【luogu P4180 严格次小生成树[BJWC2010]】 模板

题目链接：https://www.luogu.org/problemnew/show/P4180

这个题卡树剖。记得开O2。

这个题inf要到1e18。

定理：次小生成树和最小生成树差距只有在一条边上

非严格次小生成树：枚举每一条不在最小生成树上的边，加入到最小生成树中构成一个环。删去这个环上的最大值。（此最大值有可能与加入生成树中的边相等，故为非严格次小生成树。）重复此操作取min，得到次小生成树。（基于kruskal实现。）

严格次小生成树：与非严格次小生成树类似，不同在于为了避免删去环上的最大值等于加入生成树中的边，需要记录次最大值。恶心点所在。

于是维护最大值和次小值又成了一道数据结构题。

树剖：剖MST，查询加进来的边的两端点编号 = =

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#define ll long long
#define lson l, mid, rt<<1
#define rson mid+1, r, rt<<1|1
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 300010;
const ll inf = 1e18;
inline ll read()
{
    char ch = getchar(); ll u = 0, f = 1;
    while (!isdigit(ch)) {if (ch == '-')f = -1; ch = getchar();}
    while (isdigit(ch)) {u = u * 10 + ch - 48; ch = getchar();}return u * f;
}
ll n, m, fa[maxn], deep[maxn], size[maxn], son[maxn], top[maxn], seg[maxn], rev[maxn], W[maxn], ans = inf, num;
ll father[maxn], mstans, mstcnt;
bool vis[maxn];
struct EDG{
	ll u, v, w;
}G[maxn];//mst
struct edge{
	ll to, next, len;
}e[maxn<<2];
ll head[maxn], cnt;
void add(ll u, ll v, ll w)
{
	e[++cnt].len = w; e[cnt].next = head[u]; e[cnt].to = v; head[u] = cnt;
	e[++cnt].len = w; e[cnt].next = head[v]; e[cnt].to = u; head[v] = cnt;
}
//kruskal
bool cmp(EDG a, EDG b)
{
	return a.w < b.w;
}
ll find(ll x)
{
	return father[x] == x ? x : father[x] = find(father[x]);
}
void init()
{
	for(ll i = 1; i <= n; i++) father[i] = i;
	sort(G+1, G+1+m, cmp);
}
void kruskal()
{
	init();
	for(ll i = 1; i <= m; i++)
	{
		if(mstcnt == n-1) break;
		ll x = find(G[i].u), y = find(G[i].v);
		if(x != y)
		{
			mstans += G[i].w;
			mstcnt++;
			vis[i] = 1;
			add(G[i].u, G[i].v, G[i].w);
			father[x] = y;
		}
	}
}
//Segment_Tree
bool maxcmp(ll a, ll b)
{
	return a > b;
}
ll get_sec(ll a, ll b, ll c, ll d)
{
	ll z[5] = {a, b, c, d};
	sort(z, z+4, maxcmp);
	for(ll i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
	{
		if(z[i] != z[0]) return z[i];
	}
}
struct Segment_Tree{
	ll fir, sec;
}tree[maxn<<2];
void PushUPfir(ll rt)
{
	tree[rt].fir = max(tree[rt<<1].fir, tree[rt<<1|1].fir);
}
void PushUPsec(ll rt)
{
	tree[rt].sec = get_sec(tree[rt<<1].fir, tree[rt<<1|1].fir, tree[rt<<1].sec, tree[rt<<1|1].sec);
}
void build(ll l, ll r, ll rt)
{
	if(l == r)
	{
		tree[rt].fir = rev[l];
		return;
	}
	ll mid = (l + r) >> 1;
	build(lson);
	build(rson);
	PushUPfir(rt);
	PushUPsec(rt);
}
Segment_Tree query(ll left, ll right, ll l, ll r, ll rt)
{
	Segment_Tree max1 = {-inf,-inf}, max2 = {-inf,-inf};
	if(left <= l && r <= right)
	{
		return (Segment_Tree){tree[rt].fir, tree[rt].sec};
	}
	ll mid = (l + r) >> 1;
	if(left <= mid) max1 = query(left, right, lson);
	if(right > mid) max2 = query(left, right, rson);
	return (Segment_Tree) {max(max1.fir, max2.fir), get_sec(max1.fir, max1.sec, max2.fir, max2.sec)};
}
//Tree_cut
void dfs1(ll u, ll f, ll d)
{
	ll maxson = -1;
	size[u] = 1;
	deep[u] = d;
	fa[u] = f;
	for(ll i = head[u]; i != -1; i = e[i].next)
	{
		ll v = e[i].to;
		if(f != v)
		{
			W[v] = W[u] + e[i].len;
			dfs1(v, u, d+1);
			size[u] += size[v];
			if(maxson < size[v]) maxson = size[v], son[u] = v;
		}
	}
}
void dfs2(ll u, ll t)
{
	seg[u] = ++num;
	rev[num] = W[u] - W[fa[u]];//前缀和边权上点权
	//rev[num] = node[u];
	top[u] = t;
	if(!son[u]) return;
	dfs2(son[u], t);
	for(ll i = head[u]; i != -1; i = e[i].next)
	{
		ll v = e[i].to;
		if(v == fa[u] || v == son[u]) continue;
		dfs2(v, v);
	}
}
ll LCA(ll x, ll y, ll d)//当前边的权值
{
	ll res = -inf;
	while(top[x] != top[y])
	{
		if(deep[top[x]] < deep[top[y]]) swap(x, y);
		Segment_Tree temp1 = query(seg[top[x]], seg[x], 1, n, 1);
		x = fa[top[x]];
		res = max(res, (temp1.fir == d) ? temp1.sec : temp1.fir);
	}
	if(deep[x] < deep[y]) swap(x, y);
	Segment_Tree temp2 = query(seg[y] + 1, seg[x], 1, n, 1);
	return res = max(res, (temp2.fir == d) ? temp2.sec : temp2.fir);
}
int main()
{
	memset(head, -1, sizeof(head));
	n = read(); m = read(); //scanf("%lld%lld",&n,&m);
	for(ll i = 1; i <= m; i++) {G[i].u = read(); G[i].v = read(); G[i].w = read();}//scanf("%lld%lld%lld",&G[i].u,&G[i].v,&G[i].w);
	kruskal();
	dfs1(1, 0, 1); dfs2(1, 1);
	build(1, n, 1);
	for(ll i = 1; i <= m; i++)
	{
		if(vis[i]) continue;
		ll temp = mstans + G[i].w - LCA(G[i].u, G[i].v, G[i].w);
		if(ans > temp && temp != mstans + G[i].w && temp > mstans) ans = temp;
	}
	printf("%lld",ans);
	return 0;
}