Visual Studio Package扩展——vsct文件简介

首先我们使用向导生成一个package的扩展，里面就会发现一个vsct文件。vsct文件的全称是Visual Studio Command Table，它其实就是一个xml文件，通过一定的规则来描述visual Studio的command布局。

添加一个菜单项：

首先我们在vsct文件你们加一个菜单项：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<CommandTable
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/2005-10-18/CommandTable"
xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <Extern
href="stdidcmd.h"/>
    <Extern
href="vsshlids.h"/>
    <Commands
package="vsPackage">
        <Groups>
            <Group
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup"
priority="0x0600">
                <Parent
guid="guidSHLMainMenu"
id="IDM_VS_MENU_TOOLS"/>
            </Group>
        </Groups>
        <Buttons>
            <Button
guid="cmdSet"
id="cmdidMyCommand"
priority="0x0100"
type="Button">
                <Parent
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup" />
                <Strings>
                    <ButtonText>我的工具箱</ButtonText>
                </Strings>
            </Button>
        </Buttons>
    </Commands>
    <Symbols>
        <GuidSymbol
name="vsPackage"
value="{0b468468-bf83-4dc6-9253-ca5970142e5d}" />
        <GuidSymbol
name="cmdSet"
value="{b001c53d-3e2d-4c8f-9787-73ed59a7c412}">
            <IDSymbol
name="MyMenuGroup"
value="0x1020" />
            <IDSymbol
name="cmdidMyCommand"
value="0x0100" />
        </GuidSymbol>
    </Symbols>
</CommandTable>

其中高亮部分就是我添加的内容，执行效果如下：

再次添加一个菜单项：

再次添加一个菜单项也是非常简单的，只要在Buttons里面增加一项即可：

<?xml
version="1.0"
encoding="utf-8"?>
<CommandTable
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/2005-10-18/CommandTable"
xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <Extern
href="stdidcmd.h"/>
    <Extern
href="vsshlids.h"/>
    <Commands
package="vsPackage">
        <Groups>
            <Group
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup"
priority="0x0600">
                <Parent
guid="guidSHLMainMenu"
id="IDM_VS_MENU_TOOLS"/>
            </Group>
        </Groups>
        <Buttons>
            <Button
guid="cmdSet"
id="cmdidMyCommand"
priority="0x0100"
type="Button">
                <Parent
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup" />
                <Strings>
                    <ButtonText>我的工具箱</ButtonText>
                </Strings>
            </Button>
            <Button
guid="cmdSet"
id="cmdidMyCommand2"
priority="0x0101"
type="Button">
                <Parent
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup" />
                <Strings>
                    <ButtonText>我的工具箱2</ButtonText>
                </Strings>
            </Button>
        </Buttons>
    </Commands>
    <Symbols>
        <GuidSymbol
name="vsPackage"
value="{0b468468-bf83-4dc6-9253-ca5970142e5d}" />
        <GuidSymbol
name="cmdSet"
value="{b001c53d-3e2d-4c8f-9787-73ed59a7c412}">
            <IDSymbol
name="MyMenuGroup"
value="0x1020" />
            <IDSymbol
name="cmdidMyCommand"
value="0x0100" />
            <IDSymbol
name="cmdidMyCommand2"
value="0x0101" />
        </GuidSymbol>
    </Symbols>
</CommandTable>

生成的效果如下：

添加分组

现在我们来把菜单进行分组：首先在Groups项中添加一个Group，然后修改Button的ParentId即可。

<?xml
version="1.0"
encoding="utf-8"?>
<CommandTable
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/2005-10-18/CommandTable"
xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <Extern
href="stdidcmd.h"/>
    <Extern
href="vsshlids.h"/>
    <Commands
package="vsPackage">
        <Groups>
            <Group
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup"
priority="0x0600">
                <Parent
guid="guidSHLMainMenu"
id="IDM_VS_MENU_TOOLS"/>
            </Group>
            <Group
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup2"
priority="0x0601">
                <Parent
guid="guidSHLMainMenu"
id="IDM_VS_MENU_TOOLS"/>
            </Group>
        </Groups>
        <Buttons>
            <Button
guid="cmdSet"
id="cmdidMyCommand"
priority="0x0100"
type="Button">
                <Parent
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup" />
                <Strings>
                    <ButtonText>我的工具箱</ButtonText>
                </Strings>
            </Button>
            <Button
guid="cmdSet"
id="cmdidMyCommand2"
priority="0x0101"
type="Button">
                <Parent
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup2" />
                <Strings>
                    <ButtonText>我的工具箱2</ButtonText>
                </Strings>
            </Button>
        </Buttons>
    </Commands>
    <Symbols>
        <GuidSymbol
name="vsPackage"
value="{0b468468-bf83-4dc6-9253-ca5970142e5d}" />
        <GuidSymbol
name="cmdSet"
value="{b001c53d-3e2d-4c8f-9787-73ed59a7c412}">
            <IDSymbol
name="MyMenuGroup"
value="0x1020" />
            <IDSymbol
name="MyMenuGroup2"
value="0x1021" />
            <IDSymbol
name="cmdidMyCommand"
value="0x0100" />
            <IDSymbol
name="cmdidMyCommand2"
value="0x0101" />
        </GuidSymbol>
    </Symbols>
</CommandTable>

