Prometheus alertmanager邮件发送+grafana告警展示

前言

前面一篇博客，我已经介绍了prometheus如何监控mysql。

这一篇我来介绍如何通过alertmanger进行告警邮件发送（微信或钉钉类似，因为需要企业帐户，我就不试了），以及如何通过grafana查看告警。

开始演示

测试机器

Prometheus： 192.168.56.140

Host01：192.168.56.103

安装alertmanager

获取安装包

wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.22.2/alertmanager-0.22.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz

创建目录

mkdir -p /etc/alertmanager/

mkdir -p /etc/alertmanager/data

mkdir -p /etc/alertmanager/template/

获取邮件模板

[root@prometheus-server template]# pwd

/etc/alertmanager/template

[root@prometheus-servertemplate]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/prometheus/alertmanager/master/template/default.tmpl

复制文件到/etc/alertmanager目录

[root@prometheus-server ftpusr]cp ./alertmanager-0.22.2.linux-amd64/alertmanager* /etc/alertmanager/.

配置启动服务

[root@prometheus-server alertmanager]# cat /etc/systemd/system/alertmanager.service

[Unit]

Description=Alertmanager

After=network.target

[Service]

Type=simple

User=prometheus

ExecStart=/etc/alertmanager/alertmanager \

  --config.file=/etc/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml \

  --storage.path=/etc/alertmanager/data

Restart=on-failure

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置alertmanager邮件发送

如下我使用的是163邮箱来发送邮件。

如需使用SMTP服务，需要先开启服务。开启后，增加授权码，如下配置文件里面的smtp_auth_password填写的是授权码（而不是个人邮箱密码）

[root@prometheus-server alertmanager]# cat alertmanager.yml

global:

  smtp_smarthost: 'smtp.163.com:25'

  smtp_from: 'xxxx@163.com'

  smtp_auth_username: 'xxxx@163.com'

  smtp_auth_password: 'xxxxxxxxxxx'

  smtp_require_tls: false

templates:

  - '/etc/alertmanager/template/*.tmpl'

route:

  group_by: ['alertname','cluster','service']

  group_wait: 10s

  group_interval: 10s

  repeat_interval: 10m

  receiver: 'default-receiver'

receivers:

- name: 'default-receiver'

  email_configs:

  - to: '20889922@qq.com'

    html: '{{ template "email.default.html" . }}'

    headers: { Subject: "Prometheus 告警测试邮件" }

启动服务

service alertmanager start

prometheus配置alertmanager

prometheus.yml配置

# Alertmanager configuration

alerting:

  alertmanagers:

  - static_configs:

    - targets: ["localhost:9093"]

      # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.

rule_files:

  - "rules.yml"

  # - "first_rules.yml"

  # - "second_rules.yml"

rules.yml配置

[root@prometheus-server prometheus]# cat rules.yml

# hostStatsAlert

groups:

- name: hostStatsAlert

  rules:

  - alert: NodeDown

    expr: up == 0

    for: 1m

    labels:

      severity: "Critical"

    annotations:

      summary: "Instance {{$labels.instance}} down"

      description: "{{$labels.instance}} of job {{$labels.job}} has been down for more than 5 minutes."

  - alert: NodeCPUUsage

    expr: sum(avg without (cpu)(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode!='idle'}[5m]))) by (instance) > 0.85

    for: 1m

    labels:

      severity: "Warning"

    annotations:

      summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} CPU usgae high"

      description: "{{ $labels.instance }} CPU usage above 85% (current value: {{ $value }})"

  - alert: NodeMemoryUsage

    expr: (node_memory_MemTotal_bytes - node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes)/node_memory_MemTotal_bytes > 0.85

    for: 1m

    labels:

      severity: "Warning"

    annotations:

      summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} MEM usgae high"

      description: "{{ $labels.instance }} MEM usage above 85% (current value: {{ $value }})"

  - alert: filesystemUsageAlert

    expr: 100 - ((node_filesystem_avail_bytes{mountpoint="/",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"} * 100) / node_filesystem_size_bytes {mountpoint="/",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}) > 85

    for: 1m

    labels:

      severity: "Warning"

    annotations:

      summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} root DISK usgae high"

      description: "{{ $labels.instance }} root DISK usage above 85% (current value: {{ $value }})"

重新启动prometheus使服务生效

service prometheus restart

查看告警邮件

等待几分钟后，可以看到邮件的告警信息

登录alertmanager端口，也可查看告警信息

http://192.168.56.140:9093/

Alertmanager grafana展示

安装

grafana-cli plugins install camptocamp-prometheus-alertmanager-datasource

安装完后，重新启动grafana-server

service grafana-server restart

添加alertmanager datasource

导入dashboard

展示效果

碰到的问题与解决方法

告警展示的时候，虽然alerts有两个告警，但downnode却显示没有。

通过下载展示的JSON文件，查看原来是altername在告警文件中，与JSON文件中不匹配。匹配完成就OK了。

serverity在邮件显示正常，但是grafana无法正常显示。这个还没调查清楚。

估计得需要谷歌了。但是，你能体会中国人无法上谷歌的痛苦吗？

参考资料：

https://www.cnblogs.com/danny-djy/p/11097726.html

https://medium.com/devops-dudes/prometheus-alerting-with-alertmanager-e1bbba8e6a8e