python之模块配置文件ConfigParser(在python3中变化较大)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#python 27
#xiaodeng
#python之模块ConfigParser(在python3中为configparser)
#特别注意：python3和python2关于该模块的功能用法有很大的不同.

#配置文件解析器
import ConfigParser,os

#初始化一个配置文件对象
config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()

#增加一个section
config.add_section('Section01')
config.add_section('Section02')

#给section增加属性键值对
config.set('Section01','name','xiaodeng')#set(section, option, value)
config.set('Section01','age','')
config.set('Section01','bar','python')
config.set('Section01', 'an_int', '')
config.set('Section01', 'a_bool', 'true')
config.set('Section01', 'a_float', '3.1415')
config.set('Section01', 'baz', 'fun')
config.set('Section01', 'bar', 'fengMei')
config.set('Section01', 'foo', '%(bar)s is %(baz)s!')
config.set('Section01','age','')
config.set('Section02', 'bar', 'Python')
config.set('Section02','bar','python')

#写入文件
with open('test.cfg','wb') as configFile:
    config.write(configFile)

#读取cfg文件
config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.read('test.cfg')#ConfigParser.ConfigParser instance

#取值
print config.getfloat('Section01','a_float')#getfloat(section, options)
print config.getint('Section01','an_int')#getint(section, options)
print config.getboolean('Section01','a_bool')#getboolean(section, options)

#返回一个list形式的元组；items(section, raw=False, vars=None)
print config.items('Section01')
#[('name', 'xiaodeng'), ('age', '25'), ('bar', 'fengMei'), ('an_int', '15'), ('a_bool', 'true'), ('a_float', '3.1415'), ('baz', 'fun'), ('foo', 'fengMei is fun!')]

#取所有的section名字
print config.sections()#['Section01', 'Section02']

#获取所有的配置表名字key
print config.options('Section01')#['name', 'age', 'bar', 'an_int', 'a_bool', 'a_float', 'baz', 'foo']

#删除指定Section选项下内容
config.remove_section('Section02')#测试时查看文件中还是存在Section02，但是用指令查看sections的名字时只有Section01

#get(section, option, raw=False, vars=None)
#在指定的section选项中查找特定option的value值
#注意：这里默认查找的是最后一个相同option的值
print config.get('Section01','bar')
print config.get('Section01','age')
print config.get('Section01','bar')

'''
ConfigParser -- responsible for parsing a list of
                    configuration files, and managing the parsed database.

        methods:

        __init__(defaults=None)
            create the parser and specify a dictionary of intrinsic defaults.  The
            keys must be strings, the values must be appropriate for %()s string
            interpolation.  Note that `__name__' is always an intrinsic default;
            its value is the section's name.

        sections()
        #取所有的section名字
            return all the configuration section names, sans DEFAULT

        has_section(section)
            return whether the given section exists

        has_option(section, option)
            return whether the given option exists in the given section

        options(section)
        #获取所有的配置表名字key
            return list of configuration options for the named section

        read(filenames)
            read and parse the list of named configuration files, given by
            name.  A single filename is also allowed.  Non-existing files
            are ignored.  Return list of successfully read files.

        readfp(fp, filename=None)
            read and parse one configuration file, given as a file object.
            The filename defaults to fp.name; it is only used in error
            messages (if fp has no `name' attribute, the string `<???>' is used).

        get(section, option, raw=False, vars=None)
            return a string value for the named option.  All % interpolations are
            expanded in the return values, based on the defaults passed into the
            constructor and the DEFAULT section.  Additional substitutions may be
            provided using the `vars' argument, which must be a dictionary whose
            contents override any pre-existing defaults.

        getint(section, options)
            like get(), but convert value to an integer

        getfloat(section, options)
            like get(), but convert value to a float

        getboolean(section, options)
            like get(), but convert value to a boolean (currently case
            insensitively defined as 0, false, no, off for False, and 1, true,
            yes, on for True).  Returns False or True.

        items(section, raw=False, vars=None)
            return a list of tuples with (name, value) for each option
            in the section.

        remove_section(section)
            remove the given file section and all its options

        remove_option(section, option)
            remove the given option from the given section

        set(section, option, value)
            set the given option

        write(fp)
            write the configuration state in .ini format

        add_section(self, section)
            method of ConfigParser.ConfigParser instance

        Create a new section in the configuration.
'''