基础才是重中之重~用好configSections让配置信息更规范

对于小型项目来说，配置信息可以通过appSettings进行配置，而如果配置信息太多，appSettings显得有些乱，而且在开发人员调用时，也不够友好，节点名称很容易写错，这时，我们有几种解决方案

1 自己开发一个配置信息持久化类，用来管理配置信息，并提供面向对象的支持

2 使用.net自带的configSections，将配置信息分块管理，并提供实体类，便于开发人员友好的去使用它

本文主要说说第二种方案，它由实体类，实体类工厂及配置文件三个部分，看代码：

实体类设计：

namespace Configer
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 网站信息配置节点
    /// </summary>
    public class WebConfigSection : ConfigurationSection
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 网站名称
        /// </summary>
        [ConfigurationProperty("WebName", DefaultValue = "", IsRequired = true, IsKey = false)]
        public string WebName
        {

            get { return (string)this["WebName"]; }
            set { this["WebName"] = value; }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 网站域名
        /// </summary>
        [ConfigurationProperty("DoMain", DefaultValue = "", IsRequired = true, IsKey = false)]
        public string DoMain
        {

            get { return (string)this["DoMain"]; }
            set { this["DoMain"] = value; }
        }

    }
}

实体工厂类设计，主要用来生产实体配置信息

namespace Configer
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 网站配置信息工厂
    /// </summary>
    public class WebConfigManager
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 配置信息实体
        /// </summary>
        public static readonly WebConfigSection Instance = GetSection();

        private static WebConfigSection GetSection()
        {
            WebConfigSection config = ConfigurationManager.GetSection("WebConfigSection") as WebConfigSection;
            if (config == null)
                throw new ConfigurationErrorsException();
            return config;
        }
    }
}

而最后就是.config文件了，它有configSections和指定的sections块组成，需要注意的是configSections必须位于configuration的第一个位置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="WebConfigSection" type="Configer.WebConfigSection, test"/>
  </configSections>
  <connectionStrings>
    <add name="backgroundEntities" connectionString="metadata=res://*/Model1.csdl|res://*/Model1.ssdl|res://*/Model1.msl;provider=System.Data.SqlClient;provider connection string=&quot;Data Source=.\sqlexpress;Initial Catalog=background;Integrated Security=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True&quot;" providerName="System.Data.EntityClient" />
  </connectionStrings>

  <WebConfigSection WebName="占占网站" DoMain="www.zhanzhan.com"  />
  <appSettings>
    <add key="site" value="www.zzl.com"/>

  </appSettings>
</configuration>

以上三步实现后，我们就可以调用了，呵呵

  static void Main(string[] args)
   {
     Console.WriteLine(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["site"]);
     Console.WriteLine(WebConfigManager.Instance.DoMain);
     Console.WriteLine(WebConfigManager.Instance.WebName);
   }

结果如下：

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