ios存储 plist 偏好设置 自定义对象存储

1，plist

Plist注意：不能存储自定义对象

Plist：数组和字典,
  如何判断一个对象能不能使用Plist，就看下有没有writeToFile

获取应用的文件夹（应用沙盒）

NSString* homePath=NSHomeDirectory();

获取temp

NSTemporaryDirectory();

获取Cache文件路径

NSSearchPathDirectory:搜索的目录

NSSearchPathDomainMask:搜索范围NSUserDomainMask表示在用户的手机上查找

expandTilde是否展开全路径，如果没有展开 应用沙盒的路径就~

存储一定要展开路径

获取文件存取路径，此处以cache为例

NSString* cachePath=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory,NSUserDomainMask,YES)[0];

拼接文件名称

NSString* filePath=[cachePath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"personArr.plist"];

File：文件全路径 存

[arr writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES]

取

NSArray* arr=[NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:filePath];

 //
 //  ViewController.m
 //  05-PIist存储
 //
 //  Created by xiaomage on 15/6/13.
 //  Copyright (c) 2015年 xiaomage. All rights reserved.
 //

 #import "ViewController.h"
 #import "Person.h"

 @interface ViewController ()

 @end

 @implementation ViewController
 // 点击存储的时候调用
 - (IBAction)save:(id)sender {
     Person *p = [[Person alloc] init];
     // Plist注意：不能存储自定义对象
     // Plist：数组和字典,
     // 如何判断一个对象能不能使用Plist，就看下有没有writeToFile
     NSArray *arr = @[@"",@,p];

     // 获取应用的文件夹（应用沙盒）
 //    NSString *homePath = NSHomeDirectory();

     // 获取temp
 //    NSTemporaryDirectory();

     // 获取Cache文件路径
     // NSSearchPathDirectory:搜索的目录
     // NSSearchPathDomainMask：搜索范围 NSUserDomainMask:表示在用户的手机上查找
     // expandTilde 是否展开全路径，如果没有展开，应用的沙盒路径就是~
     // 存储一定要要展开路径
     NSString *cachePaht = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)[];

     // 拼接文件名
     NSString *filePath = [cachePaht stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"personArr.plist"];

     NSLog(@"%@",cachePaht);

     // File:文件的全路径
     [arr writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];

 }

 - (IBAction)read:(id)sender {

     NSString *cachePaht = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)[];

     // 拼接文件名
     NSString *filePath = [cachePaht stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"arr.plist"];

    NSArray *arr = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:filePath];

     NSLog(@"%@",arr);

 }

 - (void)viewDidLoad {
     [super viewDidLoad];
     // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
 }

 - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
     [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
     // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
 }

 @end

2偏好设置

好处：不用关心文件名称，快速做键值对存储，

底层：就是封装了一个字典

获取偏好设置对象

NSUserDefaults *userDefaults=[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];

存

[userDefaults setObject:@"lxl" forKey:@"account"];

[userDefaults setBool:YES forKey:@"rmbPwd"];

iso7之前默认不会马上把缓存跟硬盘同步

要调用 [userDefaults synchronize];

默认生成一个plist文件 plist不能存自定对象

取

[userDefaults objectForKey:@"account"];

[userDefaults BoolForKey:@"rmbPwd"];

 //
 //  ViewController.m
 //  06-偏好设置
 //
 //  Created by xiaomage on 15/6/13.
 //  Copyright (c) 2015年 xiaomage. All rights reserved.
 //

 #import "ViewController.h"

 @interface ViewController ()

 @end

 @implementation ViewController

 // 偏好设置存储:
 // 好处：1.不需要关心文件名
 // 2.快速做键值对存储

 // 底层：就是封装了一个字典
 // account:xmg pwd:123 rmbPwd:YES
 - (IBAction)save:(id)sender {

     NSUserDefaults *userDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];

     [userDefaults setObject:@"xmg" forKey:@"account"];
     [userDefaults setObject:@"" forKey:@"pwd"];
     [userDefaults setBool:YES forKey:@"rmbPwd"];
     // 在iOS7之前，默认不会马上把跟硬盘同步
     // 同步
     [userDefaults synchronize];

 }
 - (IBAction)read:(id)sender {
    NSString *pwd = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"pwd"];

     NSLog(@"%@",pwd);

 }

 - (void)viewDidLoad {
     [super viewDidLoad];
     // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
 }

 - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
     [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
     // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
 }

 @end

3自定义对象存储

获取文件路径

NSString * filePath=[NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory,NSUserDomainMask,YES)[0] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"person.data"];

对象

Person* p=[[Person alloc]init];

存

[NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:p toFile:filePath];

取

Person* p=[NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:filePath];

一个自定义对象想要归档需要实现协议NSCoding，并实现协议的2个方法

描述对象的那些属性归档

- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder;

描述对象的那些属性解档

- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder;

实现initWithCoder注意如果当前自定义类的父类没有实现NSCoding协议就不能调用super initWithCoder:

而是调 super init

通过xib,storyboard创建的页面会调用initWithCoder

通过代码创建的页面会调用initWithFrame

 //
 //  ViewController.m
 //  07-自定义对象归档
 //
 //  Created by xiaomage on 15/6/13.
 //  Copyright (c) 2015年 xiaomage. All rights reserved.
 //

 #import "ViewController.h"
 #import "Person.h"

 @interface ViewController ()

 @end

 @implementation ViewController
 - (IBAction)save:(id)sender {

     Person *p = [[Person alloc] init];
     p.age = ;

     // 获取cache
     NSString *cachePath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)[];

     // 获取文件的全路径
     NSString *filePath = [cachePath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"person.data"];

     // 把自定义对象归档
     [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:p toFile:filePath];

 }
 - (IBAction)read:(id)sender {

     // 获取cache
     NSString *cachePath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)[];

     // 获取文件的全路径
     NSString *filePath = [cachePath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"person.data"];

     // 解档
     Person *p = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:filePath];

     NSLog(@"%d",p.age);

 }

 - (void)viewDidLoad {
     [super viewDidLoad];
     // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
 }

 - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
     [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
     // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
 }

 @end

 //
 //  Person.h
 //  07-自定义对象归档
 //
 //  Created by xiaomage on 15/6/13.
 //  Copyright (c) 2015年 xiaomage. All rights reserved.
 //

 #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

 // 如果一个自定义对象想要归档，必须遵守NSCoding协议，实现协议方法。
 @interface Person : NSObject<NSCoding>
 @property (nonatomic, assign) int age;
 @property (nonatomic, strong) NSString* name;
 @end

 //
 //  Person.m
 //  07-自定义对象归档
 //
 //  Created by xiaomage on 15/6/13.
 //  Copyright (c) 2015年 xiaomage. All rights reserved.
 //

 #import "Person.h"

 @implementation Person

 // 什么时候调用：自定义对象归档的时候

 // 作用：用来描述当前对象里面的哪些属性需要归档
 - (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder
 {
     // name
     [aCoder encodeObject:_name forKey:@"name"];

     // age
     [aCoder encodeInt:_age forKey:@"age"];

 }

 // 什么时候调用:解档对象的时候调用

 // 作用：用来描述当前对象里面的哪些属性需要解档
 // initWithCoder：就是用来解析文件的。
 - (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder
 {
     // super:NSObject
 #warning 什么时候需要调用initWithCoder
     if (self = [super init]) {

         // 注意：一定要给成员变量赋值
         // name
        _name = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"name"];

         // age
        _age = [aDecoder decodeIntForKey:@"age"];

     }
     return self;

 }

 @end