效果如下：

在菜单中添加图标

在菜单中添加图标要稍微麻烦点：首先需要添加一个Bitmaps分组，然后修改Button的Icon属性。

<?xml
version="1.0"
encoding="utf-8"?>
<CommandTable
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/2005-10-18/CommandTable"
xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <Extern
href="stdidcmd.h"/>
    <Extern
href="vsshlids.h"/>
    <Commands
package="vsPackage">
        <Groups>
            <Group
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup"
priority="0x0600">
                <Parent
guid="guidSHLMainMenu"
id="IDM_VS_MENU_TOOLS"/>
            </Group>
            <Group
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup2"
priority="0x0601">
                <Parent
guid="guidSHLMainMenu"
id="IDM_VS_MENU_TOOLS"/>
            </Group>
        </Groups>
        <Buttons>
            <Button
guid="cmdSet"
id="cmdidMyCommand"
priority="0x0100"
type="Button">
                <Parent
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup" />
                <Icon
guid="guidImages"
id="bmpPic1" />
                <Strings>
                    <ButtonText>我的工具箱</ButtonText>
                </Strings>
            </Button>
            <Button
guid="cmdSet"
id="cmdidMyCommand2"
priority="0x0101"
type="Button">
                <Parent
guid="cmdSet"
id="MyMenuGroup2" />
                <Icon
guid="guidImages"
id="bmpPicSearch" />
                <Strings>
                    <ButtonText>我的工具箱2</ButtonText>
                </Strings>
            </Button>
        </Buttons>
        <Bitmaps>
            <Bitmap
guid="guidImages"
href="Resources\Images.png"
usedList="bmpPic1, bmpPic2, bmpPicSearch, bmpPicX, bmpPicArrows"/>
        </Bitmaps>
    </Commands>
    <Symbols>
        <GuidSymbol
name="vsPackage"
value="{0b468468-bf83-4dc6-9253-ca5970142e5d}" />
        <GuidSymbol
name="cmdSet"
value="{b001c53d-3e2d-4c8f-9787-73ed59a7c412}">
            <IDSymbol
name="MyMenuGroup"
value="0x1020" />
            <IDSymbol
name="MyMenuGroup2"
value="0x1021" />
            <IDSymbol
name="cmdidMyCommand"
value="0x0100" />
            <IDSymbol
name="cmdidMyCommand2"
value="0x0101" />
        </GuidSymbol>
        <GuidSymbol
name="guidImages"
value="{f3517729-ad9a-4c24-9f72-288fafa0758d}" >
            <IDSymbol
name="bmpPic1"
value="1" />
            <IDSymbol
name="bmpPic2"
value="2" />
            <IDSymbol
name="bmpPicSearch"
value="3" />
            <IDSymbol
name="bmpPicX"
value="4" />
            <IDSymbol
name="bmpPicArrows"
value="5" />
            <IDSymbol
name="bmpPicStrikethrough"
value="6" />
        </GuidSymbol>
    </Symbols>
</CommandTable>

生成的效果如下：

在菜单中关联命令

通过向导生成Package时，会自动生成一个Package的子类，重载其Initialize函数，在里面加入事件处理函数即可。向导默认已经给我们生成了一个示例，我们只需要修改其处理函数和添加新的按钮的事件即可。

protected
override
void Initialize()
    {
        base.Initialize();

// Add our command handlers for menu (commands must exist in the .vsct file)
        OleMenuCommandService mcs = GetService(typeof(IMenuCommandService)) as
OleMenuCommandService;
        if (null != mcs)
        {
            // Create the command for the menu item.
            CommandID menuCommandID = new
CommandID(GuidList.guidVSPackage3CmdSet, (int)PkgCmdIDList.cmdidMyCommand);
            MenuCommand menuItem = new
MenuCommand((s, e) => System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("hello world"), menuCommandID);
            mcs.AddCommand(menuItem);
        }
    }