docker常用命令（不包括run和build）
docekr 常用命令
：ls 列出容器
$ docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
jdk fec5236a803b seconds ago 643MB
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 days ago 109MB
centos 1e1148e4cc2c months ago 202MB
java d23bdf5b1b1b years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ 2：inspect 查看一个或多个容器详细信息
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker inspect 42d6729d3d02
root@bogon: ~ :: #获取正在运行的容器IP
$ docker inspect --format='{{range .NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' 025f1f92a6eb
172.17.0.2 3:exec 进入容器可写层（在容器中执行命令）
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker exec -it 42d6729d3d02 bash 4:commit 在运行的容器制作成镜像显示在docker image ls中
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker commit -a "hctest" -m "this is test" e125d0e27a24 jdk: :cp 拷贝文件/文件夹到一个容器
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ ls
anaconda-ks.cfg ini.sh nginx.tar
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker cp /root/nginx.tar 42d6729d3d02:/root
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker exec -it 42d6729d3d02 bash
root@42d6729d3d02:/# cd /root
root@42d6729d3d02:~# ls
nginx.tar
root@42d6729d3d02:~# cd /tmp
root@42d6729d3d02:/tmp# ls
root@42d6729d3d02:/tmp# mkdir cptest
root@42d6729d3d02:/tmp# exit
exit
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker cp 42d6729d3d02:/tmp/cptest /root
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ ls
anaconda-ks.cfg cptest ini.sh nginx.tar
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ 6:logs 获取容器日志
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker logs -f 025f1f92a6eb
192.168.1.7 - - [/Mar/::: +] "GET / HTTP/1.1" "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.121 Safari/537.36" "-"
// :: [error] #: * open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/favicon.ico" failed (: No such file or directory), client: 192.168.1.7, server: localhost, request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", host: "192.168.1.199", referrer: "http://192.168.1.199/"
192.168.1.7 - - [/Mar/::: +] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" "http://192.168.1.199/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.121 Safari/537.36" "-"
^C
root@bogon: ~ ::
$
OPTIONS说明： -f : 跟踪日志输出
docker logs -f 025f1f92a6eb
--since :显示某个开始时间的所有日志
docker logs --since="2019-03-12" --tail= 025f1f92a6eb
-t : 显示时间戳
docker logs -t 025f1f92a6eb
--tail :仅列出最新N条容器日志
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker logs --tail 025f1f92a6eb
192.168.1.7 - - [/Mar/::: +] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" "http://192.168.1.199/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.121 Safari/537.36" "-"
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ 7 port 列出或者指定容器端口映射
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker port 025f1f92a6eb
/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ 8: top 显示一个容器运行的进程
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" minutes ago Up minutes 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker top 025f1f92a6eb
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root : pts/ :: nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
: pts/ :: nginx: worker process
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ 8:stats 显示容器资源使用统计
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" minutes ago Up minutes 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker stats 025f1f92a6eb
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
025f1f92a6eb nginx1. 0.00% .379MiB / .701GiB 0.04% .5kB / .4kB 0B / 0B
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
025f1f92a6eb nginx1. 0.00% .379MiB / .701GiB 0.04% .5kB / .4kB 0B / 0B
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
025f1f92a6eb nginx1. 0.00% .379MiB / .701GiB 0.04% .5kB / .4kB 0B / 0B
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
025f1f92a6eb nginx1. 0.00% .379MiB / .701GiB 0.04% .5kB / .4kB 0B / 0B
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
025f1f92a6eb nginx1. 0.00% .379MiB / .701GiB 0.04% .5kB / .4kB 0B / 0B
^C
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ :stop/start 停止启动一个容器或多个
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" minutes ago Up minutes 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker stop 42d6729d3d02
42d6729d3d02
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" minutes ago Up minutes 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Exited () seconds ago nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker start 42d6729d3d02
42d6729d3d02
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" minutes ago Up minutes 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up seconds /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ 10:rm 删除一个或者多个容器(先停止在删除)
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" minutes ago Up minutes 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up seconds /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker rm 8f58621ab588
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 8f58621ab5880a360ea0714a73f0d700b5a9616b1308f0c681ac1d8af91c8437. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker stop 8f58621ab588
8f58621ab588
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker rm 8f58621ab588
8f58621ab588
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ 11 ps 列出容器 root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -a #列出所有容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up minutes /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -a -q #只列出容器ID
42d6729d3d02
e125d0e27a24
e2b78fc1b028
025f1f92a6eb
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -n #列出最近创建的3个容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up minutes /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps -s #列出容器显示大小
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES SIZE
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up minutes /tcp nginx01 113MB (virtual 222MB)
e125d0e27a24 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11 11B (virtual 643MB)
e2b78fc1b028 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10 79B (virtual 643MB)
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1. 19B (virtual 109MB)
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker ps --no-trunc #持续不断输出容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d023a649117fba59d2fbd1d9212c3d6d0ce5bbe16c90aa845239574 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon off;'" hours ago Up minutes /tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24040cc89f9e71d52ab6a3c1b22a5c35cf17a5e94de3ce25c84100 java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b02881626a0eb40f138eee28f5d0de3f2471b29c2ef8be7eff3d964c java: "/bin/bash" hours ago Up hours test10
025f1f92a6eb887f59d37813b0e251c524b47c645a33a13f72c31b6e082c467b nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon off;'" hours ago Up hours 0.0.0.0:->/tcp nginx1.
