /** Should we output the formula, or the value it has? */
    private boolean outputFormulaValues = true;

    /** For parsing Formulas */
    private SheetRecordCollectingListener workbookBuildingListener;
    private HSSFWorkbook stubWorkbook;

    // Records we pick up as we process
    private SSTRecord sstRecord;
    private FormatTrackingHSSFListener formatListener;

    /** So we known which sheet we're on */
    private int sheetIndex = -1;
    private BoundSheetRecord[] orderedBSRs;
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private ArrayList boundSheetRecords = new ArrayList();

    // For handling formulas with string results
    private int nextRow;
    private int nextColumn;
    private boolean outputNextStringRecord;

    private int curRow;
    private List<String> rowlist;
    @SuppressWarnings( "unused")
    private String sheetName;

    public HxlsAbstract(POIFSFileSystem fs)
            throws SQLException {
        this.fs = fs;
        this.output = System.out;
        this.minColumns = -1;
        this.curRow = 0;
        this.rowlist = new ArrayList<String>();
    }

    public HxlsAbstract(String filename) throws IOException,
            FileNotFoundException, SQLException {
        this(new POIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream(filename)));
    }

    //excel记录行操作方法，以行索引和行元素列表为参数，对一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型
//    public abstract void optRows(int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException ;

    //excel记录行操作方法，以sheet索引，行索引和行元素列表为参数，对sheet的一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型,rowlist存储了行数据
    public abstract void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws Exception;

    /**
     * 遍历 excel 文件
     */
    public void process() throws IOException {
        MissingRecordAwareHSSFListener listener = new MissingRecordAwareHSSFListener(
                this);
        formatListener = new FormatTrackingHSSFListener(listener);

        HSSFEventFactory factory = new HSSFEventFactory();
        HSSFRequest request = new HSSFRequest();

        if (outputFormulaValues) {
            request.addListenerForAllRecords(formatListener);
        } else {
            workbookBuildingListener = new SheetRecordCollectingListener(
                    formatListener);
            request.addListenerForAllRecords(workbookBuildingListener);
        }

        factory.processWorkbookEvents(request, fs);
    }

    /**
     * HSSFListener 监听方法，处理 Record
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void processRecord(Record record) {
        int thisRow = -1;
        int thisColumn = -1;
        String thisStr = null;
        String value = null;

        switch (record.getSid()) {
        case BoundSheetRecord.sid:
            boundSheetRecords.add(record);
            break;
        case BOFRecord.sid:
            BOFRecord br = (BOFRecord) record;
            if (br.getType() == BOFRecord.TYPE_WORKSHEET) {
                // Create sub workbook if required
                if (workbookBuildingListener != null && stubWorkbook == null) {
                    stubWorkbook = workbookBuildingListener
                            .getStubHSSFWorkbook();
                }

                // Works by ordering the BSRs by the location of
                // their BOFRecords, and then knowing that we
                // process BOFRecords in byte offset order
                sheetIndex++;
                if (orderedBSRs == null) {
                    orderedBSRs = BoundSheetRecord
                            .orderByBofPosition(boundSheetRecords);
                }
                sheetName = orderedBSRs[sheetIndex].getSheetname();
            }
            break;

        case SSTRecord.sid:
            sstRecord = (SSTRecord) record;
            break;

        case BlankRecord.sid:
            BlankRecord brec = (BlankRecord) record;

            thisRow = brec.getRow();
            thisColumn = brec.getColumn();
            thisStr = "";
            break;
        case BoolErrRecord.sid:
            BoolErrRecord berec = (BoolErrRecord) record;

            thisRow = berec.getRow();
            thisColumn = berec.getColumn();
            thisStr = "";
            break;

        case FormulaRecord.sid:
            FormulaRecord frec = (FormulaRecord) record;

            thisRow = frec.getRow();
            thisColumn = frec.getColumn();

            if (outputFormulaValues) {
                if (Double.isNaN(frec.getValue())) {
                    // Formula result is a string
                    // This is stored in the next record
                    outputNextStringRecord = true;
                    nextRow = frec.getRow();
                    nextColumn = frec.getColumn();
                } else {
                    thisStr = formatListener.formatNumberDateCell(frec);
                }
            } else {
                thisStr = '"' + HSSFFormulaParser.toFormulaString(stubWorkbook,
                        frec.getParsedExpression()) + '"';
            }
            break;
        case StringRecord.sid:
            if (outputNextStringRecord) {
                // String for formula
                StringRecord srec = (StringRecord) record;
                thisStr = srec.getString();
                thisRow = nextRow;
                thisColumn = nextColumn;
                outputNextStringRecord = false;
            }
            break;

        case LabelRecord.sid:
            LabelRecord lrec = (LabelRecord) record;

