mysql5.7二进制包进行多实例安装

一、需求

在一台服务器上安装mysql5.7,并且部署两个实例：3306用于本机主库，3307用于其他MYSQL服务器的从库

二、下载mysql二进制包

[root@push-- src]# mkdir /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.
[root@push-- src]# cd /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.
[root@push-- mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

三、解压、添加环境变量

[root@push-- mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql-5.7.26
[root@push-5-222 /]# vim /etc/profile
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/bin
root@push-5-222 /]# source /etc/profile

四、配置3306和3307各自对应的目录

数据目录: /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3306 /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/330X

日志目录:/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3306 /home/mysql-5.7.26/log/330X

socket：/var/lib/mysql/330X/mysql.sock

pid-file：/var/run/mysqld/330X/mysqld.pid

log-error：/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/330X/mysqld.log

[root@push-- home]# mkdir -p /home/mysql-5.7./data/
[root@push-- mysql-5.7.]# mkdir -p /home/mysql-5.7./data/
[root@push-- mysql-5.7.]# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql/
[root@push-- mysql-5.7.]# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql/
[root@push-- mysql-5.7.]# mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld/
[root@push-- mysql-5.7.]# mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld/
[root@push-- mysql-5.7.]# mkdir -p /home/mysql-5.7./log/
[root@push-- mysql-5.7.]# mkdir -p /home/mysql-5.7./log/

五、将对应的目录授权给mysql用户

[root@push-- mysql-5.7.]# chown -R mysql:mysql /home/mysql-5.7./
[root@push-- /]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
[root@push-- /]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld

六、编辑my-330x配置文件

[root@push-- /]# mkdir /etc/mysql
[root@push-- /]# chown -R mysql:mysql /etc/mysql/
[root@push-- /]# vim /etc/mysql/my-.cnf

[mysqld]
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
user=mysql
port=
datadir=/home/mysql-5.7./data/
socket=/var/lib/mysql//mysql.sock
server_id=
#log-bin=master-
#binlog_format=row
#skip-grant-tables
symbolic-links=
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld//mysqld.pid
log-error=/home/mysql-5.7./log//mysqld.log

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/home/mysql-5.7./log//mysqld.log

[root@push-- /]# vim /etc/mysql/my-.cnf

[mysqld]
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
user=mysql
port=
datadir=/home/mysql-5.7./data/
socket=/var/lib/mysql//mysql.sock
server_id=
symbolic-links=
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld//mysqld.pid
log-error=/home/mysql-5.7./log//mysqld.log

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/home/mysql-5.7./log//mysqld.log

七、初始化3306和3307数据库

[root@push-- /]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-.cnf --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7./ --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7./data/
[root@push-- /]# 

没有报错，查看数据目录是否有系统数据文件

[root@push-- /]# ll /home/mysql-5.7./data/
总用量
-rw-r-----  mysql mysql        5月   : auto.cnf
-rw-r-----  mysql mysql       5月   : ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----  mysql mysql  5月   : ibdata1
-rw-r-----  mysql mysql  5月   : ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----  mysql mysql  5月   : ib_logfile1
drwxr-x---  mysql mysql      5月   : mysql
drwxr-x---  mysql mysql      5月   : performance_schema
drwxr-x---  mysql mysql      5月   : sys

再查看日志文件查找生成的随机root密码，用于第一次登陆数据库使用

[root@push-- /]# cat /home/mysql-5.7./log//mysqld.log |grep password
--27T00::.406309Z  [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: -QOhO4-KccHl

此时，数据库初始化完成了，3307也是同样的操作

[root@push-- /]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-.cnf --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7./ --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7./data/
[root@push-- /]# ll /home/mysql-5.7./data/
总用量
-rw-r-----  mysql mysql        5月   : auto.cnf
-rw-r-----  mysql mysql       5月   : ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----  mysql mysql  5月   : ibdata1
-rw-r-----  mysql mysql  5月   : ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----  mysql mysql  5月   : ib_logfile1
drwxr-x---  mysql mysql      5月   : mysql
drwxr-x---  mysql mysql      5月   : performance_schema
drwxr-x---  mysql mysql      5月   : sys
[root@push-- /]# cat /home/mysql-5.7./log//mysqld.log |grep password
--27T00::.147398Z  [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: <,XBJ?ksp4ZQ

八、分别启动3306和3307数据库

[root@push-- /]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-.cnf&
[]
[root@push-- /]# --27T00::.964704Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3306/mysqld.log'.
--27T00::.031905Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /home/mysql-5.7./data/

查看是否有mysqld进程

[root@push-- /]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
root         : pts/    :: /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql-5.7./bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-.cnf
mysql        : pts/    :: /usr/local/mysql-5.7./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7. --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7./data/ --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7./lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/home/mysql-5.7./log//mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld//mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql//mysql.sock --port=
root         : pts/    :: grep --color=auto mysqld

[root@push-- /]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-.cnf&
[]
[root@push-- /]# --27T00::.035649Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3307/mysqld.log'.
--27T00::.095446Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /home/mysql-5.7./data/
^C
[root@push-- /]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
root         : pts/    :: /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql-5.7./bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-.cnf
mysql        : pts/    :: /usr/local/mysql-5.7./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7. --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7./data/ --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7./lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/home/mysql-5.7./log//mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld//mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql//mysql.sock --port=
root         : pts/    :: /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql-5.7./bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-.cnf
mysql        : pts/    :: /usr/local/mysql-5.7./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7. --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7./data/ --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7./lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/home/mysql-5.7./log//mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld//mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql//mysql.sock --port=
root         : pts/    :: grep --color=auto mysqld

此时可以看到3306和3307两个mysqld_safe进程都启动了

八、分别登录3306和3307数据库修改密码

[root@push-- /]# mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql//mysql.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.7.

Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xxxxxxxxxxxx';
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

注意，这里一定要使用 -S 方式来连接mysql，修改3307数据库密码

[root@push-- /]# mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql//mysql.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.7.

Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xxxxxxxxx';
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

退出，并重新用新密码登录。

九、设置远程访问权限

[root@push-- /]# mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql//mysql.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.7. MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched:   Changed:   Warnings: 

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

，然后通过其他机器客户端连接3306成功。

3307也是同样操作

[root@push-- /]# mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql//mysql.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.7. MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched:   Changed:   Warnings: 

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

此时，双实例安装成功。

十、多实例的启动和停止

停止3306实例:  mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/3307/mysql.sock shutdown

启动3306实例: mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3306.cnf &

连接3306实例:mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/3306/mysql.sock