Delphi7 客户端调用WebService（天气预报）

客户程序：
第一步：新建一个Application。

第二步：File----->New----->Other------>WebServices----->WSDL Importer

然后在Location of WSDL File or URL中填入：

http://10.22.30.61:36601/MonitorService.asmx?wsdl

或 http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl，然后确定即生成了一个新的接口定义单元。

第二步：在主form上放上一个按钮和一个Httprio组件（在WebServices页上），并引用第二个单元（即通过WSDL Importer自动生成的单元）

在Httprio的属性页上的WsdlLocation里面填上http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl；然后在Httprio属性页上的Port和Service上选择上相应的数据即可。

第三步：书写客户调用程序，原代码如下：

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  i: Integer;
  TMP_Weather: ArrayOfString;
begin
  //http://developer.51cto.com/art/200908/147125.htm
  //http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl
  TMP_Weather := (HTTPRIO1 as WeatherWebServiceSoap).getWeatherbyCityName('53698'); //石家庄

Memo1.Lines.Clear;
  for i := 0 to 22 do
  begin
    Memo1.Lines.Add(TMP_Weather[i]);
  end;
end;

---- 错误信息为：
Project Project1.exe raised exception class ERemotableException with message '服务器无法处理请求。 ---> 未将对象引用设置到对象的实例。'. Process stopped. Use Step or Run to continue.

------解决方案--------------------------------------------------------
修改一下WeatherWebService.pas这个单元，如下所示，一切就OK啦。

Delphi(Pascal) code

if HTTPRIO = nil then    RIO := THTTPRIO.Create(nil)  else    RIO := HTTPRIO;     RIO.HTTPWebNode.UseUTF8InHeader:= True;  //这里加上这一句  try    Result := (RIO as TestStationSoap);    if UseWSDL then    begin      RIO.WSDLLocation := Addr;      RIO.Service := defSvc;      RIO.Port := defPrt;    end else      RIO.URL := Addr;  finally    if (Result = nil) and (HTTPRIO = nil) then      RIO.Free;  end;    InvRegistry.RegisterInterface(TypeInfo(WeatherWebServiceSoap), 'http://WebXml.com.cn/', 'utf-8');  InvRegistry.RegisterDefaultSOAPAction(TypeInfo(WeatherWebServiceSoap), 'http://WebXml.com.cn/%operationName%');  RemClassRegistry.RegisterXSInfo(TypeInfo(ArrayOfString), 'http://WebXml.com.cn/', 'ArrayOfString');  RemClassRegistry.RegisterXSClass(getSupportDataSetResult, 'http://WebXml.com.cn/', 'getSupportDataSetResult');    InvRegistry.RegisterInvokeOptions(TypeInfo(WeatherWebServiceSoap), ioDocument);//这里加上这一句------解决方案--------------------------------------------------------补充一下，如果你用到HTTPRIO1去调webservice接口那就记得在前面加上这句HTTPRIO1.HTTPWebNode.UseUTF8InHeader:= True;//解决汉字乱码问题

本文出自：http://blog.csdn.net/gjtao1130/article/details/12193235  只是做部分修正。

//-------------以下是本人模仿的例子，窗体没有用到Httprio组件，通过GetWeatherWebServiceSoap函数处理即可。

 // ************************************************************************ //
 // The types declared in this file were generated from data read from the
 // WSDL File described below:
 // WSDL     : http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl
 // Encoding : utf-8
 // Version  : 1.0
 // (2014/12/10 11:28:28 - 1.33.2.5)
 // ************************************************************************ //

 unit WeatherWebService;

 interface

 uses InvokeRegistry, SOAPHTTPClient, Types, XSBuiltIns;

 type

   // ************************************************************************ //
   // The following types, referred to in the WSDL document are not being represented
   // in this file. They are either aliases[@] of other types represented or were referred
   // to but never[!] declared in the document. The types from the latter category
   // typically map to predefined/known XML or Borland types; however, they could also
   // indicate incorrect WSDL documents that failed to declare or import a schema type.
   // ************************************************************************ //
   // !:string          - "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"

   getSupportDataSetResult = class;              { "http://WebXml.com.cn/" }

   ArrayOfString = array of WideString;          { "http://WebXml.com.cn/" }

   // ************************************************************************ //
   // Namespace : http://WebXml.com.cn/
   // ************************************************************************ //
   getSupportDataSetResult = class(TRemotable)
   private
     Fschema: WideString;
   published
     property schema: WideString read Fschema write Fschema;
   end;

