python数据结构与算法第十四天【二分查找】

1.二分查找的原理

对于已经排序的列表进行最快速度的查找

2. 代码实现

（1）递归实现

def binary_search(alist, item):
    if len(alist) == 0:
        return False
    else:
        midpoint = len(alist)//2
        if alist[midpoint]==item:
          return True
        else:
          if item<alist[midpoint]:
            return binary_search(alist[:midpoint],item)
          else:
            return binary_search(alist[midpoint+1:],item)

testlist = [0, 1, 2, 8, 13, 17, 19, 32, 42,]
print(binary_search(testlist, 3))
print(binary_search(testlist, 13))

（2）非递归实现

def binary_search(alist, item):
      first = 0
      last = len(alist)-1
      while first<=last:
          midpoint = (first + last)/2
          if alist[midpoint] == item:
              return True
          elif item < alist[midpoint]:
              last = midpoint-1
          else:
              first = midpoint+1
    return False
testlist = [0, 1, 2, 8, 13, 17, 19, 32, 42,]
print(binary_search(testlist, 3))
print(binary_search(testlist, 13))

3.时间复杂度

最优时间复杂度：O(1)

最坏时间复杂度：O(logn)

因为是二分所有分多少次代表要查多少次，即为logn