.Net com组件操作excel(不建议采用Com组件操作excel)

添加"Microsoft Office 12.0 Object Library" com组件
  1 using System;
 using System.Data;
 using System.Data.OleDb;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Text;

 namespace Test
 {
     public class DataAccess_Excel
     {
         private string GetConnectionString(string path)
         {
             string extension = Path.GetExtension(path).ToUpper();
             if (".XLS".Equals(extension))
                 return GetXLSConnStr(path);
             else if (".XLSX".Equals(extension))
                 return GetXLSXConnStr(path);
             else
                 return null;
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// "HDR=Yes:"用于指示将Excel表格中的第一行作为标题，此时在查询语句中可以将标题作为数据表的字段名使用"
         /// "HDR= No:"则表示将Excel表格中的所有行都作为数据内容而不包含标题"
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="path"></param>
         /// <returns></returns>
         private string GetXLSConnStr(string path)
         {
             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
             sb.Append("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=");
             sb.Append(path);
             sb.Append(";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;'");
             return sb.ToString();
         }

         private string GetXLSXConnStr(string path)
         {
             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
             sb.Append("Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;");
             sb.Append("Data Source=" + path + ";");
             sb.Append("Properties='Excel 12.0;HDR=YES'");
             return sb.ToString();
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 用来获取数据连接
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="path">excel文件的路径</param>
         /// <returns>返回一个OleDbConnection对象</returns>
         private OleDbConnection GetConnection(string path)
         {
             string conString = GetConnectionString(path);
             OleDbConnection oleConnection = new OleDbConnection(conString);
             try
             {
                 oleConnection.Open();
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
                 throw ex;
             }
             return oleConnection;
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 从EXCEL中获取第一个SHEET的名称
         /// 注意Excel wooksheet的名字必须以"$"结尾并且包含在方括号中。列名如有需要也应当包含在方括号中（如列名中包含有空格其它特殊字符等）。
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="path"></param>
         /// <returns></returns>
         private string GetSheetName(string path)
         {
             try
             {
                 string tableName = string.Empty;
                 DataTable dt = null;
                 using (OleDbConnection oleConnection = GetConnection(path))
                 {
                     dt = oleConnection.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);
                 }
                 if (dt.Rows.Count > )
                 {
                     tableName = dt.Rows[][].ToString().Trim();
                     if (!tableName.Contains("$"))
                     {
                         tableName += "$";
                     }
                     tableName = "[" + tableName + "]";
                 }
                 return tableName;
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
                 throw ex;
             }
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 修改数据
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="path">excel文件路径</param>
         /// <returns>sql语句</returns>
         public int ExecuteNonQuery(string path, string sql)
         {
             int i = -;
             try
             {
                 using (OleDbConnection oleConnection = GetConnection(path))
                 {
                     OleDbCommand oleCommand = oleConnection.CreateCommand();
                     oleCommand.CommandText = sql;
                     oleCommand.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
                     i = oleCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
                 }
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
                 throw ex;
             }
             return i;
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 查询数据
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="path">excel文件路径</param>
         /// <returns>sql语句</returns>
         public DataTable ExecuteQuery(string path, string sql)
         {
             DataTable dt = null;
             try
             {
                 dt = new DataTable();
                 dt.TableName = GetSheetName(path);
                 using (OleDbConnection oleConnection = GetConnection(path))
                 {
                     OleDbCommand oleCommand = oleConnection.CreateCommand();
                     oleCommand.CommandText = sql;
                     oleCommand.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
                     OleDbDataAdapter oleAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(oleCommand);
                     oleAdapter.Fill(dt);
                 }
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
                 throw ex;
             }
             return dt;
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 获取excel文件中的数据，默认从sheet1中获取数据，如果sheet1中没有数据，则从nicelabel中获取数据
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="path">excel文件路径</param>
         /// <returns>返回一个DataTable</returns>
         public DataTable GetDataFromExcelFile(string path)
         {
             string sheetName = GetSheetName(path);
             string sql = string.Format(@"Select * From {0}", sheetName);
             return ExecuteQuery(path, sql);
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 创建表并插入数据
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="dgv">DataGridView对象</param>
         /// <param name="path">excel 文件路径</param>
         /// <param name="row">表示哪一行</param>
         public void CreateTableAndInsertValue(DataTable dt, string path, int? row = null)
         {
             CreateTable(dt, path);
             InsertData(dt, path, row);
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 创建表单
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="dgv"></param>
         /// <param name="path"></param>
         public void CreateTable(DataTable dt, string path)
         {
             StringBuilder createSql = new StringBuilder();
             createSql.Append(string.Format("Create Table {0}",dt.TableName));
             createSql.Append(" ( ");
             for (int i = ; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
             {
                 createSql.Append("[");
                 createSql.Append(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
                 createSql.Append("]");
                 createSql.Append(" memo");
                 if (i != dt.Columns.Count - )
                     createSql.Append(",");
             }
             createSql.Append(" )");
             ExecuteNonQuery(path, createSql.ToString());
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 插入表数据
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="dgv">表单</param>
         /// <param name="path">文件路径</param>
         /// <param name="row">如果ROW为NULL,则插入所有数据，否则只插入特定行的数据</param>
         public void InsertData(DataTable dt, string path, int? row = null)
         {
             int rowFrom = ;
             int rowEnd = ;
             if (row == null)
             {
                 rowFrom = ;
                 rowEnd = dt.Rows.Count;
             }
             else
             {
                 rowFrom = row.Value;
                 rowEnd = rowFrom + ;
             }
             for (int rowIndex = rowFrom; rowIndex < rowEnd; rowIndex++)
             {
                 string insertSql = GetInsertSql(dt.Rows[rowIndex]);
                 ExecuteNonQuery(path, insertSql);
             }
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 插入数据
         /// </summary>
         public int InsertData(DataRow dr, string path)
         {
             string insertSql = GetInsertSql(dr);
             return ExecuteNonQuery(path, insertSql);
         }

         private string GetInsertSql(DataRow dr)
         {
             StringBuilder insertSql = new StringBuilder();
             insertSql.Append(string.Format("Insert Into {0} Values ",dr.Table.TableName));
             insertSql.Append(" ( ");
             int columnCount = dr.Table.Columns.Count;
             for (int j = ; j < columnCount; j++)
             {
                 if (dr.Field<string>(j) != null)
                 {
                     insertSql.Append("'");
                     insertSql.Append(dr.Field<string>(j).Replace("'", "''"));
                     insertSql.Append("'");
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     insertSql.Append("''");
                 }
                 if (j != columnCount - )
                     insertSql.Append(",");
             }
             insertSql.Append(")");
             return insertSql.ToString();
         }

            //使用OLEDB无法直接删除excel中的数据，需要先删除原数据文件，然后重新CreateTable
     }
 }