基于TLS证书手动部署kubernetes集群(下)

一、master节点组件部署

承接上篇文章--基于TLS证书手动部署kubernetes集群(上)，我们已经部署好了etcd集群、flannel网络以及每个节点的docker，接下来部署master节点

1.软件包下载：

下载地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG-1.9.md

2.解压包、创建目录

# 解压下载包
 tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

#创建目录,ssl 之前已经创建ssl目录可不用创建
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,conf,ssl}

#拷贝执行脚本
cp kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin/
cp kube-apiserver  /opt/kubernetes/bin/
cp kube-scheduler /opt/kubernetes/bin/
cp kubectl /opt/kubernetes/bin/

#添加执行权限
chmod a+x /opt/kubernetes/bin/*

3.为各个组件通讯创建TLS Bootstrapping Token

#进入到配置文件目录
cd /opt/kubernetes/conf/
#生成token
export BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
#保存到文件中
cat > token.csv <<EOF
${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF
#查看token
cat token.csv

4.配置各个master组件

kube-apiserver

#配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-apiserver <<EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--etcd-servers=https://10.1.210.32:2379,https://10.1.210.33:2379,https://10.1.210.34:2379 \
--insecure-bind-address=127.0.0.1 \
--bind-address=10.1.210.33 \
--insecure-port=8080 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--advertise-address=10.1.210.33 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.10.10.0/24 \
--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
--kubelet-https=true \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/conf/token.csv \
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem"
EOF

##服务器启动文件
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-apiserver
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

kube-scheduler

#配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-scheduler <<EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--leader-elect"
EOF

#启动文件
cat  > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-scheduler
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

kube-controller-manager

#配置文件
cat > cat /opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-controller-manager <<EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--leader-elect=true \
--address=127.0.0.1 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.10.10.0/24 \
--cluster-name=kubernetes \
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
EOF

#启动脚本
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-scheduler
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@master soft]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-controller-manager
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

5.启动master所有组件

#启动apiserver
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl restart kube-apiserver

#启动kube-scheduler
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
systemctl restart kube-scheduler

#启动kube-scheduler
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
systemctl restart kube-scheduler

6.查看各个组件状态,kubectl get cs如下图：

二、node节点组件部署

1.创建Node节点kubeconfig文件(此步骤在master上进行，创建完成下发到每个node)，此步骤依赖上次环境变量中生成的token，请确保echo $BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN有token值

#进入到证书目录
cd /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

# 创建指明api-server地址
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.1.210.33:6443"

# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=./ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
  --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置默认上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

2.下发kubeconfig文件(bootstrap.kubeconfig、kube-proxy.kubeconfig)

#下发node节点配置文件
scp *.kubeconfig node1:/opt/kubernetes/conf/
scp *.kubeconfig node2:/opt/kubernetes/conf/

3.选择一台node节点部署组件（下载server版本中已经有node组件）

为了方便，下面使用脚本生成配置文件和启动脚本：

kubelet组件

参数一：kubelet组件监听地址

参数二：dns，后续部署集群dns的地址

sh kubelet.sh 10.1.210.32 10.10.10.3

#!/bin/bash

NODE_ADDRESS=${1:-"10.1.210.32"}
DNS_SERVER_IP=${2:-"10.10.10.3"}

cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/conf/kubelet

KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--address=${NODE_ADDRESS} \\
--hostname-override=${NODE_ADDRESS} \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/conf/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/conf/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--cluster-dns=${DNS_SERVER_IP} \\
--cluster-domain=cluster.local \\
--fail-swap-on=false \\
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0"

EOF

cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/conf/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl restart kubelet

kubelet.sh

kube-proxy组件

参数一：kube-proxy 监听地址

sh proxy.sh 10.1.210.32

#!/bin/bash

NODE_ADDRESS=${1:-"10.1.210.32"}

cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-proxy

KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--hostname-override=${NODE_ADDRESS} \
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"

EOF

cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/conf/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl restart kube-proxy

proxy.sh

4.由于我们采用了RBAC授权机制，所以需要给kubelet组件授权(赋权操作在master上进行)

#创建角色并赋权可以使用kubectl create clusterrolebinding --help查看如何创建角色

kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap

#重启kubelet和kube-proxy
systemctl restart kubelet

systemctl restart kube-proxy

5.此时到mater查看(kubectl get csr)证书请求信息，是否有node请求集群证书,如下：

6.此时我们需要运行该节点请求证书文件

##使用kubectl certificate --help查看帮助
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-urT-yh6bTjMi_-XXaRSdzPTWRuAULBjuaP85RU7_v8U

7.查看节点是否加入，如果节点状态是Ready代表该节点已经加入到集群。

8.在另一个节点也做该操作，当然你也可以直接拷贝配置文件，修改配置信息，然后将宁一个节点加入到集群中，如图：

9.测试集群可用

#创建nginx pod
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=2
#查看pod
kubectl get pod

三、部署Dashboard

dashbord是k8s自带的一个webUI，可以查看一些基本信息，对我们了解集群状态有很大的帮助。

1.为了规范，我们将所有的yaml文件统一放在/opt/kubernetes/yaml下，在创建dasnbord之前需要创建角色。

kubectl create -f dashboard-rbac.yaml

dashboard-rbac.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
---

kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kube-system

2.为dashboard创建控制器,需要注意的是，将镜像改为阿里的源，不然会去google找镜像，导致下载失败。

kubectl create -f dashboard-deployment.yaml

dashboard-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
      annotations:
        scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/critical-pod: ''
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.7.1
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 300Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
          protocol: TCP
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            scheme: HTTP
            path: /
            port: 9090
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
      tolerations:
      - key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
        operator: "Exists"

3.创建service用于暴露服务

kubectl create -f dashboard-service.yaml

dashboard-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
spec:
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 9090

4.查看状态

#查看sevice
kubectl get svc -n kube-system

#查看pod
kubectl get pods -n kube-system

#查看所有信息
kubectl get all -n kube-system

5.根据以上信息80:18158，我们使用nodeip访问http://10.1.210.34:38158/查看仪表盘，到此，集群部署完毕。