centos6安装完成之后必要的配置

一配置yum源

[root@centos61 ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
--:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--
[root@centos61 ~]# cat   /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
# [base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=
enabled=
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=
enabled=
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
[root@centos61 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
---- ::-- http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com... 117.161.115.189, 117.161.115.192, 117.161.115.190, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com|117.161.115.189|:... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... OK
Length: [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: “/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo” %[==============================================================>] --.-K/s in 0s -- :: ( MB/s) - “/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo” saved [/]
[root@centos61 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/6/$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6 [epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/6/$basearch/debug
failovermethod=priority
enabled=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
gpgcheck= [epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux - $basearch - Source
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/6/SRPMS
failovermethod=priority
enabled=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
gpgcheck=
[root@centos61 yum.repos.d]#  yum  repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
repo id repo name status
base CentOS- - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com ,
epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux - x86_64 ,
extras CentOS- - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
updates CentOS- - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
repolist: ,
[root@centos61 yum.repos.d]# ls
bak base.repo CentOS-Base.repo epel.repo
[root@centos61 yum.repos.d]# pwd
/etc/yum.repos.d

二安装必要的软件包

[root@centos61 ~]# yum   install -y   vim   tree   telnet   nc   nmap   net-tools   wget   bash-completion   lrzsz  chrony   bc
[root@centos61 ~]# yum   install   bash-completion
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository contrib is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package bash-completion.noarch :1.3-.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ========================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================
Installing:
bash-completion noarch :1.3-.el6 epel k Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================
Install Package(s) Total download size: k
Installed size: k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
bash-completion-1.3-.el6.noarch.rpm | kB :
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : :bash-completion-1.3-.el6.noarch /
Verifying : :bash-completion-1.3-.el6.noarch / Installed:
bash-completion.noarch :1.3-.el6 Complete!
[root@centos61 ~]#

三创建目录

存放shell脚本文件/shell_scripts

[root@centos61 ~]# mkdir  /shell_scripts,/app
mkdir: cannot create directory `/shell_scripts,/app': No such file or directory
[root@centos61 ~]# ls /
app boot etc lib lost+found mnt proc sbin srv tmp var
bin dev home lib64 media opt root selinux sys usr
[root@centos61 ~]# mkdir /shell_scripts
[root@centos61 ~]# mkdir /app/
mkdir: cannot create directory `/app/': File exists
[root@centos61 ~]# ls /app/
lost+found
[root@centos61 ~]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 % /
tmpfs % /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 % /app
/dev/sda1 % /boot
/dev/sr0 % /mnt
[root@centos61 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 : .7G rom /mnt
sda : 200G disk
├─sda1 : 1G part /boot
├─sda2 : .8G part /
├─sda3 : .5G part /app
├─sda4 : 1K part
└─sda5 : 2G part [SWAP]
[root@centos61 ~]#

四设置别名

[root@centos61 ~]# tail  -   /etc/bashrc
alias vinet0='vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0'
alias catnet0='cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0' [root@centos61 ~]# . /etc/bashrc
[root@centos61 ~]# alias
alias catnet0='cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias l.='ls -d .* --color=auto'
alias ll='ls -l --color=auto'
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias mv='mv -i'
alias rm='rm -i'
alias vinet0='vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0'
alias which='alias | /usr/bin/which --tty-only --read-alias --show-dot --show-tilde'

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