SQLServer中存储过程StoredProcedure创建及C#调用（转）

此文作为入门了解用，转自http://www.2cto.com/database/201502/378260.html

存储过程就是已经编译好的、优化过的放在数据库服务器中的一些SQL语句；可供应用程序直接调用。使用存储过程有以下几个优点： 
1、执行速度比普通的SQL语句快 
2、便于集中控制 
3、可以降低网络的通信量 
4、保证数据库的安全性和完整性 
5、灵活性

创建存储过程 
可以采用Transact-SQL语句来创建存储过程Stored Procedured。在Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio中Databases->Database Name->Programmability->Stored Procedures右键选择Stored Procedure就生成了一个创建存储过程的模板，修改其中的内容再执行就创建了Stored Procedured。

下面我首先以创建对表中插入数据的存储过程来为例。比如我的原始表是如下语句所创建的：

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1 2	<code class=" hljs sql">IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE id = object_id(N'Persons') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id,N'isUserTable') = 1) CREATE TABLE Persons (Id_P int,LastName varchar(255),FirstName varchar(255),Address varchar(255),City varchar(255))</code>

Stored Procedure创建插入功能的SQL如下：

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<code class=" hljs sql">USE [databasename] GO /****** Object:  StoredProcedure [dbo].[insert_persions]    Script Date: 2/25/2015 11:14:11 AM ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO IF OBJECT_ID ('insert_persons','p') IS NOT NULL     DROP PROCEDURE insert_persons; GO -- ============================================= -- Author:      <Author,,Name> -- Create date: <Create Date,,> -- Description: <Description,,> -- ============================================= CREATE PROCEDURE insert_persons     -- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here     @id int,     @lastname varchar(255),     @firstname varchar(255),     @adress varchar(255),     @city varchar(255) AS BEGIN     -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from     -- interfering with SELECT statements.     SET NOCOUNT ON;       -- Insert statements for procedure here     INSERT Persons (Id_P, LastName, FirstName, Address, City)     VALUES (@id, @lastname, @firstname, @adress, @city) END GO</code>

以上代码完成了首先检查Stored Procedure是否存在，如果存在先把该Stored Procedure删掉，然后再创建该Stored Procedure。而其功能则是通过传入的参数，插入一条记录。直接点击Execute或者按F5则以上代码被执行，相应的数据库下面将有一个Stored Procedure名字为insert_persons。以SQL Server 2014为例，只要刷新相应的数据库，再到Programmability->Stored Procedures下面就发现多了个dbo.insert_persons。

执行存储过程 
在Stored Procedures下面找到相应的存储过程，点击右键选择Execute Stored Procedure…就可以产生一个新的对话框，填写输入的参数再点击OK就执行完毕。回去查看相应的表会发现多了一行数据。 

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当然我们也可以通过SQL语句来执行存储过程。

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1 2	<code class=" hljs ruby">EXECUTE insert_persons 5,"Wang","San","Zhongguancun","Beijing" EXECUTE insert_persons @id = 6,@firstname = "Wang",@lastname = "San",@adress = "Zhongguancun",@city = "Beijing"</code>

C#执行存储过程 
下面的代码比较简单的展示了如何利用C#来执行上面创建的存储过程：

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<code class=" hljs avrasm">            String conStr = @"Data Source=host\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=dbtan;Integrated Security=SSPI";             SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(conStr);             try             {                 con.Open();                 Console.WriteLine("Connect Sucess!");                   SqlCommand com = new SqlCommand();                 com.CommandType = System.Data.CommandType.StoredProcedure;                 com.Connection = con;                 com.CommandText = "insert_persons";                   SqlParameter pId = new SqlParameter("id", 10);                 SqlParameter pLastName = new SqlParameter("lastname", "last");                 SqlParameter pFirstName = new SqlParameter("firstname", "first");                 SqlParameter pAdress = new SqlParameter("adress", "pop");                 SqlParameter pCity = new SqlParameter("city", "Hangzhou");                   com.Parameters.Add(pId);                 com.Parameters.Add(pLastName);                 com.Parameters.Add(pFirstName);                 com.Parameters.Add(pAdress);                 com.Parameters.Add(pCity);                   com.ExecuteNonQuery();             }             catch (Exception e)             {                 Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());             }             finally             {                 con.Close();             }             Console.ReadKey();</code>