如何使用django+celery+RabbitMQ实现异步执行

1)
安装
需要安装RabbitMQ、Celery和Django-celery
Celery和Django-celery的安装直接pip就好

2)
修改settings.py
在INSTALLED_APPS中加入app：
INSTALLED_APPS = (
  ...
  'djcelery',      
  'main',             # startapp
}

3)
添加RabbitMQ的配置：
import djcelery
djcelery.setup_loader()

BROKER_URL = 'amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672/'

#或者
#BROKER_HOST = "localhost"
#BROKER_PORT = 5672
#BROKER_USER = "guest"
#BROKER_PASSWORD = "guest"
#BROKER_VHOST = "/"

4)
创建数据库
$ python manage.py syncdb #default
$ python manage.py migrate djcelery #for south

5)
定义和调用tasks
在app（main）目录下新建文件tasks.py
from celery import task

@task()
def add(x, y):
    return x + y

6)
开启worker：
$ python manage.py celery worker --loglevel=info
$ #OR
$ python manage.py celeryd -l info --settings=settings

7)
调用任务：
$ python manage.py shell
In [1]: from main.tasks import add

In [2]: a=add.delay(1,1)

In [3]: a.ready() #worker未开启
Out[3]: False

In [4]: a=add.delay(1,1) #开启worker，重新执行

In [5]: a.ready()
Out[5]: True

In [9]: a.get() #Waits until the task is done and returns the retval.
Out[9]: 2

In [10]: a.successful()
Out[10]: True

8)运行index：$ python app.py 8000 ,运行celery：$ python manage.py celeryd -l info --settings=settings