            curRow = thisRow = lrec.getRow();
            thisColumn = lrec.getColumn();
            value = lrec.getValue().trim();
            value = value.equals("")?" ":value;
            this.rowlist.add(thisColumn, value);
            break;
        case LabelSSTRecord.sid:
            LabelSSTRecord lsrec = (LabelSSTRecord) record;

            curRow = thisRow = lsrec.getRow();
            thisColumn = lsrec.getColumn();
            if (sstRecord == null) {
                rowlist.add(thisColumn, " ");
            } else {
                value =  sstRecord
                .getString(lsrec.getSSTIndex()).toString().trim();
                value = value.equals("")?" ":value;
                rowlist.add(thisColumn,value);
            }
            break;
        case NoteRecord.sid:
            NoteRecord nrec = (NoteRecord) record;

            thisRow = nrec.getRow();
            thisColumn = nrec.getColumn();
            // TODO: Find object to match nrec.getShapeId()
            thisStr = '"' + "(TODO)" + '"';
            break;
        case NumberRecord.sid:
            NumberRecord numrec = (NumberRecord) record;

            curRow = thisRow = numrec.getRow();
            thisColumn = numrec.getColumn();
            value = formatListener.formatNumberDateCell(numrec).trim();
            value = value.equals("")?" ":value;
            // Format
            rowlist.add(thisColumn, value);
            break;
        case RKRecord.sid:
            RKRecord rkrec = (RKRecord) record;

            thisRow = rkrec.getRow();
            thisColumn = rkrec.getColumn();
            thisStr = '"' + "(TODO)" + '"';
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }

        // 遇到新行的操作
        if (thisRow != -1 && thisRow != lastRowNumber) {
            lastColumnNumber = -1;
        }

        // 空值的操作
        if (record instanceof MissingCellDummyRecord) {
            MissingCellDummyRecord mc = (MissingCellDummyRecord) record;
            curRow = thisRow = mc.getRow();
            thisColumn = mc.getColumn();
            rowlist.add(thisColumn," ");
        }

        // 如果遇到能打印的东西，在这里打印
        if (thisStr != null) {
            if (thisColumn > 0) {
                output.print(',');
            }
            output.print(thisStr);
        }

        // 更新行和列的值
        if (thisRow > -1)
            lastRowNumber = thisRow;
        if (thisColumn > -1)
            lastColumnNumber = thisColumn;

        // 行结束时的操作
        if (record instanceof LastCellOfRowDummyRecord) {
            if (minColumns > 0) {
                // 列值重新置空
                if (lastColumnNumber == -1) {
                    lastColumnNumber = 0;
                }
            }
            // 行结束时， 调用 optRows() 方法，就是解析完每一行数据后，调用optRows进行这一行数据的处理，
            lastColumnNumber = -1;
            try {
                optRows(sheetIndex,curRow, rowlist);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            rowlist.clear();
        }
    }
}

一个接口：把excel中数据的导出处理，就要实现这个接口

package yycg.util;

import java.util.List;

public interface HxlsOptRowsInterface {

    public static final String SUCCESS="success";
    /**
     * 处理excel文件每行数据方法
     * @param sheetIndex 为sheet的序号
     * @param curRow    为行号
     * @param rowlist   行数据
     * @return success：成功，否则为失败原因
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public String optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws Exception;

}

总结结构如下：

我们直接看HxlsRead里面的main函数里面是怎么用的（主要看注释）：

    public static void main(String[] args){
        HxlsRead xls2csv;
        try {
            //第一个参数就是导入的文件
            //第二个参数就是导入文件中哪个sheet
            //第三个参数导入接口的实现类对象
            /**
             * 这里的HxlsOptRowsInterfaceImpl()是HxlsOptRowsInterface接口的实现类。主要是 处理excel文件每行数据方法
             * 就是说我们后续要把每一行数据存入到数据库的话，只要实现这个接口，然后在实现方法里面
             * 实现吧数据插入到数据库就可以了。这是一个接口，当我想做别的应用的话，就可以实现这个接口，做相应的功能。
             * 其他的任何结构都不用修改
             *
             */
            xls2csv = new HxlsRead("d:/test11.xls",0,new HxlsOptRowsInterfaceImpl());
            /*
             * 我们的xls2csv就是HxlsRead的类型，而HxlsRead继承了HxlsAbstract这个抽象类
             * process是HxlsAbstract这个抽象类中的具体方法。这里的xls2csv.process();实际上调用的是父类
             * 的process方法，我们看下父类的process方法，看到里面要调用optRows(sheetIndex,curRow, rowlist);这个抽象方法
             * 在子类（本类中）已经实现了这个方法，由于多态的原因，调用的就是子类的这个方法。
             *
             */
            xls2csv.process();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

这样这个类的封装就好了。