   // ************************************************************************ //
   // Namespace : http://WebXml.com.cn/
   // soapAction: http://WebXml.com.cn/%operationName%
   // transport : http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http
   // binding   : WeatherWebServiceSoap
   // service   : WeatherWebService
   // port      : WeatherWebServiceSoap
   // URL       : http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx
   // ************************************************************************ //
   WeatherWebServiceSoap = interface(IInvokable)
   ['{0AF62441-3FA0-F5D8-B6B8-B486F32F9DDE}']
     function  getSupportCity(const byProvinceName: WideString): ArrayOfString; stdcall;
     function  getSupportProvince: ArrayOfString; stdcall;
     function  getSupportDataSet: getSupportDataSetResult; stdcall;
     function  getWeatherbyCityName(const theCityName: WideString): ArrayOfString; stdcall;
     function  getWeatherbyCityNamePro(const theCityName: WideString; const theUserID: WideString): ArrayOfString; stdcall;
   end;

 function GetWeatherWebServiceSoap(UseWSDL: Boolean=System.False; Addr: string=''; HTTPRIO: THTTPRIO = nil): WeatherWebServiceSoap;

 implementation

 function GetWeatherWebServiceSoap(UseWSDL: Boolean; Addr: string; HTTPRIO: THTTPRIO): WeatherWebServiceSoap;
 const
   defWSDL = 'http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl';
   defURL  = 'http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx';
   defSvc  = 'WeatherWebService';
   defPrt  = 'WeatherWebServiceSoap';
 var
   RIO: THTTPRIO;
 begin
   Result := nil;
   if (Addr = '') then
   begin
     if UseWSDL then
       Addr := defWSDL
     else
       Addr := defURL;
   end;
   if HTTPRIO = nil then
     RIO := THTTPRIO.Create(nil)
   else
     RIO := HTTPRIO;
   RIO.HTTPWebNode.UseUTF8InHeader:= True;  //这里加上这一句
   try
     Result := (RIO as WeatherWebServiceSoap);
     if UseWSDL then
     begin
       RIO.WSDLLocation := Addr;
       RIO.Service := defSvc;
       RIO.Port := defPrt;
     end else
       RIO.URL := Addr;
   finally
     if (Result = nil) and (HTTPRIO = nil) then
       RIO.Free;
   end;
 end;

 initialization
   InvRegistry.RegisterInterface(TypeInfo(WeatherWebServiceSoap), 'http://WebXml.com.cn/', 'utf-8');
   InvRegistry.RegisterDefaultSOAPAction(TypeInfo(WeatherWebServiceSoap), 'http://WebXml.com.cn/%operationName%');
   RemClassRegistry.RegisterXSInfo(TypeInfo(ArrayOfString), 'http://WebXml.com.cn/', 'ArrayOfString');
   RemClassRegistry.RegisterXSClass(getSupportDataSetResult, 'http://WebXml.com.cn/', 'getSupportDataSetResult');
   InvRegistry.RegisterInvokeOptions(TypeInfo(WeatherWebServiceSoap), ioDocument);//这里加上这一句

 end.

自动生成的WebService文件

 unit Unit1;

 interface

 uses
   Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
   Dialogs, StdCtrls, ExtCtrls;//, InvokeRegistry, Rio, SOAPHTTPClient;

 type
   TForm1 = class(TForm)
     mmo1: TMemo;
     pnl1: TPanel;
     btn1: TButton;
     procedure btn1Click(Sender: TObject);
   private
     { Private declarations }
   public
     { Public declarations }
   end;

 var
   Form1: TForm1;

 implementation

 {$R *.dfm}
  //网页例子 http://blog.csdn.net/gjtao1130/article/details/12193235
 uses WeatherWebService;

 procedure TForm1.btn1Click(Sender: TObject);
 var
   i: Integer;
   TMP_Weather: ArrayOfString;
 begin
   //http://developer.51cto.com/art/200908/147125.htm
   //http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl
   {TMP_Weather := (htpr1 as WeatherWebServiceSoap).getSupportCity('广西');//玉林 (59453)
   mmo1.Lines.Clear;
   for i := 0 to 10 do
   begin
     mmo1.Lines.Add(TMP_Weather[i]);
   end;  }
   //TMP_Weather := (htpr1 as WeatherWebServiceSoap).getWeatherbyCityName('59453'); //深圳
   TMP_Weather := GetWeatherWebServiceSoap(False,'',nil).getWeatherbyCityName('');
   //GetWeatherWebServiceSoap(Self).getWeatherbyCityName('59453');                                                                       //玉林 (59453)
   mmo1.Lines.Clear;
   for i :=  to  do
   begin
     mmo1.Lines.Add(TMP_Weather[i]);
   end;
 end;

 end.

窗体单元文件

 object Form1: TForm1
   Left =
   Top =
   Width =
   Height =
   Caption = '天气预报WebService'
   Color = clBtnFace
   Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET
   Font.Color = clWindowText
   Font.Height = -
   Font.Name = 'MS Sans Serif'
   Font.Style = []
   OldCreateOrder = False
   PixelsPerInch =
   TextHeight =
   object mmo1: TMemo
     Left =
     Top =
     Width =
     Height =
     Align = alClient
     Color = clMoneyGreen
     ImeName = '中文 (简体) - 搜狗拼音输入法'
     ScrollBars = ssVertical
     TabOrder =
   end
   object pnl1: TPanel
     Left =
     Top =
     Width =
     Height =
     Align = alTop
     Color = clGradientActiveCaption
     TabOrder =
     object btn1: TButton
       Left =
       Top =
       Width =
       Height =
       Caption = '测试天气信息'
       TabOrder =
       OnClick = btn1Click
     end
   end
 end

窗体文件