测开之路一百四十五：SQLAlchemy与后台模板整合之新增、查询、删除

实现在页面上点击展示页就展示内容，点击新增页就触发新增功能

项目结构

admin.__init__

from flask import Blueprint

admin = Blueprint('admin', __name__)  # 声明蓝图

# 把蓝图下的视图导进来注册到蓝图
from admin.views import *

admin.add_url_rule('/emp-list/', view_func=EmployeelListView.as_view('emp_list'))  # 展示接口
admin.add_url_rule('/emp-del/<int:id>/', view_func=EmployeelDeleteView.as_view('emp_del'))  # 删除接口
admin.add_url_rule('/emp-create/', view_func=EmployeeCreateView.as_view('creat_emp'))  # 新增接口

admin.view

# 视图层
from datetime import datetime
from flask.views import MethodView
from flask import render_template, redirect, url_for, request

from personal.models import db, Employee, Department

class EmployeelListView(MethodView):
    """ 展示员工信息 """

    def get(self):
        employees = db.session.query(Employee).limit(10)  # 取10条
        return render_template('admin/emp-list.html', employees=employees)

class EmployeelDeleteView(MethodView):
    """ 删除员工 """

    def get(self, id=None):
        if id:
            emp = db.session.query(Employee).get(id)  # get，只能根据主键查
            if emp:
                db.session.delete(emp)
                db.session.commit()
        return redirect(url_for('admin.emp_list'))

class EmployeeCreateView(MethodView):
    """ 创建员工 """

    def get(self):
        """ get请求的时候为展示信息 """
        departments = db.session.query(Department).all()
        return render_template('admin/emp-detail.html', departments=departments)

    def post(self):
        """ post请求时为新增信息 """
        emp = Employee(
            name=request.form.get('name'),
            gender=request.form.get('gender', '男'),
            job=request.form.get('job'),
            birthdate=datetime.strptime(request.form.get('birthdate'), '%Y-%m-%d'),
            idcard=request.form.get('id_card'),
            address=request.form.get('address'),
            salary=float(request.form.get('salary'))
        )
        emp.department_id = int(request.form.get('department_id'))
        db.session.add(emp)
        db.session.commit()
        return redirect(url_for('.emp_list'))

personal.__init__

from flask import Blueprint

# 声明蓝图
employee = Blueprint('employee', __name__)

from personal.views import *

# 把视图注册到蓝图里面
employee.add_url_rule('/list/', view_func=EmployeeListView.as_view('emp_list'))

personal.models

from datetime import datetime
from main import db

class Department(db.Model):
    """ 部门 """
    __tablename__ = 'department'
    # primary_key=True：主键, autoincrement=True：自动递增
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(50), unique=True)

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def __repr__(self):
        return f'部门{self.id}，{self.name}'

class Employee(db.Model):
    """ 员工 """
    __tablename__ = 'employee'
    # primary_key=True：主键, autoincrement=True：自动递增
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(50))
    gender = db.Column(db.String)
    job = db.Column(db.String)
    birthdate = db.Column(db.Date)
    idcard = db.Column(db.String)
    address = db.Column(db.String)
    salary = db.Column(db.Float)
    release_time = db.Column(db.DateTime)

    # 外键： db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey(表名))
    department_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('department.id'))  # 声明是外键，为department表的id字段

    # db.relationship('Department', backref=db.backref('employee', lazy='dynamic'))
    # db.relationship(主键类名, backref=引用属性名, lazy='dynamic'))
    # lazy：延迟查询：dynamic：动态、select、subquery、joined
    department = db.relationship('Department', backref=db.backref('employee', lazy='dynamic'))  # 类与表的关系

    def __init__(self, name, gender, job, birthdate, idcard, address, salary, release_time=None):
        self.name = name
        self.gender = gender
        self.job = job
        self.birthdate = birthdate
        self.idcard = idcard
        self.address = address
        self.salary = salary
        self.release_time = release_time if release_time else datetime.now()

    def __repr__(self):
        return f'员工：{self.id} {self.name} {self.salary} {self.address}'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    db.create_all()

personal.view

from flask import render_template
from flask.views import MethodView
from main import db
from .models import Employee

class EmployeeListView(MethodView):
    """ 返回前10条数据 """

    def get(self):
        employees = db.session.query(Employee).all()[:10]
        return render_template('admin/emp-list.html', employees=employees)

base.html

信息明细

{% extends 'admin/base.html' %}

{% block stylesheet %}

{% endblock %}

{% block page_head %}
    <div class="page-head">
        <h3 class="m-b-less">人事列表</h3>
        <div class="state-information">
            <ol class="breadcrumb m-b-less bg-less">
                <li><a href="#">首页</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">人事管理</a></li>
                <li class="active">人事列表</li>
            </ol>
        </div>
    </div>
{% endblock %}

