wxPython学习笔记

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学习wxPython 资料

1.wxpython wiki

Getting started with wxPython

https://wiki.wxpython.org/Getting%20Started

入门例子程序：

A First Application: "Hello, World"

#!/usr/bin/env python
import wx

app = wx.App(False)  # Create a new app, don't redirect stdout/stderr to a window.
frame = wx.Frame(None, wx.ID_ANY, "Hello World") # A Frame is a top-level window.
frame.Show(True)     # Show the frame.
app.MainLoop()

Explanations:

app = wx.App(False)	Every wxPython app is an instance of wx.App. For most simple applications you can use wx.App as is. When you get to more complex applications you may need to extend the wx.App class. The "False" parameter means "don't redirect stdout and stderr to a window".
wx.Frame(None,wx.ID_ANY,"Hello")	A wx.Frame is a top-level window. The syntax is wx.Frame(Parent, Id, Title). Most of the constructors have this shape (a parent object, followed by an Id). In this example, we use None for "no parent" and wx.ID_ANY to have wxWidgets pick an id for us.
frame.Show(True)	We make a frame visible by "showing" it.
app.MainLoop()	Finally, we start the application's MainLoop whose role is to handle the events.

Building a simple text editor

#!/usr/bin/env python
import wx
class MyFrame(wx.Frame):
    """ We simply derive a new class of Frame. """
    def __init__(self, parent, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, title=title, size=(200,100))
        self.control = wx.TextCtrl(self, style=wx.TE_MULTILINE)
        self.Show(True)

app = wx.App(False)
frame = MyFrame(None, 'Small editor')
app.MainLoop()

In this example, we derive from wx.Frame and overwrite its __init__ method. Here we declare a new wx.TextCtrl which is a simple text edit control. Note that since the MyFrame runs self.Show() inside its __init__ method, we no longer have to call frame.Show() explicitly.

Adding a menu bar

Every application should have a menu bar and a status bar. Let's add them to ours

import wx

class MainWindow(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, title=title, size=(200,100))
        self.control = wx.TextCtrl(self, style=wx.TE_MULTILINE)
        self.CreateStatusBar() # A Statusbar in the bottom of the window

        # Setting up the menu.
        filemenu= wx.Menu()

        # wx.ID_ABOUT and wx.ID_EXIT are standard IDs provided by wxWidgets.
        filemenu.Append(wx.ID_ABOUT, "&About"," Information about this program")
        filemenu.AppendSeparator()
        filemenu.Append(wx.ID_EXIT,"E&xit"," Terminate the program")

        # Creating the menubar.
        menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
        menuBar.Append(filemenu,"&File") # Adding the "filemenu" to the MenuBar
        self.SetMenuBar(menuBar)  # Adding the MenuBar to the Frame content.
        self.Show(True)

app = wx.App(False)
frame = MainWindow(None, "Sample editor")
app.MainLoop()

add event  handling

import os
import wx

class MainWindow(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, title=title, size=(200,100))
        self.control = wx.TextCtrl(self, style=wx.TE_MULTILINE)
        self.CreateStatusBar() # A StatusBar in the bottom of the window

        # Setting up the menu.
        filemenu= wx.Menu()

        # wx.ID_ABOUT and wx.ID_EXIT are standard ids provided by wxWidgets.
        menuAbout = filemenu.Append(wx.ID_ABOUT, "&About"," Information about this program")
        menuExit = filemenu.Append(wx.ID_EXIT,"E&xit"," Terminate the program")

        # Creating the menubar.
        menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
        menuBar.Append(filemenu,"&File") # Adding the "filemenu" to the MenuBar
        self.SetMenuBar(menuBar)  # Adding the MenuBar to the Frame content.

        # Set events.
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnAbout, menuAbout)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnExit, menuExit)

        self.Show(True)

    def OnAbout(self,e):
        # A message dialog box with an OK button. wx.OK is a standard ID in wxWidgets.
        dlg = wx.MessageDialog( self, "A small text editor", "About Sample Editor", wx.OK)
        dlg.ShowModal() # Show it
        dlg.Destroy() # finally destroy it when finished.

    def OnExit(self,e):
        self.Close(True)  # Close the frame.

app = wx.App(False)
frame = MainWindow(None, "Sample editor")
app.MainLoop()

add open text event handling

import wx
import os

class MainWindow(wx.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, title):
        self.dirname = ''
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, title=title, size=(200,-1))
        self.control = wx.TextCtrl(self, style=wx.TE_MULTILINE,pos=(40,50))
        self.CreateStatusBar() # A Statusbar in the bottom of the window

        #panel = wx.Panel(self)
        #self.quote = wx.StaticText(panel, label="This is a static label", pos=(100,-1))

        # Setting up the menu.
        filemenu= wx.Menu()
        opermenu = wx.Menu()
        operItem1 = opermenu.Append(wx.ID_ANY, "&operation", "process operation")

        # wx.ID_ABOUT and wx.ID_EXIT are standard IDs provided by wxWidgets.
        menuOpen = filemenu.Append(wx.ID_OPEN, "&Open", "Open the file")
        filemenu.AppendSeparator()
        menuAbout = filemenu.Append(wx.ID_ABOUT, "&About"," Information about this program")
        filemenu.AppendSeparator()
        menuExit =  filemenu.Append(wx.ID_EXIT,"&Exit"," Terminate the program")

        # Creating the menubar.
        menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
        menuBar.Append(filemenu,"&File") # Adding the "filemenu" to the MenuBar
        menuBar.Append(opermenu,"&Operation")  # Adding the "filemenu" to the MenuBar
        self.SetMenuBar(menuBar)  # Adding the MenuBar to the Frame content.

        # set events
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnOpen, menuOpen)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnAbout, menuAbout)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnExit, menuExit)

        self.sizer2 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
        self.buttons = []
        for i in range(0, 6):
            self.buttons.append(wx.Button(self, -1, "Button &"+str(i+1)))
            self.sizer2.Add(self.buttons[i], 1, wx.EXPAND)

        # Use some sizers to see layout options
        self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        #self.sizer.Add(self.quote,0,wx.EXPAND)
        self.sizer.Add(self.control, 1, wx.EXPAND)
        self.sizer.Add(self.sizer2, 0, wx.EXPAND)

        #Layout sizers
        self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
        self.SetAutoLayout(True)
        self.sizer.Fit(self)

        self.Show(True)

    def OnAbout(self,event):
        dlg = wx.MessageDialog(self, "A Small Text Editor", "About Sample Editor", wx.OK)
        #wx.MessageDialog()
        dlg.ShowModal()
        dlg.Destroy()

    def OnExit(self,event):
        self.Close(True)

    def OnOpen(self,event):
        """ open the file """
        dlg = wx.FileDialog(self,"choose a file ",self.dirname, "","*.*",wx.FD_OPEN)
        dlg = wx.FileDialog(self,"choose a file ",self.dirname, "","*.*",wx.FD_OPEN)
        if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK:
            self.filename = dlg.GetFilename()
            self.dirname = dlg.GetDirectory()
            f = open(os.path.join(self.dirname, self.filename), 'r')
            self.control.SetValue(f.read())
            f.close()
        dlg.Destroy()
app = wx.App(False)
frame = MainWindow(None, "Sample editor")
app.MainLoop()