Java&Selenium自动化测试之数据驱动

一、摘要

本片博文以四个方式展示自动化测试的数据驱动，数组、CSV、Excel、Mysql

二、TestNG&Csv&Driven

package testNGWithDataDriven;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

public class TestNGCsvDriven {
    public WebDriver driver;
    String baseUrl = "http://www.sogou.com";
    //使用注解DataProvider将数据集合命名为“csvTestData”
    @DataProvider(name = "csvTestData")
    public static Object[][]words() throws IOException{
        //调用类中的静态方法getTestData，获取CSV文件的测试数据
        return getTestData("F:\\TestNGWithDataDriven\\dataDriven\\src\\test\\java\\testData\\testData.csv");
    }
    @BeforeMethod
    public void beforeMethod(){
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
    }
    @Test(dataProvider = "csvTestData")
    public void testSearch(String searchWord1, String searchWord2, String searchResult){
        driver.get(baseUrl+"/");
        driver.findElement(By.id("query")).sendKeys(searchWord1+" "+searchWord2);
        driver.findElement(By.id("stb")).click();
        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(searchResult));
    }
    @AfterMethod
    public void afterMethod(){
        driver.quit();
    }
    //读取CSV文件的静态方法，使用CSV文件的绝对文件路径作为函数参数
    public static Object[][] getTestData(String fileName) throws IOException{
        List<Object[]> records = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
        String record;
        //设定UTF-8字符集，使用带缓冲区的字符输入流BufferedRead读取文件内容
        BufferedReader file = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(fileName), "GBK"));
        //忽略读取CSV文件的标题行
        file.readLine();
        /** 遍历读取文件中除去第一行外的其他所有内容
         * 并存储在名人records的ArrayList中
         * 每一个records中存储的对象为一个String数组
         */
        while ((record=file.readLine())!=null){
            String fields[]=record.split(",");
            records.add(fields);
        }
        //关闭文件对象
        file.close();
        //定义函数返值, 即Object[][]
        //将存储测试数据的list转换为一个Object的二维数组
        Object[][] results = new Object[records.size()][];
        //设置二维数组每行的值，每行是一个Object对象
        for (int i = 0; i<records.size(); i++){
            results[i] = records.get(i);
        }
        return results;
    }
}

三、TestNG&DB&Driven

package testNGWithDataDriven;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.sql.*;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class TestNGDBDriven {
    public WebDriver driver;
    String baseUrl = "http://www.sogou.com";
    @DataProvider(name="testdata")
    public static Object[][] words() throws IOException{
        return getTestData("testdata");
    }
    @Test(dataProvider = "testdata")
    public void testSearch(String searchWord1, String searchWord2, String searchResult){
        driver.get(baseUrl + "/");
        driver.findElement(By.id("query")).sendKeys(searchWord1+" "+searchWord2);
        driver.findElement(By.id("stb")).click();
        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(searchResult));
    }
    @BeforeMethod
    public void beforeMethod(){
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
    }
    @AfterMethod
    private void afterMethod(){
        driver.quit();
    }
    public static Object[][] getTestData(String tablename) throws IOException{
        //声明Mysql数据库的驱动
        String dbDriver = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/testng?useUnicode=true&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=UTC";
        String user = "root";
        String password = "root";
        //声明存储测试数据的List对象
        List<Object[]> records = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
        try{
            //设定驱动
            Class.forName(dbDriver);
            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
            if (!conn.isClosed())
                System.out.println("连接数据库成功");
            //创建statement对象
            Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
            //拼接sql语句
            String sql = String.format("Select * from %s", tablename);
            //声明结果集对象rs，用于存储执行sql语句返回的数据结果集
            ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);
            //声明一个ResultSetMetaData对象
            ResultSetMetaData rsMetaData = rs.getMetaData();
            //调用ResultSetMetaData对象的getColumnCount方法获取数据行的列数
            int cols = rsMetaData.getColumnCount();
            /**使用next方法遍历数据结果集中的所有数据行*/
            while (rs.next()){
                //声明一个字符串型数组，数组大小使用数据行的列个数进行声明
                String fields[] = new String[cols];
                int col = 0;
                //遍历所有数据行中的所有数据，并存储在字符串数组中
                for (int colIdx = 0; colIdx<cols; colIdx++){
                    fields[col] = rs.getString(colIdx+1);
                    col++;
                }
                //将每一行的数据存储到字符串数组后，存储到records中
                records.add(fields);
                //输出数据行中的前三列内容，用于验证数据库内容是否正确读取
                System.out.println(rs.getString(1)+" "+rs.getString(2)+" "+rs.getString(3));
            }
            //关闭数据结果集对象
            rs.close();
            //关闭数据库连接
            conn.close();
        }catch (ClassNotFoundException e){
            System.out.println("未能找到Mysql的驱动类");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //定义函数返回值,即Object[][]
        //将存储测试数据的list转换为一个Object的二维数组
        Object[][] results = new Object[records.size()][];
        //设置二维数组每行的值，每行是一个Object对象
        for (int i = 0; i<records.size(); i++){
            results[i] = records.get(i);
        }
        return results;
    }

