mysql8.0.30主从配置

安装包下载地址：

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

1、 解压介质包：

# tar xf mysql-8.0.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
# mv mysql-8.0.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
# mkdir mysql/{data,logs}

2、 创建mysql用户，并对目录授权

# groupadd mysql
# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql
# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql

3、编辑主从节点配置文件

以下为我的服务配置，可参考

master my.cnf

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
prompt=[\\u@\\h][\\d]>\\_

[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
user=mysql
basedir=/data/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
log-error=/data/mysql/data/mysql.err
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file=/data/mysql/data/mysql.pid

server-id=1

slow_query_log=ON
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/data/slow.log
long_query_time=1

gtid_mode=ON
enforce_gtid_consistency=ON
binlog-checksum = CRC32
master-verify-checksum = 1

binlog_format=row
expire_logs_days=7
max_binlog_size=512M
log-bin=/data/mysql/logs/mysql-bin
log_bin_index=/data/mysql/logs/mysql-bin.index
log-slave-updates = ON

character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation_server = utf8mb4_general_ci
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
lower_case_table_names=1

slave my.cnf

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
prompt=[\\u@\\h][\\d]>\\_

[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
user=mysql
basedir=/data/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data/
log-error=/data/mysql/data/mysql.err
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file=/data/mysql/data/mysql.pid

server-id=15

slow_query_log=ON
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/data/slow.log
long_query_time=1

gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
log-slave-updates = ON
skip-slave-start = true
expire_logs_days = 7
max_binlog_size  = 512M
read_only = ON

log-bin=/data/mysql/logs/mysql-bin
log_bin_index = /data/mysql/logs/mysql-bin.index
relay-log = /data/mysql/logs/relay-log
relay-log-index = /data/mysql/logs/relay-log-index
relay-log-info-file = /data/mysql/logs/relay-log.info

master-info-repository = table
relay-log-info-repository = table
#symbolic-links=0

character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation_server = utf8mb4_general_ci
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
lower_case_table_names=1

保存退出后记得修改权限

# chown mysql.mysql *

4、 初始化数据库

# cd /data/mysql
# ./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/my.cnf --basedir=/data/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data --lower_case_table_names=1 --user=mysql --initialize

--lower_case_table_names=1   不区分大小写 MySQL8需要初始化时添加，初始化不添加的话，后期在配置文件中添加重启会报错

PS：mysql.err 日志中有初始化数据库密码

5、数据库启动

# ./bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/my.cnf &

6、登录数据库修改初始密码，创建root@%账号并授权

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Root~123';
mysql> create user 'root'@'%' identified WITH mysql_native_password by 'Root~123';
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;

7、 创建数据库同步账号并授权

mysql> create user 'repl'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'repl';
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'%';
mysql> flush privileges;

8、配置主从同步，从库安装方法同上

PS：从库无需创建数据库root账号，会主动从主库同步

基于 gtid 同步——推荐

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='73.134.64.72',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='repl',MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
mysql> show slave status\G;

基于 binlog 方式同步

登录主库查询Master状态，并记录 File 和 Position 的值：

mysql> show master;

登录从库操作：

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='73.134.64.72',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='repl',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',MASTER_LOG_POS=2229;
mysql> show slave status\G;

查询主从状态（参数 Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 是否都为yes，则证明配置成功。若为no，则需要查看对应的 Last_IO_Error 或 Last_SQL_Error 的异常值）

PS：MySQL提示符配置，8.0配置文件中prompt 上述方法未生效，需配置环境变量：export MYSQL_PS1="[\u@\h][\d]> "，效果如下