Spring MVC表单实例

以下内容引用自http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/spring/mvc-framework/spring-mvc-form-handling-example.html：

例子：

pom.xml：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.jsoft.testspring</groupId>
    <artifactId>testmvcform</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>testmvcform Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Servlet Library -->
        <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Core -->
        <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Web -->
        <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Web MVC -->
        <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>testmvcform</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Config: Maven Tomcat Plugin -->
            <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat.maven/tomcat7-maven-plugin -->
            <!-- http://tomcat.apache.org/maven-plugin-2.0/tomcat7-maven-plugin/plugin-info.html -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <!-- Config: contextPath and Port (Default:8080) -->
                <!--
                <configuration>
                    <path>/</path>
                    <port>8899</port>
                </configuration>
                 -->
            </plugin>
            <!-- Config: Maven Jetty Plugin -->
            <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mortbay.jetty/jetty-maven-plugin -->
            <!-- http://www.eclipse.org/jetty/documentation/current/jetty-maven-plugin.html -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
                <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>9.4.3.v20170317</version>
                <!-- Config: contextPath and Port (Default:8080) -->
                <!--
                <configuration>
                    <httpConnector>
                        <port>8899</port>
                    </httpConnector>
                    <webAppConfig>
                        <contextPath>/</contextPath>
                    </webAppConfig>
                </configuration>
                 -->
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

web.xml：

<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
                                 http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">

   <display-name>Spring MVC Application</display-name>

   <servlet>
       <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
       <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
       <!-- 默认：[servlet-name]-servlet.xml -->
       <!-- 通过初始化参数，指定xml文件的位置 -->
       <init-param>
           <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
           <param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc-context.xml</param-value>
       </init-param>
       <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   </servlet>   

   <servlet-mapping>
       <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
       <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

springmvc-context.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

   <context:component-scan base-package="com.jsoft.testspring"/>

   <context:annotation-config/>

   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix">
            <value>/WEB-INF/jsp/</value>
        </property>
        <property name="suffix">
            <value>.jsp</value>
        </property>
   </bean>

</beans>

Student.java：

package com.jsoft.testspring.testmvcform;

public class Student {
    private Integer age;
    private String name;
    private Integer id;

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
}

StudentController.java：

package com.jsoft.testspring.testmvcform;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class StudentController {

    @RequestMapping(value="/student",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView student(){
        return new ModelAndView("student","command",new Student());
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/addStudent",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String addStudent(Student student,Model model){
        model.addAttribute("name",student.getName());
        model.addAttribute("age",student.getAge());
        model.addAttribute("id", student.getId());
        return "result";
    }
}

说明：在这里，第一个service方法student()，我们已经在名称为“command”的ModelAndView对象中传递一个空的Student对象，因为如果你在JSP文件中使用<form:form>标签时，spring框架需要一个名称的“command”的对象。所以，当student()方法被调用时，它返回student.jsp视图。第二个service方法addStudent()将调用/addStudent URL中的POST方法。将根据提交的信息准备好模型对象。最后一个“result”视图会从service方法中返回，它将导致呈现result.jsp。

student.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Spring MVC Form Handling</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>Student Information</h2>
<form:form method="POST" action="addStudent">
   <table>
    <tr>
        <td><form:label path="name">Name</form:label></td>
        <td><form:input path="name" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td><form:label path="age">Age</form:label></td>
        <td><form:input path="age" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td><form:label path="id">id</form:label></td>
        <td><form:input path="id" /></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td colspan="2">
            <input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

result.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <title>Spring MVC Form Handling</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>Submitted Student Information</h2>
   <table>
    <tr>
        <td>Name</td>
        <td>${name}</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Age</td>
        <td>${age}</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>ID</td>
        <td>${id}</td>
    </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

测试结果：

测试工程：https://github.com/easonjim/5_java_example/tree/master/springtest/test19/testmvcform