STL---基本算法---<stl_algobase.h>概述

通过一个实例来说明这些算法的接口使用：

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <vector>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
template <class T>
struct display{
	void operator()(const T& x)const{
		cout<<x<<" ";
	}
};
int main()
{
	int ia[9]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};
	vector<int> iv1(ia,ia+5);
	vector<int> iv2(ia,ia+9);
	cout<<equal(iv1.begin(),iv1.end(),iv2.begin())<<endl;//1,true

	fill(iv1.begin(),iv1.end(),9);//区间全部填9
	for_each(iv1.begin(),iv1.end(),display<int>());
	cout<<endl;

	fill_n(iv1.begin(),3,7);
	for_each(iv1.begin(),iv1.end(),display<int>());
	cout<<endl;

	string s1[]={"jamie","jjHou","jason"};
	string s2[]={"jamie","jjhou","jerry"};
	cout<<lexicographical_compare(s1,s1+2,s2,s2+2)<<endl;
	cout<<lexicographical_compare(s1,s1+2,s2,s2+2,greater<string>())<<endl;
	 //字典序对比，s1小于s2
	return 0;
}

在看下面一些算法：

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <vector>
#include <cstring>
#include <set>
#include <iterator>
using namespace std;
template <class T>  //这是一个函数对象
struct display{
	void operator()(const T& x)const{
		cout<<x<<" ";
	}
};
int main()
{
	int ia[]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,6,6,7,8};
	vector<int> iv(ia,ia+sizeof(ia)/sizeof(int));
	cout<<count(iv.begin(),iv.end(),6)<<endl;//找出元素值为6的个数
	cout<<count_if(iv.begin(),iv.end(),bind2nd(less<int>(),7))<<endl;
	cout<<*find_if(iv.begin(),iv.end(),bind2nd(greater<int>(),2))<<endl;
	for_each(iv.begin(),iv.end(),display<int>());
	cout<<endl;
	reverse(iv.begin(),iv.end()); //逆序重排
	for_each(iv.begin(),iv.end(),display<int>());//输出每一个元素
	cout<<endl;
	int ia2[]={0,1,2};
	vector<int> iv2(ia2,ia2+3);
	vector<int>::iterator ite=find_first_of(iv.begin(),iv.end(),iv2.begin(),iv2.end());
    //在第一个区间序列中查找第二序列中任意元素第一次出现的位置，返回该位置的迭代器
	while(ite!=iv.end())
	{
		cout<<*ite<<" ";
		ite++;
	}
	return 0;
}