{% block main_content %}
    <div class="wrapper">

        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-lg-12">
                <section class="panel">
                    <header class="panel-heading">
                        新增员工
                    </header>
                    <div class="panel-body">
                        <form class="form-horizontal" method="post" action="#" role="form">
                            <div class="form-group">
                                <label for="name" class="col-lg-2 col-sm-2 control-label">姓名</label>
                                <div class="col-lg-10">
                                    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" name="name">
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="form-group">
                                <label for="department_id" class="col-lg-2 col-sm-2 control-label">部门</label>
                                <div class="col-lg-3">
                                    <select class="form-control m-b-10" id="department_id" name="department_id">
                                        {% for department in departments %}
                                            <option value="{{ department.id }}">{{ department.name }}</option>
                                        {% endfor %}
                                    </select>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="form-group">
                                <label for="gender" class="col-lg-2 col-sm-2 control-label">性别</label>
                                <div class="col-lg-10">
                                    <label>
                                        <input type="radio" name="gender" id="male" value="男" checked>男</label>
                                    <input type="radio" name="gender" id="female" value="女">女</label>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="form-group">
                                <label for="job" class="col-lg-2 col-sm-2 control-label">职位</label>
                                <div class="col-lg-4">
                                    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="job" name="job">
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="form-group">
                                <label for="birthdate" class="col-lg-2 col-sm-2 control-label">生日</label>
                                <div class="col-lg-10">
                                    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="birthdate" name="birthdate"
                                           placeholder="">
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="form-group">
                                <label for="id_card" class="col-lg-2 col-sm-2 control-label">身份证号</label>
                                <div class="col-lg-10">
                                    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="id_card" name="id_card">
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="form-group">
                                <label for="address" class="col-lg-2 col-sm-2 control-label">地址</label>
                                <div class="col-lg-10">
                                    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="address" name="address" placeholder="">
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="form-group">
                                <label for="salary" class="col-lg-2 col-sm-2 control-label">工资</label>
                                <div class="col-lg-2">
                                    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="salary" name="salary" placeholder="">
                                </div>
                            </div>

                            <div class="form-group">
                                <div class="col-lg-offset-2 col-lg-10">
                                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
                                    <input type="reset" class="btn btn-default" value="重置">
                                    <a href=" {{ url_for('admin.emp_list') }} " class="btn btn-default">返回列表</a>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </form>
                    </div>
                </section>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
{% endblock %}

{% block script %}

{% endblock %}

员工展示列表

{% extends 'admin/base.html' %}

{% block stylesheet %}

{% endblock %}

{% block page_head %}
    <div class="page-head">
        <h3 class="m-b-less">人事列表</h3>
        <div class="state-information">
            <ol class="breadcrumb m-b-less bg-less">
                <li><a href="#">首页</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">人事管理</a></li>
                <li class="active">人事列表</li>
            </ol>
        </div>
    </div>
{% endblock %}

{% block main_content %}
    <div class="wrapper">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-lg-12">
                <section class="panel">
                    <header class="panel-heading head-border">
                        员工列表
                    </header>
                    <table class="table table-striped custom-table table-hover">
                        <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th>编号</th>
                            <th class="hidden-xs">姓名</th>
                            <th>性别</th>
                            <th>生日</th>
                            <th>地址</th>
                            <th class="hidden-xs">操作</th>
                        </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody>
                        {% for emp in employees %}
                            <tr>
                                <td><a href="#">{{ emp.id }}</a></td>
                                <td>{{ emp.name }}</td>
                                <td>{{ emp.gender }}</td>
                                <td>{{ emp.birthdate }}</td>
                                <td>{{ emp.address }}</td>
                                <td class="hidden-xs">
                                    <button class="btn btn-success btn-xs"><i class="fa fa-check"></i></button>
                                    <button class="btn btn-primary btn-xs"><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></button>
                                    <a href="{{ url_for('.emp_del', id=emp.id) }}" class="btn btn-danger btn-xs"><i
                                            class="fa fa-trash-o "></i></a>
                                </td>
                            </tr>
                        {% endfor %}
                        </tbody>
                    </table>
                </section>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
{% endblock %}

{% block script %}

{% endblock %}

主入口

from flask import Flask, render_template
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

app = Flask(__name__, static_url_path='')  # 初始化app,
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///./db/test.db'  # 声明数据库类型和地址
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = True  # 跟踪改变
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_ECHO'] = True  # 打印对应的sql，此操作用sql是怎么样的

db = SQLAlchemy(app)  # 创建数据库核心对象并把数据库和app关联起来

# 由于视图需要导入db，所以需要在db产生后再导入蓝图
from personal import employee as blueprint_employee
from admin import admin as blueprint_admin

app.register_blueprint(blueprint_employee, url_prefix='/emp')
app.register_blueprint(blueprint_admin, url_prefix='/admin')

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('admin/emp-list.html')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

数据库情况

列表页

新增页

新增成功，自动跳转到列表页

数据库也存在此数据

删除

手动插入一些数据