}

四、TestNG&Array&Driven

package testNGWithDataDriven;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class TestNGDriven {
    private static WebDriver driver;
    @DataProvider(name="searchWords")
    public static Object[][] words(){
        return new Object[][]{{"蝙蝠侠","主演","迈克尔"},{"超人","导演","唐纳"},{"生化危机","编剧","安德森"}};
    }
    @Test(dataProvider = "searchWords")
    public void test(String searchWord1, String searchWord2, String SearchResult){
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        driver.get("http://www.sogou.com");
        driver.findElement(By.id("query")).sendKeys(searchWord1+" "+searchWord2);
        driver.findElement(By.id("stb")).click();
        try{
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        }catch (InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(SearchResult));
        driver.quit();

    }
}

五、TestNG&Excel&Driven

package testNGWithDataDriven;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class TestNGExcelDriven {
    public WebDriver driver;
    String baseUrl = "http://www.sogou.com";
    @DataProvider(name="testData")
    public static Object[][] words() throws IOException{
        return getTestData("F:\\TestNGWithDataDriven\\dataDriven\\src\\test\\java\\testData", "testData.xlsx", "Sheet1");
    }
    @Test(dataProvider = "testData")
    public void testSearchExcel(String searchWord1, String searchWord2, String searchWord3, String searchResult){
        driver.get(baseUrl + "/");
        driver.findElement(By.id("query")).sendKeys(searchWord1+" "+searchWord2+" "+searchWord3);
        driver.findElement(By.id("stb")).click();
        Assert.assertTrue(driver.getPageSource().contains(searchResult));
    }
    @BeforeMethod
    public void beforeMethod(){
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
    }
    @AfterMethod
    private void afterMethod(){
        driver.quit();
    }
    public static Object[][] getTestData(String filePath, String fileName, String sheetName) throws IOException{
        File file = new File(filePath + "\\" + fileName);
        //创建FileInputStream对象用于读取Excel文件
        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
        //声明Workbook对象
        Workbook workbook = null;
        //获取文件名参数的扩展名，判断是.xlsx文件还是.xls文件
        String fileExtensionName = fileName.substring(fileName.indexOf("."));
        //如果是.xlsx,则用XSSFWorkbook对象进行实例化，如果是.xls则使用HSSFWorkbook对象进行实例化
        if (fileExtensionName.equals(".xlsx")){
            workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
        }
        else if (fileExtensionName.equals(".xls")) {
            workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
        }
        //通过sheetName参数生成Sheet对象
        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetName);
        //获取Excel数据文件Sheet1中数据的行数，getLastRowNum方法获取数据的最后一行行号
        //getFirstRowNum方法获取数据的第一行行号，相减之后算出数据的行数
        //Excel行和列都是从0开始
        int rowCount = sheet.getLastRowNum()-sheet.getFirstRowNum();
        //创建名为records的list对象来存储从Excel数据文件读取的数据
        List<Object[]> records = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
        //使用两个for循环遍历Excel数据文件除去第一行外所有数据
        //所以i从1开始，而不是从0开始
        for (int i = 1; i<rowCount+1; i++){
            Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
            //声明一个数组，用来存储Excel数据文件每行中的数据，数组的大小用getLastCellNum办法来进行动态声明，实现测试数据个数和数组大小相一致
            String fields[] = new String[row.getLastCellNum()];
            for (int j = 0; j<row.getLastCellNum();j++){
                //调用getCell和getStringCellValue方法获取Excel文件中的单元格数据
                fields[j] = row.getCell(j).getStringCellValue();
            }
            //将fields的数据兑现存储到records的list中
            records.add(fields);
        }
        //定义函数返回值，即Object[][]
        //将存储测试数据的list转换为一个Object的二维数组
        Object[][] results = new Object[records.size()][];
        //设置二维数组每行的值，每行是一个Object对象
        for (int i = 0; i<records.size(); i++){
            results[i] = records.get(i);
        }
        return results;
    }
}