二进制部署1.23.4版本k8s集群-1-系统安装及环境准备

1. 致谢

这篇文章参考了老男孩王导的视频，在此表示感谢和致敬！

2. 安装CentOS操作系统

系统镜像：CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso

安装过程略。

3. 环境准备

3.1 修改主机名

[root@CentOS-11 ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname cfzx55-11.host.com
[root@CentOS-11 ~]# logout
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# hostname
cfzx55-11.host.com
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]#

3.2 修改IP地址

[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
TYPE="Ethernet"
PROXY_METHOD="none"
BROWSER_ONLY="no"
BOOTPROTO="static"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="eth0"
DEVICE="eth0"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR=10.211.55.11
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=10.211.55.1
DNS1=10.211.55.1

3.3 关闭IPV6地址

[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# vi /etc/default/grub
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# cat /etc/default/grub
GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"
GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true
GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="ipv6.disable=1 crashkernel=auto spectre_v2=retpoline rd.lvm.lv=centos_centos-11/root rd.lvm.lv=centos_centos-11/swap rhgb quiet"
GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]#

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX中增加ipv6.disable=1

[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-64ff7fa49756f945a81d0b1b41f366c5
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-0-rescue-64ff7fa49756f945a81d0b1b41f366c5.img
done
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# reboot

3.4 关闭SELinux

[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config | grep SELINUX=
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
SELINUX=disabled
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]#

3.5 关闭防火墙

[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]#

3.6 关闭邮件服务

[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# systemctl stop postfix
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# systemctl disable postfix
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postfix.service.
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]#

3.7 安装常用软件

[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# yum install -y wget vim net-tools

3.8 调整base源、EPEL源，添加K8S源

# 备份
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo{,.bak}
# 使用阿里镜像源
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
2022-02-27 14:25:05 (2.06 MB/s) - '/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo' saved [2523/2523]
# 安装epel源
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
2022-02-27 14:26:02 (84.3 MB/s) - '/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo' saved [664/664]

[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/k8s.repo
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/k8s.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

# 清除系统yum缓存，重新生成
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# yum clean all
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# yum makecache -y

# 查看系统可用yum源和所有yum源
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# yum repolist enabled
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
repo id                             repo name                                                          status
base/7/x86_64                       CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                               10072
epel/x86_64                         Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64                     13746
extras/7/x86_64                     CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                               509
kubernetes                          Kubernetes                                                           775
updates/7/x86_64                    CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com                             3572
repolist: 28674
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]#

3.9 时间同步

# 查看系统时间、时区
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# timedatectl
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# timedatectl list-timezones | grep -i shanghai
Asia/Shanghai
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# timedatectl status
      Local time: Sat 2022-03-12 14:36:48 CST
  Universal time: Sat 2022-03-12 06:36:48 UTC
        RTC time: Sat 2022-03-12 06:36:48
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: yes
NTP synchronized: yes
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]#

# 安装chrony
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# yum -y install chrony
# 配置chrony
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# cat /etc/chrony.conf
# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
server ntp1.alyun.com
server ntp2.alyun.com
server ntp3.alyun.com
# 启动 chrony
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# systemctl start chronyd
# 设为开机自启动
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# systemctl enable chronyd

3.10 关闭swap分区

[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
# 注释swap一行

3.11 内核优化

[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=0

[root@cfzx55-11 ~]# sysctl --system

3.12 克隆虚拟机：

共5台虚拟机，克隆完成后，修改IP地址和hostname

序号	IP地址	hostname
1	10.211.55.11	cfzx55-11.host.com
2	10.211.55.12	cfzx55-12.host.com
3	10.211.55.21	cfzx55-21.host.com
4	10.211.55.22	cfzx55-22.host.com
5	10.211.55.200	cfzx55-200.host.com