IP池验证IP是否可用 及scrapy使用 ip池

简单验证

import requests

url = "http://www.baidu.com/"
proxies = {"http": "http://x.x.x.x:端口号码"}
#空白位置为测试代理ip和代理ip使用端口

headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0"}
#响应头
res = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies, headers=headers)
#发起请求
print(res.status_code) #返回响应码

正常有效的可用代理ip返回的应该是响应码200   并添加到数据库

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抓取www.xicidaili 并保存到文本

import requestsfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoupimport lxmlfrom multiprocessing import Process, Queueimport randomimport jsonimport timeimport requests

class Proxies(object):

    """docstring for Proxies"""    def __init__(self, page=3):        self.proxies = []        self.verify_pro = []        self.page = page        self.headers = {        'Accept': '*/*',        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko)   Chrome/45.0.2454.101 Safari/537.36',        'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, sdch',        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8'        }        self.get_proxies()        self.get_proxies_nn()

    def get_proxies(self):        page = random.randint(1,10)        page_stop = page + self.page        while page < page_stop:            url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/nt/%d' % page            html = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers).content            soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')            ip_list = soup.find(id='ip_list')            for odd in ip_list.find_all(class_='odd'):                protocol = odd.find_all('td')[5].get_text().lower()+'://'                self.proxies.append(protocol + ':'.join([x.get_text() for x in odd.find_all('td')[1:3]]))            page += 1

    def get_proxies_nn(self):        page = random.randint(1,10)        page_stop = page + self.page        while page < page_stop:            url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/nn/%d' % page            html = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers).content            soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')            ip_list = soup.find(id='ip_list')            for odd in ip_list.find_all(class_='odd'):                protocol = odd.find_all('td')[5].get_text().lower() + '://'                self.proxies.append(protocol + ':'.join([x.get_text() for x in odd.find_all('td')[1:3]]))            page += 1

    def verify_proxies(self):        # 没验证的代理        old_queue = Queue()        # 验证后的代理        new_queue = Queue()        print ('verify proxy........')        works = []        for _ in range(15):             works.append(Process(target=self.verify_one_proxy, args=(old_queue,new_queue)))        for work in works:            work.start()        for proxy in self.proxies:            old_queue.put(proxy)        for work in works:            old_queue.put(0)        for work in works:            work.join()        self.proxies = []        while 1:            try:                self.proxies.append(new_queue.get(timeout=1))            except:                break        print ('verify_proxies done!')

    def verify_one_proxy(self, old_queue, new_queue):        while 1:            proxy = old_queue.get()            if proxy == 0:break            protocol = 'https' if 'https' in proxy else 'http'            proxies = {protocol: proxy}            try:                if requests.get('http://www.baidu.com', proxies=proxies, timeout=2).status_code == 200:                    print ('success %s' % proxy)                    new_queue.put(proxy)            except:                print ('fail %s' % proxy)

if __name__ == '__main__':    a = Proxies()    a.verify_proxies()    print (a.proxies)    proxie = a.proxies    with open('proxies.txt', 'a') as f:        for proxy in proxie:             f.write(proxy+'\n')

中间件处理

import randomimport scrapyfrom scrapy import logimport time

# logger = logging.getLogger()

class ProxyMiddleWare(object):    """docstring for ProxyMiddleWare"""    def process_request(self,request, spider):        '''对request对象加上proxy'''        proxy = self.get_random_proxy()        print("this is request ip:"+proxy)        request.meta['proxy'] = proxy

    def process_response(self, request, response, spider):        '''对返回的response处理'''        # 如果返回的response状态不是200，重新生成当前request对象        if response.status != 200:            proxy = self.get_random_proxy()            print("this is response ip:"+proxy)            # 对当前reque加上代理            request.meta['proxy'] = proxy            return request        return response

    def get_random_proxy(self):        '''随机从文件中读取proxy'''        while 1:            with open('.\proxies.txt', 'r') as f:                proxies = f.readlines()                if proxies:                    break                else:                    time.sleep(1)        proxy = random.choice(proxies).strip()        return proxy

setting中修改中间件

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
 #    'youx.middlewares.MyCustomDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
     'scrapy.contrib.downloadermiddleware.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware':None,
     'youx.middlewares.ProxyMiddleWare':125,
     'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware':None
}

参考:https://www.jianshu.com/p/8449b9c397bb?utm_campaign=maleskine&utm_content=note&utm_medium=seo_notes&utm_source=recommendation