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ 12：export 将文件系统作为一个tar文档文件导出到stdout
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker export -o nginx-`date +%Y%m%d`.tar 025f1f92a6eb
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ ls -lh
总用量 214M
-rw-------. root root .4K 3月 : anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. root root 3月 : cptest
-rwxr-xr-x. root root .8K 3月 : ini.sh
-rw-------. root root 107M 3月 : nginx-.tar
-rw-r--r--. root root 108M 3月 : nginx.tar
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ 13 images 列出本地镜像
选项说明： -a：列出本地所有的镜像（含中间映像层，默认情况下，过滤掉中间映像层）; --digests：显示镜像的摘要信息; -f：显示满足条件的镜像; --format：指定返回值的模板文件; --no-trunc：显示完整的镜像信息; -q：只显示镜像ID。 root@bogon: ~ :: #列出镜像摘要信息DIGEST
$ docker images --digests
REPOSITORY TAG DIGEST IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
jdk <none> fec5236a803b minutes ago 643MB
nginx latest <none> 881bd08c0b08 days ago 109MB
centos sha256:365fc7f33107869dfcf2b3ba220ce0aa42e16d3f8e8b3c21d72af1ee622f0cf0 1e1148e4cc2c months ago 202MB
java sha256:34959eed5df6bfe74a17fbf459ed29505d51a48d5cb4a39f215b613c65b8023b d23bdf5b1b1b years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ root@bogon: ~ :: #只显示镜像ID
$ docker images -q
fec5236a803b
881bd08c0b08
1e1148e4cc2c
d23bdf5b1b1b
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ 14: rmi 删除镜像
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
jdk fec5236a803b minutes ago 643MB
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 days ago 109MB
centos 1e1148e4cc2c months ago 202MB
java d23bdf5b1b1b years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker rmi -f jdk:
Untagged: jdk:
Deleted: sha256:fec5236a803b351e50de689fb30ad95b76149fdf7e19b885f503ed4c0e46bcbf
Deleted: sha256:2f4402558d7c5639be8e9a6b1ab96659801b23e96de81c251b744bcd1ceb770e
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 days ago 109MB
centos 1e1148e4cc2c months ago 202MB
java d23bdf5b1b1b years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ 15:tag 标记本地金香，将其归入仓库 $ docker tag nginx:latest hctest/nginx:latest
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hctest/nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 days ago 109MB
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 days ago 109MB
centos 1e1148e4cc2c months ago 202MB
java d23bdf5b1b1b years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ :save && load 将镜像打包和重新导入 $ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hctest/nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 days ago 109MB
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 days ago 109MB
centos 1e1148e4cc2c months ago 202MB
java d23bdf5b1b1b years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker save nginx:latest >hc_nginx.tar
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker rmi -f nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx:latest
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hctest/nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 days ago 109MB
centos 1e1148e4cc2c months ago 202MB
java d23bdf5b1b1b years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker load <hc_nginx.tar
Loaded image: nginx:latest
root@bogon: ~ ::
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hctest/nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 days ago 109MB
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 days ago 109MB
centos 1e1148e4cc2c months ago 202MB
java d23bdf5b1b1b years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ ::
$
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