stm32 使用多串口通信调试总结

前记：

  stm32使用多个串口通信，这个项目遇到了不少问题，值得反思和深入总结一下。

 

提纲：

 这次的问题，主要有几个部分组成：

A 多串口的DMA配置，这个需要注意，尽量不要使用同一个DMA通道，这个高速的接收数据的时候会出问题。

B 串口的tx和rx配置一定要检查好，不要被复用了。这个是经常遇到的坑。

C 串口的接收完成中断里面尽量少做事情。

 

源码解析：

这里面注意几个细节：

一个是串口中断的设置，如源码所示：

/**
  * @brief This function handles DMA1 channel6 global interrupt.
  */
void DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Channel6_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA1_Channel6_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_DMA_IRQHandler(&hdma_usart2_rx);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Channel6_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA1_Channel6_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles DMA1 channel6 global interrupt.
  */
void DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Channel6_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA1_Channel6_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_DMA_IRQHandler(&hdma_usart3_rx);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Channel6_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA1_Channel6_IRQn 1 */
}

另外一个是串口的配置，如下所示：

void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};
  if(uartHandle->Instance==USART2)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_MspInit 0 */

  /** Initializes the peripherals clock
  */
    PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART2;
    PeriphClkInit.Usart2ClockSelection = RCC_USART2CLKSOURCE_PCLK1;
    if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }

    /* USART2 clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_USART2_CLK_ENABLE();

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**USART2 GPIO Configuration
    PA2     ------> USART2_TX
    PA3     ------> USART2_RX
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_2|GPIO_PIN_3;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART2;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    /* USART2 DMA Init */
    /* USART2_RX Init */
    hdma_usart2_rx.Instance = DMA1_Channel6;
    hdma_usart2_rx.Init.Request = DMA_REQUEST_2;
    hdma_usart2_rx.Init.Direction = DMA_PERIPH_TO_MEMORY;
    hdma_usart2_rx.Init.PeriphInc = DMA_PINC_DISABLE;
    hdma_usart2_rx.Init.MemInc = DMA_MINC_ENABLE;
    hdma_usart2_rx.Init.PeriphDataAlignment = DMA_PDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    hdma_usart2_rx.Init.MemDataAlignment = DMA_MDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    hdma_usart2_rx.Init.Mode = DMA_NORMAL;
    hdma_usart2_rx.Init.Priority = DMA_PRIORITY_LOW;
    if (HAL_DMA_Init(&hdma_usart2_rx) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }

    __HAL_LINKDMA(uartHandle,hdmarx,hdma_usart2_rx);

    /* USART2 interrupt Init */
    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART2_IRQn, 8, 0);
    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART2_IRQn);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_MspInit 1 */
     __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(&huart2);
     HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart2, SENSOR_RX_BUFF, GPS_RX_BUFF_SIZE);
     __HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(&huart2,UART_IT_IDLE);

  /* USER CODE END USART2_MspInit 1 */
  }
  else if(uartHandle->Instance==USART3)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_MspInit 0 */

  /** Initializes the peripherals clock
  */
    PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART3;
    PeriphClkInit.Usart3ClockSelection = RCC_USART3CLKSOURCE_PCLK1;
    if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }

    /* USART2 clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_USART3_CLK_ENABLE();

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**USART2 GPIO Configuration
    PB10     ------> USART3_TX
    PB11     ------> USART3_RX
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_10|GPIO_PIN_11;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART3;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    /* USART2 DMA Init */
    /* USART2_RX Init */
    hdma_usart3_rx.Instance = DMA1_Channel3;
    hdma_usart3_rx.Init.Request = DMA_REQUEST_2;
    hdma_usart3_rx.Init.Direction = DMA_PERIPH_TO_MEMORY;
    hdma_usart3_rx.Init.PeriphInc = DMA_PINC_DISABLE;
    hdma_usart3_rx.Init.MemInc = DMA_MINC_ENABLE;
    hdma_usart3_rx.Init.PeriphDataAlignment = DMA_PDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    hdma_usart3_rx.Init.MemDataAlignment = DMA_MDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    hdma_usart3_rx.Init.Mode = DMA_NORMAL;
    hdma_usart3_rx.Init.Priority = DMA_PRIORITY_LOW;
    if (HAL_DMA_Init(&hdma_usart3_rx) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }

    __HAL_LINKDMA(uartHandle,hdmarx,hdma_usart3_rx);

    /* USART2 interrupt Init */
    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART3_IRQn, 8, 0);
    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART3_IRQn);

    // /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_MspInit 1 */
    __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(&huart3);
    HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart3, GPS_RX_BUFF, GPS_RX_BUFF_SIZE);
    __HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(&huart3,UART_IT_IDLE);
    /* USER CODE END USART2_MspInit 1 */
  }
  else if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_MspInit 0 */

  /** Initializes the peripherals clock
  */
    PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART1;
    PeriphClkInit.Usart1ClockSelection = RCC_USART1CLKSOURCE_PCLK2;
    if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }

    /* USART1 clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**USART2 GPIO Configuration
    PA9     ------> USART1_TX
    PA10     ------> USART1_RX
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_10|GPIO_PIN_9;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART3;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    // /* USART2 DMA Init */
    // /* USART2_RX Init */
    // hdma_usart1_rx.Instance = DMA1_Channel6;
    // hdma_usart1_rx.Init.Request = DMA_REQUEST_2;
    // hdma_usart1_rx.Init.Direction = DMA_PERIPH_TO_MEMORY;
    // hdma_usart1_rx.Init.PeriphInc = DMA_PINC_DISABLE;
    // hdma_usart1_rx.Init.MemInc = DMA_MINC_ENABLE;
    // hdma_usart1_rx.Init.PeriphDataAlignment = DMA_PDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    // hdma_usart1_rx.Init.MemDataAlignment = DMA_MDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    // hdma_usart1_rx.Init.Mode = DMA_NORMAL;
    // hdma_usart1_rx.Init.Priority = DMA_PRIORITY_LOW;
    // if (HAL_DMA_Init(&hdma_usart1_rx) != HAL_OK)
    // {
    //   Error_Handler();
    // }

    // __HAL_LINKDMA(uartHandle,hdmarx,hdma_usart1_rx);

    /* USART2 interrupt Init */
    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART1_IRQn, 8, 0);
    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_MspInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_MspInit 1 */
  }
}

总结：

这个是三个串口正常工作的版本，有一个串口不需要接受数据，就把接收毙掉了。目前三个串口有好的同时工作。